ASTM F998-12(2022)

Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of three classes of centrifugal pump (Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3) for shipboard application. When selecting material combinations, the conditions under which the various materials interact with each other shall be taken into consideration as well as the use of nonmetallic (composite) pump components where the use of that material can benefit the operation and maintenance of the pump. The requirements for the following are detailed: (1) pump design and construction, (2) pump operation (at or near the best efficiency point), (3) motor power ratings, (4) pitch and roll conditions, (5) horizontal pump and driver mounting, (6) vertical pump support, (7) bedplates, (8) pump couplings, (9) guards, (10) pumps with face-mounted motors, (11) shaft alignment, and (12) indication of direction of rotation. Pump design requirements for inlet and outlet connections, casings, radial and thrust bearings, journal and thrust bearings, rolling element bearings, mechanical seals, separate pressure boundary parts, and screw threads are specified. Requirements for paintings and coatings, equipment identification plates, and testing such as hydrostatic, mechanical run, performance, net positive suction head, vibration, and acoustic tests are also specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements applicable to the design and construction of centrifugal pumps for shipboard application. The three classes of service covered by this specification are as follows:  
1.1.1 Class 1—Freshwater,  
1.1.2 Class 2—Seawater, and  
1.1.3 Class 3—Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2022
• ICS: 23.080 - Pumps
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.11 - Machinery and Piping Systems

Relations

• Refers: ASTM A193/A193M-24 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM B505/B505M-23 - Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2023
• Refers: ASTM A194/A194M-20 - Standard Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM A995/A995M-20 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-May-2020
• Refers: ASTM B164-03(2019) - Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM A995/A995M-19 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM B148-18 - Standard Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM A995/A995M-18a - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM A494/A494M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM A890/A890M-18a - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM A890/A890M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-May-2018
• Refers: ASTM A995/A995M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM A743/A743M-17 - Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A494/A494M-17a - Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A494/A494M-17 - Standard Specification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2017

Overview

ASTM F998-12(2022): Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use is an internationally recognized specification, developed by ASTM, that establishes comprehensive requirements for the design, construction, performance, and quality assurance of shipboard centrifugal pumps. This standard is vital for ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of pumping systems in marine environments, covering three classes of service: freshwater, seawater, and low-viscosity hydrocarbon pumps.

By adhering to ASTM F998-12(2022), shipbuilders, equipment suppliers, and marine engineers can ensure that the centrifugal pumps installed on vessels are durable, compatible with ship systems, and capable of operational performance under the demanding conditions of shipboard service.

Key Topics

• Pump Classes and Applications
  • Class 1: Freshwater pumps
  • Class 2: Seawater pumps
  • Class 3: Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU viscosity)
• Design and Construction Requirements
  • Flange connections conforming to ANSI and ISO standards for suction/discharge
  • Mechanical seals, couplings, bearings, and proper alignment
  • Material selection for corrosion resistance and longevity, considering the interaction of materials and the use of composites
• Performance and Operational Criteria
  • Operation at or near best efficiency point (BEP)
  • Motor power ratings with specified service factors
  • Operation under pitch and roll conditions found in shipboard environments
• Installation and Safety
  • Horizontal and vertical mounting practices
  • Guarding of rotating elements
  • Lifting points for safe installation and maintenance
  • Clearly marked direction of rotation
• Testing and Quality Assurance
  • Hydrostatic, mechanical run, vibration, performance, and acoustic testing
  • Requirements for painting, coatings, and equipment identification plates
  • Documentation requirements, including manuals and detailed data sheets
  • ISO 9001 certified quality management systems

Applications

The ASTM F998-12(2022) standard is essential for:

• Naval and commercial ships: Ensures pumps for bilge, ballast, boiler feed, condensate, cooling water, and fuel transfer meet rigorous shipboard requirements.
• Shipbuilding and marine retrofits: Provides a basis for procurement, installation, and replacement of centrifugal pumps, enhancing vessel reliability and safety.
• OEM suppliers: Guides manufacturers in producing compliant centrifugal pumps that meet end-user needs and regulatory demands.
• Marine systems integration: Ensures centrifugal pumps operate seamlessly in complex systems subjected to ship movement and harsh marine environments.
• Classification societies and regulatory bodies: Reference point for marine equipment certification and ship inspection.

