iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F3358-20

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons

Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice contains the recommendations for minimal informational requirements for the identification of exoskeletons. It is intended to provide the user with some of the basic information necessary for the selection and use of the exoskeletons.  
4.2 Additional information beyond the content recommended by this practice is permitted to be applied to the label.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice sets forth labeling and instruction guidelines for manufacturers of exoskeletons.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2020
ICS
11.180.10 - Aids and adaptation for moving
25.040.30 - Industrial robots. Manipulators
Technical Committee
F48 - Exoskeletons and Exosuits
Drafting Committee
F48.01 - Design and Manufacturing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM F2727-09(2020) - Standard Guide for Manufacturers for Labeling Headgear Products
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

Buy Standard

ASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for ExoskeletonsASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview
REDLINE ASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for ExoskeletonsREDLINE ASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
PreviousNext
Standard
REDLINE ASTM F3358-20 - Standard Practice for Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3358 − 20
Standard Practice for
1
Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3358; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope 2.3 Other Standards:
ISO 7000 / IEC 60417 Graphical symbols for use on
1.1 This practice sets forth labeling and instruction guide-
equipment
lines for manufacturers of exoskeletons.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1 Definitions:
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
3.1.1 accompanying literature, n—printed material or elec-
tion only and are not considered standard.
tronic records that accompanies the product when it is sold or
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
distributed.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 contact information, n—information that allows a user
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to contact the manufacturer of the product, such as name,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
telephone number, and website address.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 date of manufacture, n—uncoded month and four-digit
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
year during which the exoskeleton was manufactured.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Significance and Use
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 This practice contains the recommendations for minimal
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
informational requirements for the identification of exoskel-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
etons. It is intended to provide the user with some of the basic
information necessary for the selection and use of the exoskel-
2. Referenced Documents
etons.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 Additional information beyond the content recom-
F2727 Guide for Manufacturers for Labeling Headgear
mended by this practice is permitted to be applied to the label.
Products
F1301 Practice for Labeling Chemical Protective Clothing
5. Labeling Recommendations
F3392 Practice for Exoskeleton Wearing, Care, and Mainte-
5.1 Each exoskeleton should have a product label perma-
nance Instructions
3
nently and visibly attached, stamped, or printed.
2.2 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations:
21 CFR 890.3480 Powered lower extremity exoskeleton
5.2 Multiple label pieces should be permitted in order to
carry all statements and information on the product label.
1 Instructional manuals and promotional material are not consid-
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F48 on Exoskel-
etons and Exosuits and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F48.01 on ered part of the label.
Design and Manufacturing.
5.3 All label text should be written at least in a language
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020. Published September 2020. Originally
approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F3358 – 18. DOI: which the intended users can understand.
10.1520/F3358-20.
2 5.4 Symbols and other graphical information, such as ISO
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 7000 / IEC 60417 graphical symbols, should be permitted to be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http:// Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
www.access.gpo.gov. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3358 − 20
used to supplement text on the product label(s) and should be 6.3.1 Proper care instructions, including maintenance, solu-
explained in the user documentation materials. tions for common issues or problems, cleaning, inspection
guidelines and frequency, recommended storage practices,
5.5 The label should include at least
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3358 − 18 F3358 − 20
Standard Practice for
1
Labeling and Information for Exoskeletons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3358; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice sets forth labeling and instruction guidelines for manufacturers of exoskeletons.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to
inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F2727 Guide for Manufacturers for Labeling Headgear Products
F1301 Practice for Labeling Chemical Protective Clothing
F3392 Practice for Exoskeleton Wearing, Care, and Maintenance Instructions
3
2.2 U.S. Code of Federal Regulations:
21 CFR 890.3480 Powered lower extremity exoskeleton
4
2.3 Other Standards:
ISO 7000 / IEC 60417 Graphical symbols for use on equipment
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 accompanying literature, n—printed material or electronic records that accompanies the product when it is sold or
distributed.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F48 on Exoskeletons and Exosuits and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F48.01 on Design and
Manufacturing.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018Sept. 1, 2020. Published December 2018September 2020. Originally approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
F3358 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/F3358-18.10.1520/F3358-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.access.gpo.gov.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,
Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3358 − 20
3.1.2 contact information, n—information that allows a user to contact the manufacturer of the product, such as name, telephone
number, and website address.
3.1.3 date of manufacture, n—uncoded month and four-digit year during which the exoskeleton was manufactured.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice contains the recommendations for minimal informational requirements for the identification of exoskeletons. It
is intended to provide the user with some of the basic information necessary for the selection and use of the exoskeletons.
4.2 Additional information beyond the content recommended by this practice is permitted to be applied to the label.
5. Labeling Recommendations
5.1 Each exoskeleton should have a product label permanently and visibly attached, stamped, or printed.
5.2 Multiple label pieces should be permitted in order to carry all statements and information on the product label. Instructional
manuals and promotional material are not considered part of the label.
5.3 All label text should be written at least in a language which the intended users can understand.
5.4 Symbols and other graphical information, such as ISO 7000 / IEC 60417 graphical symbols, should be permitted to be used
to supplement text on the product label(s) and should be explained in the user documentation materials.
1
5.5 The label should include at least the following information. All
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F3576-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Recording the Exoskeleton Test Configuration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton configuration. Exoskeleton tests can also be replicated across similar or different exoskeletons by using this practice to record the exoskeleton test configuration in a standardized way.  
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons have the same capabilities or configuration parameters. For example, for capabilities, an exoskeleton that moves the legs with electromyography during rehabilitation may behave differently in repeated use over time or within different gait courses (for example, straight or curved). For configuration, an exoskeleton that moves the legs with electromyography during rehabilitation may have varying signal gain/amplification settings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton configuration when testing. This practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton hardware and software control parameters.  
1.2 This practice: contextualizes the exoskeleton configuration during a test, including the identification and adjustment of main configuration parameters and the addition of other equipment (for example, cameras, markers) used during tests; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons or tests, or both (for example, varying power or spring settings, prior exoskeleton use, maximum control settings); and allows a test to be recreated.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3584-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Exoskeleton Use: Obstacle Avoidance: Walking

