ASTM D8036-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Dimer Ratio in Pure MDI
Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Dimer Ratio in Pure MDI
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to determine the dimer ratio of Pure MDI.
5.2 Uretidinedione begins forming in Pure MDI with the rate of formation increasing with increasing temperature. High levels can affect the appearance of Pure MDI and the quality of products made from it.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the ratio of the infrared absorbance of uretidinedione (dimer) in methylene-4,4’- di(phenylisocyanate) to an infrared absorbance at a reference wavelength within the same material. It is applicable to monomeric methylene-di(phenylisocyanate), or “Pure MDI,” containing 95 % or greater methylene-4,4’-di(phenylisocyanate).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2016
- Technical Committee
- D20 - Plastics
- Drafting Committee
- D20.22 - Cellular Materials - Plastics and Elastomers
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2019
- Effective Date
- 15-Apr-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2018
- Effective Date
- 15-Aug-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2011
- Effective Date
- 15-May-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2008
Overview
ASTM D8036-16 is the globally recognized standard issued by ASTM International for assessing polyurethane raw materials. Specifically, it provides the standard test method for determining the dimer ratio - the content of uretidinedione (dimer) - in pure methylene-4,4'-di(phenylisocyanate) (MDI), commonly referred to as "Pure MDI." By utilizing Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, this method delivers a reliable approach for both research and quality control in the manufacture and evaluation of polyurethane products. Ensuring proper dimer content is crucial, as elevated levels can negatively affect material appearance and product performance.
Key Topics
- Scope: The method is specifically applicable to monomeric Pure MDI with a methylene-4,4’-di(phenylisocyanate) concentration of 95% or higher.
- Significance: Dimer formation increases with temperature and can alter the quality of finished polyurethane goods. Monitoring is, therefore, essential for consistent quality.
- Method Overview:
- Utilizes FTIR spectroscopy for analysis.
- Measures the ratio of absorbances at the dimer-specific region (approx. 1778 cm⁻¹) to a reference wavelength (approx. 1900 cm⁻¹).
- Requires high-purity solvents and controlled sampling to avoid contamination, particularly from moisture.
- Safety and Handling: MDI isocyanates are hazardous and require strict adherence to safety guidelines, including the use of personal protective equipment and proper laboratory conditions.
Applications
ASTM D8036-16 is widely utilized in several key scenarios:
- Quality Control in Manufacturing: Ensures that batches of Pure MDI meet industry standards for dimer content, supporting uniform polyurethane product quality.
- Research and Development: Facilitates the investigation of dimer formation kinetics under different conditions, helping optimize storage and handling protocols.
- Supplier and Regulatory Compliance: Provides a consistent benchmark for suppliers and customers to verify the specification and quality of raw materials.
- Product Performance Assessment: Identifies potential causes for product appearance defects or performance irregularities related to excess dimer content.
Utilizing this standard helps manufacturers, suppliers, and researchers detect and control the dimer ratio in Pure MDI, reducing product recalls, improving reliability, and ensuring regulatory compliance.
Related Standards
The following ASTM standards and documents are commonly referenced alongside ASTM D8036-16:
- ASTM D883 - Terminology Relating to Plastics: Provides standardized terms important for interpreting test results and procedures.
- ASTM E691 - Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method: Assists with evaluating the reproducibility of test results in different lab settings.
At the time of publication, there is no known ISO equivalent for ASTM D8036-16, making it the principal international reference for the determination of dimer ratios in Pure MDI.
Keywords: ASTM D8036-16, Pure MDI, dimer ratio, uretidinedione, FTIR, polyurethane raw material, quality control, methylene-4,4’-di(phenylisocyanate), infrared spectroscopy, plastics testing
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D8036-16 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Dimer Ratio in Pure MDI". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to determine the dimer ratio of Pure MDI. 5.2 Uretidinedione begins forming in Pure MDI with the rate of formation increasing with increasing temperature. High levels can affect the appearance of Pure MDI and the quality of products made from it. SCOPE 1.1 This test method determines the ratio of the infrared absorbance of uretidinedione (dimer) in methylene-4,4’- di(phenylisocyanate) to an infrared absorbance at a reference wavelength within the same material. It is applicable to monomeric methylene-di(phenylisocyanate), or “Pure MDI,” containing 95 % or greater methylene-4,4’-di(phenylisocyanate). 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality control to determine the dimer ratio of Pure MDI. 5.2 Uretidinedione begins forming in Pure MDI with the rate of formation increasing with increasing temperature. High levels can affect the appearance of Pure MDI and the quality of products made from it. SCOPE 1.1 This test method determines the ratio of the infrared absorbance of uretidinedione (dimer) in methylene-4,4’- di(phenylisocyanate) to an infrared absorbance at a reference wavelength within the same material. It is applicable to monomeric methylene-di(phenylisocyanate), or “Pure MDI,” containing 95 % or greater methylene-4,4’-di(phenylisocyanate). 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
ASTM D8036-16 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.040.10 - Latex and raw rubber. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D8036-16 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D883-24, ASTM D883-23, ASTM D883-20, ASTM D883-19c, ASTM D883-19a, ASTM D883-19, ASTM D883-18a, ASTM D883-18, ASTM D883-17, ASTM E691-13, ASTM D883-12e1, ASTM E691-11, ASTM D883-11, ASTM E691-08, ASTM D883-08. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D8036-16 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8036 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Dimer Ratio
in Pure MDI
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8036; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope absorbance ratio of the peak maximum at approximately 1778
–1
cm , corresponding to the carbonyls present in uretidinedione,
1.1 This test method determines the ratio of the infrared
to the para-substituted ring combination peak maximum at
absorbance of uretidinedione (dimer) in methylene-4,4’- di-
–1
approximately 1900 cm is calculated.
(phenylisocyanate) to an infrared absorbance at a reference
wavelength within the same material. It is applicable to
5. Significance and Use
monomeric methylene-di(phenylisocyanate), or “Pure MDI,”
containing 95 % or greater methylene-4,4’- 5.1 This test method can be used for research or for quality
di(phenylisocyanate).
control to determine the dimer ratio of Pure MDI.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Uretidinedione begins forming in Pure MDI with the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rate of formation increasing with increasing temperature. High
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
levels can affect the appearance of Pure MDI and the quality of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
products made from it.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
6.1 Spectrometer—A Fourier-Transform infrared spectrom-
2. Referenced Documents
eter accurate to 0.2 % transmission and capable of resolving
2 –1
2.1 ASTM Standards: the dimer peak maximum at approximately 1778 cm and
–1
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics reference peak maximum at approximately 1900 cm .
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
6.2 Cell, sealed sodium chloride (NaCl) liquid absorption
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
cell with 0.5-mm path length.
6.3 Glassware, 25-mL, glass-stoppered, volumetric flask
3. Terminology
and an all-glass syringe.
3.1 Terminology in this test method is in accordance with
Terminology D883.
7. Reagents and Materials
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Use reagent grade chemicals in all
3.2.1 dimer, n—uretidinedione, with the structure in Fig. 1,
tests. Unless otherwise noted, all reagents conform to the
is an undesirable reaction product of two or more isocyanate
specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the
groups.
American Chemical Society where such specifications are
available. It is acceptable to use other grades, provided it is
4. Summary of Test Method
ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to
4.1 The infrared spectrum of a dichloromethane solution of
permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determi-
–1
the sample is recorded in the 1600 to 2000 cm region. The
nation.
7.2 Dichloromethane, reagent grade.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials -
Plastics and Elastomers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016. Published May 2016. DOI: 10.1520/ Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
D8036-16. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
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D8036 − 16
FIG. 1 Dime
...
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