By following ASTM F998-12(2022), stakeholders minimize the risk of pump failure, improve lifecycle maintenance, and ensure compliance with international trade and safety requirements.

Related Standards

Adherence to ASTM F998-12(2022) is often paired with conformity to the following related standards:

• ASTM A36, A193, A194, A276, A582: Material and fastener specifications for pump construction.
• ASTM F1511: Mechanical seals for shipboard pump applications.
• ANSI B1.1, B16.1, B16.5, B16.11, B16.24: Flange and connection standards.
• Hydraulic Institute Standards (ANSI/HI 1.1–1.5, 1.6, 9.1–9.6): Pump nomenclature, performance testing, and sound measurements.
• ABMA 9, ABMA 11: Bearing life and loading standards.
• ISO 9001: Quality management systems.
• Relevant NAVSEA and military standards: For naval and defense vessel applications, shock, vibration, and noise requirements.

Keywords: ASTM F998, centrifugal pump specification, shipboard pumps, marine pump standards, seawater pump, freshwater pump, hydrocarbon pump, marine engineering, pump testing, corrosion resistance, shipbuilding, pump installation, pump design.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F998 −12 (Reapproved 2022) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF998;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A743/A743MSpecification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General
1.1 This specification covers the requirements applicable to
Application
thedesignandconstructionofcentrifugalpumpsforshipboard
A747/A747MSpecification for Steel Castings, Stainless,
application. The three classes of service covered by this
Precipitation Hardening
specification are as follows:
A890/A890MSpecification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-
1.1.1 Class 1—Freshwater,
Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex
1.1.2 Class 2—Seawater, and
(Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application
1.1.3 Class 3—Hydrocarbon pumps (less than 1500 SSU).
A995/A995MSpecification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
(Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
B148Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand Castings
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
B164Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and
and are not considered standard.
Wire
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor- B271Specification for Copper-BaseAlloy Centrifugal Cast-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ings
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the B369Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy Castings
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B505/B505MSpecification for Copper Alloy Continuous
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Castings
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
B584Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for
General Applications
2. Referenced Documents
F468Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,
Socket Head Cap Screws, and Studs for General Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1511Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard
A36/A36MSpecification for Carbon Structural Steel
Pump Applications
A193/A193MSpecification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure 2.2 ANSI Standards:
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications ANSI B1ISO Metric Screw Threads (ANSI-B1 Report)
A194/A194MSpecification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, ANSI B1.1Unified Screw Threads
and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or ANSI B16.1Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings
High Temperature Service, or Both ANSI B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and
A276Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes Fittings, 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500 lb
A494/A494MSpecification for Castings, Nickel and Nickel ANSI B16.11Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and
Alloy Threaded
A582/A582MSpecification for Free-Machining Stainless ANSI B16.24Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 150,
Steel Bars 300 lb
2.3 Hydraulic Institute Standards:
ANSI/HI 1.1-1.5American National Standard for Centrifu-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee F25 on Ships and
gal Pumps for Nomenclature, Definitions, Applications
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
and Operation
Machinery and Piping Systems.
ANSI/HI 1.6American National Standard for Centrifugal