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Obstacles can vary greatly in, for example: length, width, height, quantity, geometry, and for a variety of industries. Fig. 2 shows examples of various obstacles.  
FIG. 2 Example Obstacles in: (a) Road Construction; (b) Warehouse; (c) Manufacturing: Floor; (d) Manufacturing: Overhead; (e) Military Obstacle Course  
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Many tasks involve avoiding obstacles, and may include for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. As there are infinite obstacles and ways that obstacle courses can be designed, this test method addresses obstacle avoidance while walking through a standard set of obstacles. Dependent upon the task, it may require people to traverse various environmental conditions (for example, ground) and avoid obstacles while wearing an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help during construction or in medical facilities where workers in exoskeletons avoid obstacles with and without carrying loads as part of their daily activities. In military, manufacturing, and response areas, exoskeleton users may for example, step over or under, side-step between, or walk around obstacles, or combinations thereof, to perform the task at hand. Variations to obstacle avoidance may include, for example, increased user speed/momentum, load handling, and distractions that may change user performance when avoiding obstacles. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way (see guidance in Appendix X1), how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.  
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance require...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, when avoiding obstacles.  
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational.  
1.1.3 Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to avoid obstacles while walking, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, ascending/descending stairs, crossing gaps and hurdles, balancing on a beam). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this obstacle avoidance task for testing exoskeleton user movement.  
1.1.4 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing; traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, slopes; avoiding obstacles, on various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or within confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements while also allowing test repeatability.  
1.1.5 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods ...

  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3614-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Recording the Exoskeleton User Information

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton user. Exoskeleton test results can be compared across users to determine exoskeleton usefulness, exoskeleton capability for particular users or groups of users, and standardized reporting of user information allows organizations to better replicate tests.  
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons can or have the same fit to all users and therefore may change the exoskeleton capabilities. For example, as users vary in size, shape, gender, etc., an exoskeleton that fits one user may allow an increase or decrease in torque applied to the arms, legs, etc. as compared to another user, especially users at the upper and lower limits of manufacturer-suggested exoskeleton sizing. Another example is that prior surgeries or pain may affect measured exoskeleton performance as the user may, for example, favor use of one limb to another or may move different when tested with the exoskeleton versus without the exoskeleton.  
5.3 Additional user measurement information may be found in the following references:
Note 1: The measurements in these references may not consider measurements of the user when dressed in appropriate clothing (for example, shoes – see 6.3.12 – 6.3.14) that will be worn when using an exoskeleton.  
5.3.1 2012 Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR II6) of U.S. Army Personnel: Methods and Summary Statistics,  
5.3.2 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Resource (CAESAR7) Final Report,  
5.3.3 Tables D6240/D6240M,  
5.3.4 Tables D8077/D8077M,  
5.3.5 Tables D7878/D7878M,  
5.3.6 Tables D6960/D6960M,  
5.3.7 Terminology D5219,  
5.3.8 Tables D8241/D8241M,  
5.3.9 Practice E3003,  
5.3.10 Practice F1731, and  
5.3.11 ISO 7250-1.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton user information when testing. The practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton user: general information, measurements, activity level, experience with exoskeletons, prior injuries, and other pertinent information that may impact exoskeleton testing.  
1.2 This practice is intended to be used with other exoskeleton test methods and practices to provide a clear representation of the exoskeleton user being tested; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons, users, tests, or all three; and allows a test to be recreated.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    17 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3582-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Exoskeleton Use: Gaps

