ASTM F477-10

Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe

ABSTRACT
This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity, low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal. Tensile strength, elongation, hardness, compression set, accelerated aging, water immersion, ozone resistance, and force decay shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets) used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity, low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.  
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Mar-2010
• ICS: 23.040.80 - Seals for pipe and hose assemblies
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.20 - Joining

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F477-08 - Standard Specification for Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D3212-21 - Standard Specification for Joints for Drain and Sewer Plastic Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric Seals
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F894-19 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Large Diameter Profile Wall Sewer and Drain Pipe
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F3536-22 - Standard Specification for PE and PP Mechanical Fittings for use on NPS 3 or Smaller Cold-water Service Polyethylene (PE) or Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe or Tubing
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2649-14(2023) - Standard Specification for Corrugated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Grease Interceptor Tanks
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F1901-22 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Roof Drain Systems
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2306/F2306M-21 - Standard Specification for 300 mm to 1500 mm [12 in. to 60 in.] Annular Corrugated Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Gravity-Flow Storm Sewer and Subsurface Drainage Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F1760-16(2020) - Standard Specification for Coextruded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Non-Pressure Plastic Pipe Having Reprocessed-Recycled Content
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D2321-20 - Standard Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pipe for Sewers and Other Gravity-Flow Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D3840-19 - Standard Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe Fittings for Nonpressure Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2763/F2763M-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Dual and Triple Profile-Wall Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Sanitary Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2737-11(2021) - Standard Specification for Corrugated High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Water Quality Units
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D3034-23 - Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer Pipe and Fittings
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010
• Referred By: ASTM C1903-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Duct Bank
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:F477 −10 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Specification for
1
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF477;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope* Cracking (Withdrawn 2007)
D573Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
1.1 This specification covers elastomeric seals (gaskets)
Oven
used to seal the joints of plastic pipe used for gravity,
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
low-pressure, and high-pressure applications. This refers to
D1149TestMethodsforRubberDeterioration—Crackingin
push-onjointswhichrequirenointernalorexternalpressureto
an Ozone Controlled Environment
effect the initial seal.
D1229Test Method for Rubber Property—Compression Set
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber
at Low Temperatures
gaskets, or a combination of both.
D1349Practice for Rubber—Standard Temperatures for
Testing
1.3 Thetextofthisspecificationreferencesnotes,footnotes,
D1414Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D1415Test Method for Rubber Property—International
notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
Hardness
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
D1566Terminology Relating to Rubber
1.4 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
ness
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
F913Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals
and are not considered standard.
(Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the 2.2 NSF Standards:
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
Standard No. 14for Plastic Piping Components and Related
4
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Materials
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Standard No. 61for Drinking Water Systems Components-
4
of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and
Health Effects
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
3. Terminology
limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—Terms relating to rubber or elastomer shall
2. Referenced Documents
beasdefinedinTerminologyD1566.Termsrelatingtoplastics
2
shall be as defined in Terminology D883.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D395Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression Set
4. Composition and Manufacture
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
4.1 All gaskets shall be extruded or molded in such a
tic Elastomers—Tension
mannerthatanycrosssectionwillbedense,homogeneous,and
D471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
free of porosity, blisters, pitting, or other defects that make
D518 Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface
them unfit for the use intended. The gasket shall be fabricated
from a high-grade elastomer material. The basic polymer shall
be natural rubber, synthetic rubber, a blend of both, or a
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
thermoplastic elastomer, meeting the requirements prescribed
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
in Sections 5 and 6.
Current edition approved March 15, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
F477–08. DOI: 10.1520/F0477-10.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
the ASTM website. Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F477−10
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements for Thermoplastic Elastomeric
4.2 Where a splice is used in the manufacture of the gasket,
Seals for Plastic Pipe
thestrengthshallbesuchthatthegasketshallwithstand100%
Low-Head High-Head
elongationoverthepartofthegasketwhichincludesthesplice
Application Application
with no visible separation of the splice. While in a stretched
(Below 150 (150 kPa or
posi
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:F477–08 Designation: F477 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF477;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverselastomericseals(gaskets)usedtosealthejointsofplasticpipeusedforgravity,low-pressure,and
high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both. Note1—Oil-resistant gaskets are
available for those applications where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the gasket manufacturer for
recommendations.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes
and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression Set
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension
D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liquids
D518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface Cracking
D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air Oven
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
D1229 Test Method for Rubber PropertyCompression Set at Low Temperatures
D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures for Testing
D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
D1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternational Hardness
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness
F913 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
2.2 NSF Standards:
3
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials
3
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components-Health Effects
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F477–07. DOI:
10.1520/F0477-08.
Current edition approved March 15, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F477–08. DOI:
10.1520/F0477-10.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F477 – 10
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—TermsrelatingtorubberorelastomershallbeasdefinedinTerminologyD1566.Termsrelatingtoplasticsshall
be as defined in Terminology D883.
4. Composition and Manufacture
4.1All4.1 Allgasketsshallbeextrudedormoldedinsuchamannerthatanycrosssectionwillbedense,homogeneous,andfree
of porosity, blisters, pitting, or other defects that make them unfit for the use intended. The gasket shall be fabricated from a
high-grade elastomer
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:F477–08 Designation: F477 – 10
Standard Specification for
1
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF477;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thisspecificationcoverselastomericseals(gaskets)usedtosealthejointsofplasticpipeusedforgravity,low-pressure,and
high-pressure applications. This refers to push-on joints which require no internal or external pressure to effect the initial seal.
1.2 Requirements are given for natural or synthetic rubber gaskets, or a combination of both. Note1—Oil-resistant gaskets are
available for those applications where exposure to solvents or oil may occur. The user should contact the gasket manufacturer for
recommendations.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes
and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D395 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyCompression Set
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic ElastomersTension
D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liquids
D518 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface Cracking
D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air Oven
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
D1229 Test Method for Rubber PropertyCompression Set at Low Temperatures
D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Temperatures for Testing
D1414 Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
D1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternational Hardness
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D2240 Test Method for Rubber PropertyDurometer Hardness
F913 Specification for Thermoplastic Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe
2.2 NSF Standards:
3
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related Materials
3
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components-Health Effects
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.20 on Joining.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F477–07. DOI:
10.1520/F0477-08.
Current edition approved March 15, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally published as approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F477–08. DOI:
10.1520/F0477-10.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F477 – 10
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—TermsrelatingtorubberorelastomershallbeasdefinedinTerminologyD1566.Termsrelatingtoplasticsshall
be as defined in Terminology D883.
4. Composition and Manufacture
4.1All4.1 Allgasketsshallbeextrudedormoldedinsuchamannerthatanycrosssectionwillbedense,homogeneous,andfree
of porosity, blisters, pitting, or other defects that make them unfit for the use intended. The gasket shall be fabricated from a
high-grade elastomer
...