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F998–12 (2018). Pump Tests
DOI: 10.1520/F0998-12R22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F998−12 (2022)
ANSI/HI 9.1-9.6American National Standard for Pumps— 3.1.14 maximum allowable working pressure, n—the maxi-
General Guidelines for Types, Definitions, Applications mum discharge pressure that could occur in the pump when it
and Sound Measurements is operated at the rated speed and suction pressure for a given
2.4 ABMA Standards: application.
ANSI/ABMA 9Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball
3.1.15 maximum BHP rated impeller, n—the highest power
Bearings
required by a pump with the correct impeller diameter for the
ANSI/ABMA 11Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Roller
service condition.
Bearings
3.1.16 minimum continuous flow, n—the lowest possible
2.5 ISO Standards:
flow rate at which the pump can run without generating
ISO 9001Quality Systems and QualityAssurance—Design/
excessive heat within the unit or damage to the pump.
Development, Production, Installation and Service
3.1.17 net positive suction head available (NPSHA), n—the
3. Terminology
total suction head absolute, determined at the first stage
impellerdatum,lesstheabsolutevaporpressureoftheliquidat
3.1 Definitions:
a specific capacity.
3.1.1 best effıciency point (BEP), n—the capacity and head
in which the pump efficiency is the highest.
3.1.18 net positive suction head required (NPSHR), n—the
amount of suction head over vapor pressure required at the
3.1.2 BHP, n—power delivered to the pump from the driver
pump to prevent more than a 3% loss in total head from the
in brake horse power.
first stage of the pump at a specific capacity.
3.1.3 capacity, n—the total volume output per unit of time.
3.1.19 nonmetallic materials, n—any material that would
3.1.4 centrifugal pump, n—a kinetic machine converting
not be recognized as a metal. Examples include plastics,
mechanical energy into hydraulic energy through rotating
fiberglass resins, carbon fiber, fiberglass-reinforced vinyl ester,
motion.
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or any similar material.
3.1.5 close coupled pumps, n—in this arrangement, no
3.1.20 non-overloading power characteristics, n—thischar-
coupling is provided between the pump and the motor shafts,
acteristic requires that the driver be sized for the highest
and the pump housing is flange mounted to the motor. The
possible power requirement from the pump.
pump impeller is directly mounted to the motor shaft.
3.1.21 OEM, n—original equipment manufacturer of the
3.1.6 coupled pumps, n—in this arrangement, the pump and
pump unit.
the motor must use a coupling to transmit the power from the
3.1.22 pounds per square inch absolute (PSIA), n—the U.S.
driver to the pump shaft.
customary measure of pressure with zero as a true absolute
3.1.7 gallons per minute (GPM), n—U.S.customaryunitfor
zero in pounds per square inch.
capacity.
3.1.23 pounds per square inch gauge (PSIG), n—the U.S.
3.1.8 head, n—the expression of the energy content of the
customary measure of pressure with zero being adjusted to
liquidreferredtoinanyarbitrarydatum.Itisexpressedinunits
atmospheric pressure in pounds per square inch.
of energy per unit of weight liquid. The measuring unit for
3.1.24 pump effıciency (Eff), n—the ratio of the energy
head is foot (metre) of liquid.
impartedtotheliquidbythepumptotheenergysuppliedtothe
3.1.9 head, total discharge, n—the sum of the pump’s
pump from the driver.
discharge gauge head, the velocity head at the gauge
3.1.25 pump unit, n—a typical pump unit consists of a
connection, and the elevation difference between the pump
separate pump and driver, combined pump and driver (close
centerline and the gauge centerline.
coupled), coupling, and coupling guard, and may include a
3.1.10 head, total, n—the measurement of energy increase
gear box and base plate.
per unit weight of the liquid, imparted to the liquid by the
3.1.26 rated point, n—applies to the capacity, head, net
pump, and is the difference between the total discharge head
positive suction head, and speed of the pump as specified by
and the total suction head.
the order.
3.1.11 head, total suction, n—the sum of the pumps suction
3.1.27 specific gravity (Sp. Gr.), n—the ratio of the density
gauge head, the velocity head at the gauge connection, and the
of the liquid to the density of water at 64°F (17.8°C).
elevation difference between the pump inlet centerline and the
gauge centerline.
3.1.28 vapor pressure, n—the pressure exerted when a