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Traversing gaps is a component of many tasks that someone would do with an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help a worker in building construction where gaps in ground surfaces are prevalent. In the military, and other similar environments, soldiers using exoskeletons may traverse gaps along paths carrying loads. Fig. 1 shows examples of gaps typically found in various environments in which persons using exoskeletons may be required to step over gaps. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton to a given task.  
5.2 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, medical, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. The safety and performance data from these tests are essential to guiding the procurement and deployment decisions of exoskeleton purchasers and users.  
5.3 The standard test setup and apparatus (see Section 6) is specified to be easily fabricated. This facilitates evaluation and replication of gap tests by exoskeleton sectors. The standard test setup and apparatus can also be used to support training (see Practice F3444/F3444M) and to establish proficiency of exoskeleton users, as well as provide manufacturers with information about the usefulness of their exoskeleton(s) for tasks.  
5.4 Although the test method was developed for the sectors lis...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) performance or safety, or both, of usage by the exoskeleton user (see 1.4) for gaps.  
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational. Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to step over gaps, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks. This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this gaps task for testing exoskeleton user movement.  
1.1.3 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing; traversing gaps, stairs, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.  
1.1.4 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This gaps test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure, and apparatuses associated with the test methods challenge speci...

  • Standard
    17 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3613-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Recording the Exoskeleton Fit to the User

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of the information to be recorded in a test report allows for exoskeleton safety and performance to be contextualized with the exoskeleton fit to the user. Exoskeleton tests can also be replicated across similar or different exoskeletons by using this practice to record the exoskeleton fit to the user for a test in a standardized way.  
5.2 Limitations of the practice are that not all exoskeletons have the same connections to the body and fit to all users, and therefore, fit to the user may change the exoskeleton capabilities. For example, as users vary in size, shape, gender, etc., an exoskeleton that is fit to one user may allow an increase or decrease in torque applied to the arms, legs, etc. as compared to another user, especially users at the upper and lower limits of manufacturer-suggested exoskeleton sizing. Another example is that an exoskeleton that is not fit properly to a user may be uncomfortable, and as a result the user may not perform tasks as long, as fast, as strong/delicately, or many other possible outcomes.  
5.3 It is expected that all exoskeleton tests require the exoskeleton to be fit properly to the user according to manufacturer specifications. However, as testing exoskeletons can vary, so can fit to the user, and variations in fit may also be tested. For example, a test may be performed with the exoskeleton not fit properly to the users’ legs (for example, longer fit on shorter legs) to evaluate performance changes when the task requires the user to stand on their toes. Should exoskeleton tests be performed with the exoskeleton not fit properly to the user, the test requestor should verify with the manufacturer that the exoskeleton will not harm the user as a result of a bad fit, and provide this information to the test administrator to record on the test report.  
5.4 Additional fit and measurement information may be found in Terminology D5219, Practice E3003, and Practice F1731.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a means to record the exoskeleton fit to the user when testing. The practice provides a method for recording exoskeleton: alignment to the user, component distances from the body, sizing, and subjective comfort using a standard recording method.  
1.2 This practice is intended to be used with other exoskeleton test methods and practices to provide a clear representation of the exoskeleton fit to the user measured along body planes; provides a basis for comparison of the test circumstances across different exoskeletons or tests, or both; and allows a test to be recreated.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to imperial units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying exoskeleton characteristics while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3583-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Exoskeleton Use: Beams

