ASTM F998-12(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of three classes of centrifugal pump (Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3) for shipboard application. When selecting material combinations, the conditions under which the various materials interact with each other shall be taken into consideration as well as the use of nonmetallic (composite) pump components where the use of that material can benefit the operation and maintenance of the pump. The requirements for the following are detailed: (1) pump design and construction, (2) pump operation (at or near the best efficiency point), (3) motor power ratings, (4) pitch and roll conditions, (5) horizontal pump and driver mounting, (6) vertical pump support, (7) bedplates, (8) pump couplings, (9) guards, (10) pumps with face-mounted motors, (11) shaft alignment, and (12) indication of direction of rotation. Pump design requirements for inlet and outlet connections, casings, radial and thrust bearings, journal and thrust bearings, rolling element bearings, mechanical seals, separate pressure boundary parts, and screw threads are specified. Requirements for paintings and coatings, equipment identification plates, and testing such as hydrostatic, mechanical run, performance, net positive suction head, vibration, and acoustic tests are also specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of centrifugal pumps for shipboard application. The three classes of service covered by this specification are as follows:
1.1.1 Class 1—Freshwater,
1.1.2 Class 2—Seawater, and
1.1.3 Class 3—Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU).
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F998 −12 (Reapproved 2022) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF998;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A743/A743MSpecification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General
1.1 This specification covers the requirements applicable to
Application
thedesignandconstructionofcentrifugalpumpsforshipboard
A747/A747MSpecification for Steel Castings, Stainless,
application. The three classes of service covered by this
Precipitation Hardening
specification are as follows:
A890/A890MSpecification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-
1.1.1 Class 1—Freshwater,
Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex
1.1.2 Class 2—Seawater, and
(Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
1.1.3 Class 3—Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU).
A995/A995MSpecification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
(Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
B148Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
B164Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and
and are not considered standard.
Wire
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- B271Specification for Copper-BaseAlloy Centrifugal Cast-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ings
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the B369Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy Castings
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B505/B505MSpecification for Copper Alloy Continuous
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Castings
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
B584Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for
General Applications
2. Referenced Documents
F468Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,
Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1511Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard
A36/A36MSpecification for Carbon Structural Steel
Pump Applications
A193/A193MSpecification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure 2.2 ANSI Standards:
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications ANSI B1ISO Metric Screw Threads (ANSI-B1 Report)
A194/A194MSpecification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, ANSI B1.1Unified Screw Threads
and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or ANSI B16.1Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings
High Temperature Service, or Both ANSI B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and
A276Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes Fittings, 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 lb
A494/A494MSpecification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel ANSI B16.11Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and
Alloy Threaded
A582/A582MSpecification for Free-Machining Stainless ANSI B16.24Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 150,
Steel Bars 300 lb
2.3 Hydraulic Institute Standards:
ANSI/HI 1.1-1.5American National Standard for Centrifu-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee F25 on Ships and
gal Pumps for Nomenclature, Definitions, Applications
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
and Operation
Machinery and Piping Systems.
ANSI/HI 1.6American National Standard for Centrifugal
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F998–12 (2018). Pump Tests
DOI: 10.1520/F0998-12R22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F998−12 (2022)
ANSI/HI 9.1-9.6American National Standard for Pumps— 3.1.14 maximum allowable working pressure, n—the maxi-
General Guidelines for Types, Definitions, Applications mum discharge pressure that could occur in the pump when it
and Sound Measurements is operated at the rated speed and suction pressure for a given
2.4 ABMA Standards: application.
ANSI/ABMA 9Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball
3.1.15 maximum BHP rated impeller, n—the highest power
Bearings
required by a pump with the correct impeller diameter for the
ANSI/ABMA 11Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Roller
service condition.
Bearings
3.1.16 minimum continuous flow, n—the lowest possible
2.5 ISO Standards:
flow rate at which the pump can run without generating
ISO 9001Quality Systems and QualityAssurance—Design/
excessive heat within the unit or damage to the pump.
Development, Production, Installation and Service
3.1.17 net positive suction head available (NPSHA), n—the
3. Terminology
total suction head absolute, determined at the first stage
impellerdatum,lesstheabsolutevaporpressureoftheliquidat
3.1 Definitions:
a specific capacity.
3.1.1 best effıciency point (BEP), n—the capacity and head
in which the pump efficiency is the highest.