liquid is in equilibrium with its own vapor.The vapor pressure
3.1.12 head, maximum rated, n—the most head a pump can
is a function of the substance and of the temperature.
generate with the correct impeller diameter for the service
conditions.
3.1.29 viscosity, n—theresistanceofafluidtoshearmotion,
its internal friction.
3.1.13 hydrostatic test, n—applying static pressure to the
assembled pump or pressure containing components to deter-
4. Ordering Information
mine structural integrity of the unit.
4.1 Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are provided for use by the procuring
activityandtheOEM.ThesectionsofFig.1andFig.2marked
AvailablefromAmericanBearingManufacturersAssociation(ABMA),330N.
Wabash Ave., Ste. 2000, Chicago, IL 60611, https://www.americanbearings.org. “User Defined,” must be completed by the procuring activity
F998−12 (2022)
FIG. 1Centrifugal Pump Ordering Data (English)
F998−12 (2022)
FIG. 2Centrifugal Pump Ordering Data (Metric)
F998−12 (2022)
andsubmittedwiththerequestforbid.Thiswillensurethatthe Special care shall be taken with Class 2 pump materials that
potential bidder provides a pump unit that meets all interact with each other in a seawater environment.
performance, operational, and reliability requirements of the
5.3 Consideration shall be given to the use of nonmetallic
purchaser.The OEM will fill out all sections of Fig. 1 and Fig.
(composite) pump components where the use of that material
2 marked “OEM Defined,” and return the data sheet to the
can benefit the operation and maintenance of the pump.
purchaser upon delivery of the pump.
Purchaserapprovalmustbeobtainedfortheuseofnonmetallic
4.2 Fortheconvenienceoftheprocuringactivity,Fig.1and
materials.
Fig. 2 are provided in both U.S. customary and SI versions.
6. General Requirements
5. Material
6.1 Pumpsshallbedesignedtomeetalloperationalrequire-
5.1 The materials cited in Table 1 are provided as a guide.
ments of the intended service and be constructed in such a
Other materials may be substituted as approved by the pur-
manner as to allow for reliable operation and maintenance.
chasing activity and as specified in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
6.2 Pumps shall be selected to operate at or near the best
5.2 When selecting material combinations, the pump sup-
efficiency point (BEP) on the head-capacity curve.
plier shall take into consideration the conditions under which
the various materials interact with each other. Material hard- 6.3 Motors shall have power ratings, including a service
ness shall be such that any rubbing, sliding, or tight clearance factor, if any, at least equal to 125% of pump brake-
parts shall be selected so that no binding or galling occurs. horsepower at rated design condition for motors less than
TABLE 1 Material Specifications
A
Class 1: Freshwater Class 2: Seawater Class 3: Hydrocarbon
Casing and Pressure Bronze Corrosion-resistant Duplex Alloy Bronze
Boundary Parts (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, (Specification A890/A890M or A995/A995M, (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, C92200,
C92200, or C87500) Grade CD4MCuN) or C87500)
Stainless Steel Ni-Al Bronze Stainless Steel
(Specification A743/A743M, (Specification B148, Alloy C95500 or (Specification A743/A743M,
CF8M) C95800) CF8M, J92900)
Shaft and Rotor Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
Parts (Specification A582/A582M, Cond, Alloy (Specification A276, S31600) (Specification A582/A582M A, Alloy S41600)
S41600)
Nickel-copper alloy Nickel-copper Alloy (Monel)
(Specification B164, UNS N04400 or (Specification B164, UNS N04400)
N04405)
B B
Composite (shaft sleeves only) Composite (shaft sleeves only)
Impellers Bronze Corrosion-resistant Duplex Alloy Bronze
(Specification B584, Alloy C90500, (Specification A890/A890M or A995/A995M, (Specification B584, Alloy C90500, C92200,
C92200, or C87500) Grade CD4MCuN) or C87500)
Stainless Steel Ni-Al Bronze Stainless Steel
(Specification A743/A743M, (Specification B148, UNS C95500 or (Specification A743/A743M,
Grade CF8M or CF8) C95800) Grade CF8M or CF8)
B B
Composite Composite
Wear Rings Bronze Stainless Steel Bronze
(Specification B271, B505/B505M or B584) (Specification A747/A747M, CB7Cu-1, Cond (Specification B271, B505/B505M,or B584)
H1150, J92180)
B
Composite Bronze
(Specification B271, B505/B505M or B584)
B
Composite
Casting Fasteners Corrosion-resisting steel Monel Corrosion-resisting steel
(Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8M (Specification F468, Alloy 400) (Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8M and
