ASTM E1237-20
(Guide)Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
Standard Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Methods and procedures used in installing bonded resistance strain gages can have significant effects upon the performance of those sensors. Optimum and reproducible detection of surface deformation requires appropriate and consistent strain gage and bonding technique selection, surface preparation, procedures for gage installation and adhesive use, lead wire connection, validation of operation, and protective coating application.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for installing bonded resistance strain gages. It is not intended to be used for bulk or diffused semiconductor gages. This guide pertains only to adhesively bonded strain gages.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1237 − 20
Standard Guide for
1
Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope* Color Code of Terminal Connections; August 16, 1984.
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for installing bonded
3. Terminology
resistance strain gages. It is not intended to be used for bulk or
3.1 Thetermsaccuracy,gagefactor,lot,andtypeareusedas
diffused semiconductor gages. This guide pertains only to
defined in Terminology E6. In addition, the following terms
adhesively bonded strain gages.
common to strain gages from Terminology E6 are defined.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 Definitions: Definitions of terms common to mechanical
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
testing:
standard.
3.2.1 lead wire, n—for strain gages, an electrical conductor
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
used to connect a strain gage to its instrumentation.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.3.1 bonded resistance strain gage—a resistive element
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
with a carrier that is attached by bonding to the base material
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
so that the resistance of the element will vary as the surface of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
the base material to which it is attached is deformed.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.3.1.1 Discussion—For a complete explanation of this term
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
see Test Methods E251.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3.2 resistance strain gage bridge—a common Wheatstone
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
bridge made up of strain gages used for the measurement of
small changes of resistance produced by a strain gage, where
2. Referenced Documents
the strain gages are wired in the following configuration (see
2
also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2):
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing Arm 1 between + excitation and − signal
Arm 2 between − excitation and − signal
E251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Me-
Arm 3 between + signal and − excitation
tallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
Arm 4 between + signal and + excitation
2.2 Other Standards:
3.3.2.1 Discussion—In this standard, the term “strain gage
ANSI/SEM 1-1984; Standard for Portable Strain-Indicating
bridge” is equivalent to resistance strain gage bridge.
Instruments—Designation of Strain Gage Bridge and
3.3.3 strain gage, n—Theterm“straingage”isequivalentto
the longer, but more accurate, “bonded resistance strain gage.”
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical
4. Significance and Use
Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.01 on Calibration of
Mechanical Testing Machines and Apparatus.
4.1 Methods and procedures used in installing bonded
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2020. Published September 2020. Originally
resistance strain gages can have significant effects upon the
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E1237 – 93 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/E1237-20. performance of those sensors. Optimum and reproducible
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1237 − 20
5.4 A two- or three-element rosette strain gage should be
used unless the strain state is unquestionably uniaxial. A
single-element strain gage may be selected to measure the
strainduet
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1237 − 93 (Reapproved 2014) E1237 − 20
Standard Guide for
1
Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1237; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for installing bonded resistance strain gages. It is not intended to be used for bulk or diffused
semiconductor gages. This documentguide pertains only to adhesively bonded strain gages.
1.2 The values stated in inch-poundSI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered No other units of measurement are included
in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gages
2.2 Other Standards:
ANSI/SEM 1-1984; Standard for Portable Strain-Indicating Instruments—Designation of Strain Gage Bridge and Color Code
3
of Terminal Connections; August 16, 1984.
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms accuracy, gage factor, lot, and type are used as defined in Terminology E6. In addition, the following terms common
to strain gages from Terminology E6 are defined.
3.2 Definitions: Definitions of terms common to mechanical testing:
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.01 on Calibration of Mechanical
Testing Machines and Apparatus.
Current edition approved April 15, 2014Aug. 15, 2020. Published August 2014September 2020. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as E1237E1237 – 93 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/E1237-93R14.10.1520/E1237-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1237 − 20
3.2.1 lead wire, n—for strain gages, an electrical conductor used to connect a strain gage to its instrumentation.
3.3 Definitions:Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.3.1 lead wire—bonded resistance strain gage—an electrical conductor used to connect a sensor to its instrumentation.a resistive
element with a carrier that is attached by bonding to the base material so that the resistance of the element will vary as the surface
of the base material to which it is attached is deformed.
3.3.1.1 Discussion—
For a complete explanation of this term see Test Methods E251.
3.3.2 resistance strain gage bridge—a common
WheatsoneWheatstone bridge made up of strain gages used for the measurement of small changes of resistance produced by a
strain gage, where the strain gages may be are wired in the following configuration (see also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2):
Arm 1 between + excitation and − signal
Arm 2 between − excitation and − signal
Arm 3 between + signal and − excitation
Arm 4 between + signal and + excitation
3.3.2.1 Discussion—
In this standard, the term “strain gage bridge” is equivalent to resistance strain gage bridge.
3.
...
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