3.1.18 net positive suction head required (NPSHR), n—the
amount of suction head over vapor pressure required at the
3.1.2 BHP, n—power delivered to the pump from the driver
pump to prevent more than a 3% loss in total head from the
in brake horse power.
first stage of the pump at a specific capacity.
3.1.3 capacity, n—the total volume output per unit of time.
3.1.19 nonmetallic materials, n—any material that would
3.1.4 centrifugal pump, n—a kinetic machine converting
not be recognized as a metal. Examples include plastics,
mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through rotating
fiberglass resins, carbon fiber, fiberglass-reinforced vinyl ester,
motion.
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any similar material.
3.1.5 close coupled pumps, n—in this arrangement, no
3.1.20 non-overloading power characteristics, n—thischar-
coupling is provided between the pump and the motor shafts,
acteristic requires that the driver be sized for the highest
and the pump housing is flange mounted to the motor. The
possible power requirement from the pump.
pump impeller is directly mounted to the motor shaft.
3.1.21 OEM, n—original equipment manufacturer of the
3.1.6 coupled pumps, n—in this arrangement, the pump and
pump unit.
the motor must use a coupling to transmit the power from the
3.1.22 pounds per square inch absolute (PSIA), n—the U.S.
driver to the pump shaft.
customary measure of pressure with zero as a true absolute
3.1.7 gallons per minute (GPM), n—U.S.customaryunitfor
zero in pounds per square inch.
capacity.
3.1.23 pounds per square inch gauge (PSIG), n—the U.S.
3.1.8 head, n—the expression of the energy content of the
customary measure of pressure with zero being adjusted to
liquidreferredtoinanyarbitrarydatum.Itisexpressedinunits
atmospheric pressure in pounds per square inch.
of energy per unit of weight liquid. The measuring unit for
3.1.24 pump effıciency (Eff), n—the ratio of the energy
head is foot (metre) of liquid.
impartedtotheliquidbythepumptotheenergysuppliedtothe
3.1.9 head, total discharge, n—the sum of the pump’s
pump from the driver.
discharge gauge head, the velocity head at the gauge
3.1.25 pump unit, n—a typical pump unit consists of a
connection, and the elevation difference between the pump
separate pump and driver, combined pump and driver (close
centerline and the gauge centerline.
coupled), coupling, and coupling guard, and may include a
3.1.10 head, total, n—the measurement of energy increase
gear box and base plate.
per unit weight of the liquid, imparted to the liquid by the
3.1.26 rated point, n—applies to the capacity, head, net
pump, and is the difference between the total discharge head
positive suction head, and speed of the pump as specified by
and the total suction head.
the order.
3.1.11 head, total suction, n—the sum of the pumps suction
3.1.27 specific gravity (Sp. Gr.), n—the ratio of the density
gauge head, the velocity head at the gauge connection, and the
of the liquid to the density of water at 64°F (17.8°C).
elevation difference between the pump inlet centerline and the
gauge centerline.
3.1.28 vapor pressure, n—the pressure exerted when a
liquid is in equilibrium with its own vapor.The vapor pressure
3.1.12 head, maximum rated, n—the most head a pump can
is a function of the substance and of the temperature.
generate with the correct impeller diameter for the service
conditions.
3.1.29 viscosity, n—theresistanceofafluidtoshearmotion,
its internal friction.
3.1.13 hydrostatic test, n—applying static pressure to the
assembled pump or pressure containing components to deter-
4. Ordering Information
mine structural integrity of the unit.
4.1 Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are provided for use by the procuring
activityandtheOEM.ThesectionsofFig.1andFig.2marked
AvailablefromAmericanBearingManufacturersAssociation(ABMA),330N.
Wabash Ave., Ste. 2000, Chicago, IL 60611, https://www.americanbearings.org. “User Defined,” must be completed by the procuring activity
F998−12 (2022)
FIG. 1Centrifugal Pump Ordering Data (English)
F998−12 (2022)
FIG. 2Centrifugal Pump Ordering Data (Metric)
F998−12 (2022)
andsubmittedwiththerequestforbid.Thiswillensurethatthe Special care shall be taken with Class 2 pump materials that
potential bidder provides a pump unit that meets all interact with each other in a seawater environment.
performance, operational, and reliability requirements of the
5.3 Consideration shall be given to the use of nonmetallic
purchaser.The OEM will fill out all sections of Fig. 1 and Fig.