and A194/A194M, Grade 8M) A194/A194M, Grade 8M)
Corrosion-resisting steel
(Specification A193/A193M, Grade
B8M and A194/A194M, Grade 8M)
Base Structural Steel Structural Steel Structural Steel
(Specification A36/A36M) (Specification A36/A36M) (Specification A36/A36M)
A
MaterialsusedforseawaterservicesmayalsobeusedforClass1and3servicepumps.Galvaniccompatibilitymustbetakenintoconsiderationwhenchoosingallowable
materials.
B
Material property of composites must be suitable for pump service life and intended service.
F998−12 (2022)
30hp, 115% of pump brake-horsepower at rated design 7.2 Pump casings, except for close-coupled pumps, shall be
conditionformotorsratedbetween30hpand75hpand110% arranged so that the rotating components can be removed
of pump brake-horsepower at pump-rated design condition for without disturbing the driver or the suction and discharge
motors greater than 75 hp. The power required at pump-rated connections.
conditions shall not exceed the motor nameplate horsepower
7.3 The pump casings shall be provided with bosses drilled
rating.
andtappedorsocketweldedandflangedforsuction,discharge
6.4 Pumps shall be designed for a shipboard environment pressure gauge, and vent and drain connections if specified in
including both pitch and roll conditions specified by the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 (refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 for type and size).
purchaser in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Pumps shall also be capable of All connections shall be plugged or blank flanged using
sustained operation at the maximum angles of list and trim material suitable for design conditions.
specified in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
7.4 Coupled pumps shall be equipped with radial and thrust
6.5 For horizontal pumps, the pump and driver shall be bearings to support the rotor and counteract any unbalanced
mounted on a common base of sufficient strength and stiffness forces in the pump and ensure that the pump will operate
satisfactorily over the pump’s entire design range.
to allow for proper alignment and operation. Where necessary
to maintain proper alignment, dowels or fitted bolts shall be
7.5 Close coupled pumps and rigidly coupled vertical
provided.
pumps shall have radial and thrust bearings located in the
driver that are capable of supporting the rotating assembly and
6.6 All vertical pumps shall be entirely supported by a
counteracting any unbalanced forces in the pump unit.
horizontal foundation or a vertical ship structure, but not both.
Where necessary, the upper portion of the pump unit may be
7.6 Bearings shall be securely fitted by snap rings,
bolted to a frame erected on the horizontal foundation.
shoulders, or other means to prevent axial movement within
the bearing housing. Bearing housings shall be integral or
6.7 Bedplates for Class 3 pumps shall be equipped with
bolted to the pump case to maintain internal alignment of
driprims and drain connections.
components and external alignment between the pump and
6.8 Horizontal pumps of the coupled type shall be driven
driver. Bolted connections require fitted bolts, dowels, or
through a flexible coupling. Coupled vertical pumps may be
rabbet fit to ensure alignment of the bearing housing to the
connected to their drivers by a flexible or rigid coupling.
casing.
Couplings between the pump and driver shall be keyed to both
7.7 Journal and thrust bearings may be of the fluid film or
shafts.
rolling element (antifriction) type.The bearings may be sealed
6.9 All pump units shall incorporate guards over the
and self or externally lubricated or may be lubricated by the
couplings, belts, and other external rotating parts. The guards
process fluid.
shall prevent personnel contact with the rotating elements.
7.8 Rollingelementbearingsshallbeselectedinaccordance
Guards shall be rigid enough to support a 200-lb (88-kg)
withANSI/ABMA9or11,orboth,andshallhaveacalculated
person.
minimum L10 life of 15 000 h.
6.10 Pump and driver seating surfaces of mounting
7.9 Unless otherwise specified in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, all
bedplates,bracketmountingplates,orothermountingarrange-
pumps shall be equipped with mechanical seals in accordance
ments shall be machined.
with Specification F1511. The installation shall ensure that
6.11 Sufficient means shall be provided for attaching con-
adequate circulation of liquid at the seal faces occurs to
ventional lifting gear for the installation, removal, and main-