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Beams and beams with platforms can vary greatly in, for example: length, width, height, quantity, geometry, surface coatings, and for a variety of industries. Fig. 2 shows examples of various beams and beams with platforms.
FIG. 2 Example Beams: (a) Steel Construction Beams; (b) Steel Construction Beam to a Platform; (c) Log Construction Beam; (d) Playground Log Beam; (e) Log Beam across Water; and (f) Balance Beam used for Gymnastics  
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Traversing beams are used in many tasks performed and may include, for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. Dependent upon the task, it may require people to traverse various ground and beam surfaces while wearing an exoskeleton. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help during construction tasks where workers in exoskeletons traverse beams or beams and platforms with and without carrying loads, indoors or outdoors, as part of their daily activities. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way (see guidance in Appendix X1), how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.  
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. Having available direct information from tested exoskeleton(s) with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions is essential to exoskeleton purchasers an...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, when traversing beams.  
1.1.2 Exoskeletons shall possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational.  
1.1.3 Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to traverse beams, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton, is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, ascending/descending stairs, ramps, hills). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this beams task for testing exoskeleton user movement.  
1.1.4 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing, traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, beams, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or combinations thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.  
1.1.5 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This beams test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure,...

  • Standard
    21 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3581-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Exoskeleton Use: Hurdles

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Hurdle designs can vary greatly in, for example: hurdle geometry, surface coatings, and coverings for a variety of industries. Fig. 1 shows examples of various hurdles.  
5.2 Exoskeletons are being used in the industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, and recreational sectors to enhance safety and effectiveness of the user to perform tasks. Hurdles are used in many tasks performed and may include, for example, upper, lower, or full body movement in order to complete the task. For example, an exoskeleton may be used to help rehabilitate a patient who suffered a traumatic injury. And in manufacturing, warehousing, and other occupations, and other similar environments, workers in exoskeletons may traverse hurdles (for example, obstacles) in the walkways while carrying or not carrying loads, indoors or outdoors, as part of their daily activities. The testing results of exoskeletons shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton is able to support tasks within the specified types of environments, confinements, and terrains, and thus provide sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the exoskeleton.  
5.3 This test method addresses exoskeleton safety and performance requirements expressed by manufacturing, emergency responders, military, or other organizations requesting this test. The safety and performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the test exoskeleton’s and the exoskeleton user’s capabilities. Having available direct information from tested exoskeleton(s) with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions is essential to exoskeleton purchasers and users.  
5.4 The testing results of the candidate exoskeleton(s) shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the exoskeleton user is able to negotiate hurdles. The test apparatus described in Section 6 is intended to be a single or set of hurdles where repeatable re...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of exoskeleton use test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate an exoskeleton’s (see Terminology F3323) safety (see 1.4) or performance, or both, for traversing hurdles.  
1.1.2 Exoskeletons possess a certain set of allowable exoskeleton user movement capabilities, including user-motion adaptability, to suit operations such as: industrial/occupational, military, response, medical, or recreational. Environments in these typical sectors often pose constraints to exoskeleton user movement to various degrees. Being able to traverse hurdles, as intended by the user or test requestor, while using an exoskeleton is essential for exoskeleton deployment for a variety of tasks (for example, traversing logs, objects). This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize this hurdles task for testing exoskeleton user movement.  
1.1.3 Exoskeletons need to function as intended, regardless of types of tasks and terrain complexities (for example, carpet, metal, masonry, rock, wood). Required movement capabilities may include, for example: walking, running, crawling, climbing, traversing gaps, hurdles, stairs, slopes, various types of floor surfaces or terrains, or confined spaces, or any combination thereof. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether or not exoskeletons meet these requirements.  
1.1.4 ASTM Subcommittee F48.03 develops and maintains international standards for task performance and environmental considerations that include but are not limited to, standards for safety, quality, and efficiency. This subcommittee aims to develop standards for any exoskeleton application as exemplified as in 1.1.2. The F48.03 test suite consists of a set of test methods for evaluating exoskeleton capability requirements. This hurdles test method is a part of the test suite. The setup, procedure, and apparatuses associated wi...