(composite) pump components where the use of that material
2 marked “OEM Defined,” and return the data sheet to the
can benefit the operation and maintenance of the pump.
purchaser upon delivery of the pump.
Purchaserapprovalmustbeobtainedfortheuseofnonmetallic
4.2 Fortheconvenienceoftheprocuringactivity,Fig.1and
materials.
Fig. 2 are provided in both U.S. customary and SI versions.
6. General Requirements
5. Material
6.1 Pumpsshallbedesignedtomeetalloperationalrequire-
5.1 The materials cited in Table 1 are provided as a guide.
ments of the intended service and be constructed in such a
Other materials may be substituted as approved by the pur-
manner as to allow for reliable operation and maintenance.
chasing activity and as specified in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
6.2 Pumps shall be selected to operate at or near the best
5.2 When selecting material combinations, the pump sup-
efficiency point (BEP) on the head-capacity curve.
plier shall take into consideration the conditions under which
the various materials interact with each other. Material hard- 6.3 Motors shall have power ratings, including a service
ness shall be such that any rubbing, sliding, or tight clearance factor, if any, at least equal to 125% of pump brake-
parts shall be selected so that no binding or galling occurs. horsepower at rated design condition for motors less than
TABLE 1 Material Specifications
A
Class 1: Freshwater Class 2: Seawater Class 3: Hydrocarbon
Casing and Pressure Bronze Corrosion-resistant Duplex Alloy Bronze
Boundary Parts (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, (Specification A890/A890M or A995/A995M, (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, C92200,
C92200, or C87500) Grade CD4MCuN) or C87500)
Stainless Steel Ni-Al Bronze Stainless Steel
(Specification A743/A743M, (Specification B148, Alloy C95500 or (Specification A743/A743M,
CF8M) C95800) CF8M, J92900)
Shaft and Rotor Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
Parts (Specification A582/A582M, Cond, Alloy (Specification A276, S31600) (Specification A582/A582M A, Alloy S41600)
S41600)
Nickel-copper alloy Nickel-copper Alloy (Monel)
(Specification B164, UNS N04400 or (Specification B164, UNS N04400)
N04405)
B B
Composite (shaft sleeves only) Composite (shaft sleeves only)
Impellers Bronze Corrosion-resistant Duplex Alloy Bronze
(Specification B584, Alloy C90500, (Specification A890/A890M or A995/A995M, (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, C92200,
C92200, or C87500) Grade CD4MCuN) or C87500)
Stainless Steel Ni-Al Bronze Stainless Steel
(Specification A743/A743M, (Specification B148, UNS C95500 or (Specification A743/A743M,
Grade CF8M or CF8) C95800) Grade CF8M or CF8)
B B
Composite Composite
Wear Rings Bronze Stainless Steel Bronze
(Specification B271, B505/B505M or B584) (Specification A747/A747M, CB7Cu-1, Cond (Specification B271, B505/B505M,or B584)
H1150, J92180)
B
Composite Bronze
(Specification B271, B505/B505M or B584)
B
Composite
Casting Fasteners Corrosion-resisting steel Monel Corrosion-resisting steel
(Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8M (Specification F468, Alloy 400) (Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8M and
and A194/A194M, Grade 8M) A194/A194M, Grade 8M)
Corrosion-resisting steel
(Specification A193/A193M, Grade
B8M and A194/A194M, Grade 8M)
Base Structural Steel Structural Steel Structural Steel
(Specification A36/A36M) (Specification A36/A36M) (Specification A36/A36M)
A
MaterialsusedforseawaterservicesmayalsobeusedforClass1and3servicepumps.Galvaniccompatibilitymustbetakenintoconsiderationwhenchoosingallowable
materials.
B
Material property of composites must be suitable for pump service life and intended service.
F998−12 (2022)
30hp, 115% of pump brake-horsepower at rated design 7.2 Pump casings, except for close-coupled pumps, shall be
conditionformotorsratedbetween30hpand75hpand110% arranged so that the rotating components can be removed
of pump brake-horsepower at pump-rated design condition for without disturbing the driver or the suction and discharge
motors greater than 75 hp. The power required at pump-rated connections.
conditions shall not exceed the motor nameplate horsepower
7.3 The pump casings shall be provided with bosses drilled
rating.
andtappedorsocketweldedandflangedforsuction,discharge
6.4 Pumps shall be designed for a shipboard environment pressure gauge, and vent and drain connections if specified in
including both pitch and roll condition
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