minimize deposits of foreign matter and to provide adequate
tenance of both the pump and driver.
lubrication of the seal faces.
6.12 Pumps with face-mounted motors shall be arranged
7.10 Material selection shall be in accordance with Section
such that there are four possible orientations of the motor to
5.
pump.
7.11 Separate pressure boundary parts such as casing
6.13 Shaft alignment between the pump and driver will be
halves, suction heads, and end covers shall be attached to the
specified by the OEM to allow the pump unit to operate within
pump casing using rabbet fits, dowel pins, or fitted bolts to
the vibration limits set in Section 8 over the expected service
ensure component alignment.
life of the pump.
7.12 Screw threads shall conform to ANSI B1.1. Metric
6.14 Directionofrotationshallbeindicatedonthepumpby
screw threads shall conform to ISO Metric Screw Threads
either an arrow cast into the pump casing or by a direction
(ANSI B1 Report.)
arrow plate permanently attached to the pump.
8. Performance Requirements
6.15 The driver type and requirements shall be specified in
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
8.1 The operating conditions of the pump shall be as
specified in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
7. Pump Design
8.2 The NPSHR of the pump as determined by the Hydrau-
7.1 Pump inlet and outlet connections shall be flanged in lic Institute Standards (ANSI/HI 1.1–1.5) shall not exceed the
accordance with ANSI B16.1, B16.5, B16.11, or B16.24. NPSHA that is specified at the rated condition.
F998−12 (2022)
8.3 Pumpsthathandleliquidsmoreviscousthanwatershall hydro test. Mechanical seal leakage criteria shall be in accor-
have their water performance corrected in accordance with the dance with Specification F1511.
Hydraulic Institute Standard (ANSI/HI 1.1–1.5).
11.3 The mechanical run test shall consist of a short
8.4 The internally excited vibration levels of the pump unit operation of the pump to ensure there is no abnormal noise,
shall not exceed the requirements of the centrifugal pump test vibration,orexcessivemechanicalsealleakagefromthepump
standards of the Hydraulic Institute (ANSI/HI 1.1–1.5). before shipment.
8.5 The acoustic levels of the pump shall not exceed those 11.4 Performance tests shall be conducted in accordance
specifiedinFig.1orFig.2whenmeasuredinaccordancewith with the Hydraulic Institute centrifugal pump tests standards
the centrifugal pump test standards of the Hydraulic Institute (ANSI/HI). The performance tolerance acceptance levels shall
(ANSI/HI 9.1–9.6). be as specified by ANSI/HI.
8.6 Pressure containing parts shall be capable of withstand- 11.5 Net positive suction head (NPSH) tests, when
ing a pressure of at least 1.5 times the maximum allowable specified, shall be conducted in accordance with the Hydraulic
design pressure. Institute centrifugal pump tests standards (ANSI/HI). The
acceptance level shall be in accordance with ANSI/HI.
9. Painting and Coatings
11.6 Vibration tests, when specified, shall be conducted in
accordance with the Hydraulic Institute centrifugal pump tests
9.1 Painting—External unmachined and nonmating ma-
chined surfaces (except for stainless steel) shall be thoroughly standards (ANSI/HI). The acceptance level shall be in accor-
cleanedandpaintedwithahydrocarbon-resistant,anticorrosive dance with ANSI/HI.
(lead and chromate free) primer and topcoat. Heat-resistant
11.7 Acoustic tests, when specified, shall be conducted in
paint requirements, if any, will be specified in Fig. 1 and Fig.
accordance with the Hydraulic Institute centrifugal pump tests
2.
standards (ANSI/HI). The acceptance level shall be in accor-
9.2 Painting external surfaces of nonferrous parts and com- dance with ANSI/HI.
ponents is not required but is permissible to avoid excessive
11.8 Ifatestreportisrequiredoriftestsmustbewitnessed,
masking. Identification plates shall not be painted or over-
the purchaser shall specify the requirements in Fig. 1 and Fig.
sprayed.
2.
10. Equipment Identification Plates
12. Technical Documentation
10.1 Identification plates shall be made of a corrosion-
12.1 Unlessotherwisespecified,eachpumpshallincludean
resistantmaterialthatwilllastthroughouttheservicelifeofthe
instruction book that shall be composed of the following:
pump. The identification plate must be securely attached to
12.1.1 Unit description;
each pump.
12.1.2 Installation instructions;
12.1.3 Operating instructions;
10.2 The pump identification plate shall contain, at a
12.1.4 Maintenance procedures (including complete pump
