ASTM D1002-99

Standard Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent shear strengths of adhesives for bonding metals when tested on a standard single-lap-joint specimen and under specified conditions of preparation and test.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are considered to be the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2001
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: D14 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1002-01 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5868-01(2023) - Standard Test Method for Lap Shear Adhesion for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Bonding
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3930-08(2023) - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Wood-Based Materials for Construction of Manufactured Homes
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1183-03(2019) - Standard Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic Laboratory Aging Conditions
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1338-99(2021) - Standard Practice for Working Life of Liquid or Paste Adhesives by Consistency and Bond Strength
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1800-21 - Standard Specification for Adhesive for Bonding Foam Cored Sandwich Panels (160 °F Elevated Humidity Service), Type I Panels
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E1794-22a - Standard Specification for Adhesive for Bonding Foam Cored Sandwich Panels (200 °F Elevated Humidity Service), Type II Panels
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1780-05(2020) - Standard Practice for Conducting Creep Tests of Metal-to-Metal Adhesives
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2294-96(2016) - Standard Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2295-96(2016) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures (Metal-to-Metal)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3658-01(2016) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Torque Strength of Ultraviolet (UV) Light-Cured Glass/Metal Adhesive Joints
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D896-04(2017) - Standard Practice for Resistance of Adhesive Bonds to Chemical Reagents
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4896-01(2016) - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F2468-05(2019) - Standard Classification for Specifying Silicone Adhesives and Sealants for Transportation Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2557-98(2017) - Standard Test Method for Tensile-Shear Strength of Adhesives in the Subzero Temperature Range from −267.8 to −55°C (−450 to −67°F)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1002 – 99
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively
Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to-
Metal)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1002; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
The accuracy of the results of strength tests of adhesive bonds will depend on the conditions under
which the bonding process is carried out. Unless otherwise agreed upon by the manufacturer and the
purchaser, the bonding conditions shall be prescribed by the manufacturer of the adhesive. In order to
ensure that complete information is available to the individual conducting the tests, the manufacturer
of the adhesive shall furnish numerical values and other specific information for each of the following
variables:
(1) Procedure for preparation of surfaces prior to application of the adhesive, the cleaning and
drying of metal surfaces, and special surface treatments such as sanding that are not specifically
limited by the pertinent test method.
(2) Complete mixing directions for the adhesive.
(3) Conditions for application of the adhesive, including the rate of spread or thickness of film,
number of coats to be applied, whether to be applied to one or both surfaces, and the conditions of
drying where more than one coat is required.
(4) Assembly conditions before application of pressure, including the room temperature, relative
humidity, length of time, and whether open or closed assembly is to be used.
(5) Curing conditions, including the amount of pressure to be applied, the length of time under
pressure, method of applying pressure (pressure bag, press platens, etc.), heat-up rate, and the
temperature of the assembly when under pressure. It should be stated whether this temperature is that
of the bondline or of the atmosphere at which the assembly is to be maintained.
(6) Conditioning procedure before testing, unless a standard procedure is specified, including the
length of time, temperature, and relative humidity.
A range may be prescribed for any variable by the manufacturer of the adhesive if it can be assumed
by the test operator that any arbitrarily chosen value within such a range, or any combination of such
values for several variables will be acceptable to both the manufacturer and the purchaser of the
adhesive.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the appar-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are considered to be the
ent shear strengths of adhesives for bonding metals when tested
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
on a standard single-lap-joint specimen and under specified
only.
conditions of preparation and test.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2. Referenced Documents
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
A 109 Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon, Cold-Rolled
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
Bonding Adhesives.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published December 1999. Originally
published as D 1002 – 49 T. Last previous edition D 1002 – 94. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1002
B 36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, and 5. Apparatus
Rolled Bar
5.1 The testing machine shall conform to the requirements
B 152 Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and
of Practice E 4. The testing machine shall be so selected that
Rolled Bar
the breaking load of the specimens falls between 15 and 85
B 209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
perc
Sheet and Plate
ent of the full-scale capacity. The machine shall be capable
B 265 Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip,
of maintaining a rate of loading of 80 to 100 kg/cm (1200 to
Sheet, and Plate
1400 psi)/min, or, if the rate is dependent on crosshead motion,
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
the machine should be set to approach this rate of loading,
D 4896 Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-
approximately 0.05 in./min. It shall be provided with a suitable
Joint Specimen Test Results
pair of self-aligning grips to hold the specimen. It is recom-
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
mended that the jaws of these grips shall engage the outer 25
mm (1 in.) of each end of the test specimen firmly.
3. Terminology
5.2 The grips and attachments shall be so constructed that
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
they will move into alignment with the test specimen as soon
in Terminology D 907.
as the load is applied, so that the long axis of the test specimen
4. Significance and Use
will coincide with the direction of the applied pull through the
center line of the grip assembly.
4.1 This test method is primarily comparative. However, it
5.3 The length of overlap of the specimen may be varied
does have application as a discriminator in determining varia-
where necessary. The length of the specimen in the jaws,
tions in adherend surface preparation parameters and adhesive
however, must not be varied. The distance from the end of the
environmental durability. The test method has found applica-
lap to the end of the jaws should be 63 mm (2 ⁄2 in.) in all tests.
tions in controlling surface preparations, primer, and adhesive
systems for determining strength properties of tested systems.
6. Test Specimens
4.2 The misuse of strength values obtained from this test
6.1 Test specimens shall conform to the form and dimen-
method as design-allowable stress values for structural joints
sions shown in Fig. 1. These shall be cut from test panels
could lead to product failure, property damage, and human
prepared as prescribed in Section 7. The recommended thick-
injury. The apparent shear strength of an adhesive obtained
ness of the sheets is 1.62 6 0.125 mm (0.064 6 0.005 in.). The
from a given small single-lap specimen may differ from that
recommended length of overlap for most metals of 1.62 mm
obtained from a joint made with different adherends or by a
(0.064 in.) in thickness is 12.7 6 0.25 mm (0.5 6 0.01 in.).
different bonding process. The normal variation of temperature
6.2 Since it is undesirable to exceed the yield point of the
and moisture in the service environment causes the adherends
metal in tension during test, the permissible length of overlap
and the adhesive to swell or shrink. The adherends and
in the specimen will vary with the thickness and type of metal,
adhesive are likely to have different thermal and moisture
and on the general level of strength of the adhesive being
coefficients of expansion.
investigated. The maximum permissible length may be com-
4.3 Even in small specimens, short-term environmental
puted from the following relationship:
changes may induce internal stresses or chemical changes in
the adhesive that permanently affect the apparent strength and L 5 Fty t/t (1)
other mechanical properties of the adhesive. The problem of
where:
predicting joint behavior in a changing environment is even
L 5 length of overlap, in.,
more difficult if a different type of adherend is used in a larger
t 5 thickness of metal, in.,
structural joint than w
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