ASTM A295/A295M-09

Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel

ABSTRACT
This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings. Materials shall conform to chemical compositions as specified herein, and to physical size and shape as agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser. Steels shall exhibit fine fracture grain size when quenched from normal austenitizing temperatures. Decarburization and surface imperfections shall not exceed the limits also specified herein. When annealing is specified in the order, the steel shall adhere to hardness requirements and have a completely spheroidized microstructure, which shall accordingly be rated and reported as carbide size, carbide network, and lamellar content.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2009
• ICS: 77.140.10 - Heat-treatable steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.28 - Bearing and Power Transmission Steels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A295/A295M-05 - Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM A295/A295M-14 - Standard Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D5706-16 - Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7594-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7052/D7052M-17(2022) - Standard Test Method for Determining Impact Resistance of New Low Slope Roof Membranes Using Steel Balls (Z8295Z)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7421-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D7217-22 - Standard Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Solid Bonded Films Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5707-19 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F2511-05(2022) - Standard Specification for Rollers, Bearing, Needle, Ferrous, Solid
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A295/A295M −09
StandardSpecification for
1
High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA295/A295M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 Other Document:
3
ISO 683, Part 17 Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality
steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity,
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
3.1.2 Grade identification,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1.4 Dimensions, and
system shall be used independently of the other.
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Process
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of
A29/A29M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of
Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought
this specification.
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown
cal Analysis of Steel Products
in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
A892 Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the
High Carbon Bearing Steels
steel manufacturer in accordance withTest Methods, Practices,
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
and Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus deter-
Steel
mined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
for the ordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
between manufacturer and purchaser.
Blooms, and Forgings
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, 5.3 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser in
accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology
Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt
Alloys by Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques A751. Permissible variations in product analysis shall be in
accordance with Specification A29/A29M.
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarbur-
ization of Steel Specimens
6. Sizes, Shapes, and Dimensional Tolerances
6.1 The physical size and shape of the material shall be
1 agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6.2 Dimensional tolerances for hot-rolled or hot-rolled and
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
annealed bars, in straight lengths or coils, and cold-finished
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A295/A295M – 05.
bars0.500in.[12.5mm]andlargerindiameterfurnishedunder
DOI: 10.1520/A0295_A0295M-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
the ASTM website. Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A295/A295M − 09
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition
C D
Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni (max) Mo Cu (max) O (max) Al (max)
E
52100 0.93-1.05 0.25-0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 1.35-1.60 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5195 0.90-1.03 0.75-1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.70-0.90 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5090M 0.89-1.01 0.50-0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.40-0.60 0.25 0.08-0.15 0.30 0.0015 0.050
1070M 0.65-0.75 0.80-1.10 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.20 (max) 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5160
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A295/A295M–05 Designation: A295/A295M – 09
Standard Specification for
1
High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA295/A295M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers high-carbon bearing-quality steel to be used in the manufacture of anti-friction bearings.
1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided and when desired shall be so stated in the order.
1.3The1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A29/A29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought, General Requirements for
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A892 Guide for Defining and Rating the Microstructure of High Carbon Bearing Steels
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, Blooms, and Forgings
E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by
Various Combustion and Fusion Techniques
E1077 Test Methods for Estimating the Depth of Decarburization of Steel Specimens
2.2 Other Document:
3
ISO 683, Part 17 Ball and Roller Bearing Steels
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity,
3.1.2 Grade identification,
3.1.3 Specification designation and year of issue,
3.1.4 Dimensions, and
3.1.5 Supplementary requirements, if included.
4. Process
4.1 The steel shall be made by a process that is capable of providing a high quality product meeting the requirements of this
specification.
5. Chemical Composition and Analysis
5.1 Typical examples of chemical compositions are shown in Table 1. Other compositions may be specified.
5.2 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by the steel manufacturer in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and
Terminology A751. The chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1 for the
ordered grade or to other requirements agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys,Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.28 on Bearing Steels.
Current edition approved MarchOct. 1, 2005.2009. Published April 2005.November 2009. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 19982005 as
A295–98.A295/A295M – 05. DOI: 10.1520/A0295_A0295M-059.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A295/A295M – 09
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition
C D
Name C Mn P (max) S (max) Si Cr Ni (max) Mo Cu (max) O (max) Al (max)
E
52100 0.93-1.05 0.25-0.45 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 1.35-1.60 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5195 0.90-1.03 0.75-1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.70-0.90 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5090M 0.89-1.01 0.50-0.80 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.40-0.60 0.25 0.08-0.15 0.30 0.0015 0.050
1070M 0.65-0.75 0.80-1.10 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.20 (max) 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
5160 0.56-0.64 0.75-1.00 0.025 0.015 0.15-0.35 0.70-0.90 0.25 0.10 (max) 0.30 0.0015 0.050
A
Elements not quoted shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchase
...