minimum, the following information:
disassembly and assembly);
10.2.1 Manufacturer’s name,
12.1.5 Outline dimension drawing, including weight;
10.2.2 Manufacturer’s model number and size,
12.1.6 Typical cross-sectional assembly drawing and list of
10.2.3 Manufacturer’s serial number,
materials;
10.2.4 ASTM F998 Class ____, and
12.1.7 Performance curve that plots total head, efficiency,
10.2.5 Designparameters(expressedinEnglishorSIunits):
NPSH, (if required), and brake horsepower as a function of
10.2.5.1 Capacity (rated) (GPM or m /h),
capacity; and
10.2.5.2 Suction requirements (ft or m),
12.1.8 List of fluids with material safety data sheets
10.2.5.3 Total developed head (rated) (ft or m),
(MSDS).
10.2.5.4 Rated speed (RPM),
10.2.5.5 BHP, and
12.2 Submittal Documents—Proposal documents shall con-
10.2.5.6 Hydrostatic test pressure (psi or bar).
sist of the following:
12.2.1 Outlinedimensiondrawingwithweightandcenterof
10.3 Attached accessory units such as the driver, controller,
gravity;
and gearbox shall have an identification plate.
12.2.2 Typical cross-sectional drawing and list of materials;
10.4 The manufacturer shall provide necessary safety infor-
12.2.3 Performance curve which plots total head, efficiency,
mation in the form of information plates.
water NPSH, and brake horsepower as a function of capacity;
and
11. Testing Requirements
12.2.4 List of recommended spare parts.
11.1 Testing shall be in accordance with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
13. Packaging and Preservation
11.2 Hydrostatictestsshallbeperformedatapressureof1.5
times of design working pressure (or 50 psig minimum) for a 13.1 All openings shall be sealed with covers. Small piping
minimum of 30 min. The pump shall exhibit no leakage (1 in. or less) may be sealed with tape. Cover design shall
through the pressure boundary material or joints during the precludethemakeupofconnectingpipingwithcoversinplace.
F998−12 (2022)
13.2 Eachunitshallbecratedandbraced.Smallpipingshall 15. Keywords
be secured to prevent damage during shipment.
15.1 bilge and ballast pump; boiler feed pump; centrifugal;
13.3 Internalsurfacessubjecttorustingshallbecoatedwith
centrifugal pump; condensate pump; freshwater pump; hydro-
suitable rust preventative.
carbon pump; impeller; marine pump; pump; seawater pump
14. Quality Assurance
14.1 The manufacturer shall have a certified ISO 9001
quality system.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
contract or order. When the contract or order invokes a supplement item listed in this section and
which may be in conflict with the requirements of Specification F998, the requirements of the
supplement shall prevail. The manufacturer and purchaser shall agree upon details of the supplemen-
tary requirements. The manufacturer shall perform the specified tests before shipment of the pump.
S1. Referenced Documents S2.1.5 Type C-2(c)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
2 6962398 “Navy StandardTitanium Close Coupled Pump–8×
S1.1 ASTM Standard:
6×11.”
B473 Specification for UNS N08020, UNS08024, and UNS
S2.1.6 Type C-2(d)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
N08026 Nickel Alloy Bar and Wire
6962399 “Pump, Fire, 250 GPM.”
S1.2 ANSI Standard:
S2.1.7 Type C-2(e)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
S2.19BalanceQualityRequirementsofRigidRotors,Part1:
7014778 “Commercial/Marine Composite Standard Pump (5-
Determination of Permissible Residual Unbalance
875 GPM)”
S1.3 ISO Standard:
281 Rolling Bearings—Dynamic Load Ratings and Rating
S2.1.8 Type C-3—Pumps with impellers between bearings.
Life
S2.1.9 Type C-3(a)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
S1.4 Military Standards:
6397389 “Pump Centrifugal 2000 GPM.”
MIL-STD-167–1 Mechanical Vibrations of Shipboard
S2.2 Requirements—All pumps in accordance with this
Equipment (Type I—Environmental and Type II—Internally
Supplement shall have Fig. S2.1 completed by the purchasing
Excited)
activity.ThepumpsuppliershalluseFig.1ofthisspecification
MIL-STD-740Airborne and Structureborne Noise Measure-
when identifying their pump.
ments and Acceptance Criteria of Shipboard Equipment
MIL-S-901 Shock Tests, H.I. (High Impact) Shipboard
S3. Design Requirements
Machinery, Equipment and Systems, Requirements for
S3.1 Type C-1 and C-2 Pumps:
MIL-C-23233 Couplings for Propulsion Units, Auxiliary
S3.1.1 The design shall be of the single-stage, single-
Turbines and Line Shafts, Naval Shipboard
NAVSEA Technical Publication T9074–AS-GIB-010/271 suction, and volute type.