  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3578-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Evaluating Exoskeleton Fall Risk due to Stumbling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There is strong evidence that exoskeletons can physically augment and assist users. They are typically designed and optimized with specific tasks in mind and initially tested in controlled lab or field settings. However, in the real world exoskeletons encounter less structured environments and situations (for example, hospital rooms, factory floors, construction sites, or even personal homes). In order to accelerate the adoption of exoskeletons in society, understanding their safety in the presence of perturbations is helpful. The testing results of the exoskeleton shall describe the extent to which the exoskeleton improves, inhibits, or maintains a user’s ability to recover from stumbles, thus providing exoskeleton wearers and prescribers (for example, patients, clinicians, industry leaders, factory workers) with additional information about device performance and expectations.  
5.2 The standard test apparatus and setup (see Section 6) is specified to be easily fabricated and implemented in gait or motion analysis laboratories. Variants of the apparatus, control algorithm, and test setup are acceptable to allow implementation in various lab settings with ranging experimental capabilities. The standard test setup and apparatus can also be used to support training and establish proficiency of exoskeleton users, as well as provide manufacturers with information about the performance of their exoskeleton(s) for tasks.
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose:  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to evaluate the extent to which an exoskeleton (see Section 3) improves, inhibits, or maintains (that is, does not affect) a user’s ability to recover from a stumble perturbation.  
1.1.2 Exoskeletons are designed to assist specific tasks and initially tested in controlled lab or controlled field settings. However, in the real world exoskeletons encounter less structured environments and situations (for example, hospital rooms, factory floors, construction sites). Even without exoskeletons people will stumble (that is, trip) or scuff their foot. It would be helpful to understand how wearing an exoskeleton affects a person’s ability to recover from a stumble perturbation. Is one’s ability to recover hampered, enhanced, or unaltered when using an exoskeleton? This test method specifies test setup, procedure, and recording to standardize testing exoskeleton user stumble recovery.  
1.2 Performing Location—This test method shall be performed in a testing laboratory where the specified apparatus and environmental conditions are available and implemented.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are not precise mathematical conversions to inch-pound units. They are close approximate equivalents for the purpose of specifying material dimensions or quantities that are readily available to avoid excessive fabrication costs of test apparatuses while maintaining repeatability and reproducibility of the test method results. These values given in parentheses are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3519-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Establishing a Reporting Structure for Exoskeleton Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide describes a template of written considerations that should be provided by the manufacturer to the purchaser related to the documenting of exoskeleton analysis. Adherence to this guide allows analysis results of varied exoskeleton manufacturers to be compared by a purchaser with respect to their end user needs.  
3.2 Not every element of this guide may be applicable to all exoskeleton components or configurations. It is the manufacturer’s responsibility to determine which portions of this guide are applicable to their exoskeletons for analysis reporting.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a structure for exoskeleton manufacturers to document their analysis. Furthermore, this guide should be used in conjunction with Practice F3474, Guide F3518, Standard Guide for The Application of Ergonomics to Prevent Injury During Exoskeleton Use2 and other future documents.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3474-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Establishing Exoskeleton Functional Ergonomic Parameters and Test Metrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This practice describes what measure should be performed during the near (hours/days), mid (days/weeks), and far (months/years) stages of exoskeleton evaluation (Fig. 1). The functional conditions and metrics with respect to each task method are assessed from the body area(s) impacted by the exoskeleton (for example, upper body, lower body, or both). These may be within as well as distant to the body areas impacted by the exoskeleton (for example, an upper body exoskeleton may have impacts on the trunk and spine). Desired effects as well as unintended encumbrances to the user’s body are important considerations. The evaluation will occur within the context relevant to the end-use application of the exoskeleton’s implementation. This practice pertains to the industry, military, medical, first responders, and recreational domains, but other domains may arise in the future and will need to be considered. Each domain is unique unto itself; however, the task methods and metrics collected may be unique or overlap across any number of user domains.
FIG. 1 Exoskeleton Assessment Decision Tree  
2.2 Task methods and their metrics are either administered in a laboratory environment, field environment, or both laboratory and field environments. Where not otherwise specified, patient functional outcome measures and pain are key metrics that should be considered for testing performed in the medical domain. Exoskeleton producers or researchers, or both, may also want to consider different types of imaging such as X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine imaging. Additionally, exoskeleton producers or researchers, or both, may also wish to carry out neuroimaging such as, but not limited to, structural and functional and diffusion MRI, magnetoencephalography (MEG), electroencephalography (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET), or near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to understand the cognitive and neurophysiol...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a recommended approach and a set of options for assessing one or more specific ergonomic parameters with respect to human users of exoskeletons.  
1.2 This practice provides functional ergonomic criteria to consider for the design, production, and evaluation of exoskeletons within the domains of industry, military, medical, first responders, and recreational. When designing exoskeletons, natural unassisted human kinematics and kinetics, as well as the resulting strain and fatigue experienced by the user should be salient design parameters. Any changes in the natural unassisted human kinematics and kinetics may impact the exoskeleton’s effectiveness in augmenting user performance. Therefore, the defining principle of this practice is to establish objective measures that can be selected from to assess human kinematics and kinetics, as well as the resulting strain and fatigue experienced by the user within the task context of the exoskeleton’s end use application.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off