Requirements for Nondestructive Testing Methods
S3.1.2 Pumps shall have constantly rising head capacity
characteristic curves. Pumps with rated capacities of 50 gal/
S2. Ordering Data
minormoreshallhaveheadcapacitycharacteristiccurvessuch
S2.1 Classification—Pumps shall be of the following that total head at shutoff is not less than 10% above the head
classes:
at rated capacity.
S2.1.1 Type C-1—Pumps with overhung impellers with all
S3.1.3 Forpumpswithclosedimpellers,wearringsshallbe
bearings on the driver side of the impeller.
fitted and shall be secured by means of axially oriented
S2.1.2 Type C-2—Close coupled pumps overhung.
setscrews. Pump out vanes can be used instead of back wear
S2.1.3 Type C-2(a)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
rings when approved by the design agency.
5773203 “Pump, Fire, 750 to 1000 GPM.”
S3.1.4 Pump casing joints shall be made up using com-
S2.1.4 Type C-2(b)—Reference NAVSEA Drawing 803-
pressed sheet gaskets or O-rings.
6962399 “Navy StandardTitanium Close Coupled Pump–6×
S3.2 Type C-3 Pumps:
6 × 15.”
S3.2.1 Pumps shall be capable of parallel operation and
shall have constantly rising head characteristic curves. Each
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
pumpwithatotalheadgagepressureof100psigormoreshall
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
haveacharacteristiccurvesuchthatatconstantratedspeedthe
dodssp.daps.dla.mil.
total head at shutoff will not be less than 10% nor more than
Available from NAVICP-Mechanicsburg, Code 056, 5450 Carlisle Pike,
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055. 20% above total head at rated capacity.
F998−12 (2022)
FIG. S2.1Ordering Data
S3.2.2 The preferred design shall be of the single-stage, casings, and so forth). Dowel pins shall be corrosion resistant
double-suction, and volute type. Two stages may be used if and secured against coming adrift under shock loading.
necessary to provide an acceptable hydraulic design. S3.3.4 Forcing (jacking) bolts shall be provided for ease of
S3.2.3 Removable casing wearing rings shall be fitted in all joint disassembly.
pumps. They shall be designed for anti-rotation. Leakage S3.4 Venting—Pump casing shall be self-venting or be
through the wearing ring clearance shall not impinge directly provided with casing vents.
on the casing. S3.5 Impellers:
S3.2.4 EachType C-3 pump with a total head gage pressure S3.5.1 Impellers shall be keyed on the shaft and held
of100psigorhighershallhaveasyntheticrubbersealbetween securely against axial movement by lock nuts. Other means
the casing wearing ring and casing.The seal may be an O-ring shall be approved by the design review agency.
or flat-face type. S3.5.2 Impellers shall not be furnished with wearing rings.
S3.2.5 Pump casing joints shall be made up using com- Closed impeller hub wearing surfaces shall have sufficient
pressed sheet gaskets. O-rings may be used when approved by material thickness to permit reducing the diameter of the
the design review agency. impeller hubs as much as 0.050 in. to accommodate undersize
S3.2.6 Suction and discharge connections of split case casing wearing rings to restore design running clearances.
pumps shall be on the fixed half casing. S3.5.3 Each metal impeller shall be dynamically balanced
S3.3 Casings: in accordance withANSI S2.19, Grade G6.3. Use a density of
S3.3.1 Casing thickness shall include a minimum ⁄8-in. 0.28lbm/in. tocalculatetheweightofcompositeimpellersfor
allowance for corrosion and core shift. balancing purposes.
S3.3.2 Clearance shall be provided around bolt heads and S3.6 Shafts:
nuts to permit the use of standard tools. S3.6.1 There shall be a maximum shaft deflection of 0.002
S3.3.3 Fitted bolts, dowel pins, or rabbets, or combination in. at stuffing box face calculated at shut-off conditions. Use
thereof,shallbeprovidedtoensurealignmentofallfittedparts hydraulic radial load calculation from Hydraulic Institute
(upperandlowerhalfpumpcasings,bearinghousingstopump (ANSI/HI 1.1-1.5-1994), Paragraph 1.3.3.7.2. Impeller weight
F998−12 (2022)
shall be included in radial load calculation for all horizontal S3.8.7 The maximum critical tolerancing required: axial
pumps.Shaftsleevesshallnotbeusedfordeterminingstiffness shaft movement maximum of 0.010 in. for units using 310 or
of the pump shaft. For overhung impellers, use the inboard smaller bearings and 0.015 in. for units using bearings larger
bearing as a cantilever fixed point to calculate shaft deflection. than 310 (pre-load springs may be used to decrease end-play),
shaft runnout maximum of 0.002-in. TIR at im
...