iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F1737/F1737M-23

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems

Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide provides information, procedures, and requirements for management and operation of dispersant spray application equipment (boom and nozzle systems) in oil spill response.  
3.2 This guide provides information on requirements for storage and maintenance of dispersant spray equipment and associated materials.  
3.3 This guide will aid operators in ensuring that a dispersant spray operation is carried out in an effective manner.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers considerations for the maintenance, storage, and use of oil spill dispersant application systems.  
1.2 This guide is applicable to spray systems employing booms and nozzles and not to other systems such as fire monitors or single-point spray systems.  
1.3 This guide is applicable to systems employed on ships or boats and helicopters or airplanes.  
1.4 This guide is applicable to temperate weather conditions and may not be applicable to freezing conditions.  
1.5 This guide is one of five related to dispersant application systems. Guide F1413/F1413M covers design, Practice F1460/F1460M covers calibration, Test Method F1738 covers deposition, Guide F1737 covers the use of the systems, and Guide F2465/F2465M covers the design and specification for single-point spray systems. Familiarity with all five standards is recommended.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
28-Feb-2023
ICS
13.030.30 - Special wastes
Technical Committee
F20 - Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response
Drafting Committee
F20.13 - Treatment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM F2465/F2465M-20 - Standard Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Single-point Spray Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

Buy Standard

ASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle SystemsASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
PreviousNext
Guide
ASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
English language
5 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview
REDLINE ASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle SystemsREDLINE ASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
PreviousNext
Guide
REDLINE ASTM F1737/F1737M-23 - Standard Guide for Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
English language
5 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1737/F1737M − 23
Standard Guide for
Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During
1
Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1737/F1737M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide covers considerations for the maintenance, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
storage, and use of oil spill dispersant application systems. F1413/F1413M Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application
Equipment: Boom and Nozzle Systems
1.2 This guide is applicable to spray systems employing
F1460/F1460M Practice for Calibrating Oil Spill Dispersant
booms and nozzles and not to other systems such as fire
Application Equipment Boom and Nozzle Systems
monitors or single-point spray systems.
F1738 Test Method for Determination of Deposition of
1.3 This guide is applicable to systems employed on ships
Aerially Applied Oil Spill Dispersants
or boats and helicopters or airplanes.
F2465/F2465M Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application
Equipment: Single-point Spray Systems
1.4 This guide is applicable to temperate weather conditions
and may not be applicable to freezing conditions. F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of
Dispersant Use
1.5 This guide is one of five related to dispersant application
systems. Guide F1413/F1413M covers design, Practice F1460/
3. Significance and Use
F1460M covers calibration, Test Method F1738 covers
3.1 This guide provides information, procedures, and re-
deposition, Guide F1737 covers the use of the systems, and
quirements for management and operation of dispersant spray
Guide F2465/F2465M covers the design and specification for
application equipment (boom and nozzle systems) in oil spill
single-point spray systems. Familiarity with all five standards
response.
is recommended.
3.2 This guide provides information on requirements for
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
storage and maintenance of dispersant spray equipment and
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
associated materials.
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.
3.3 This guide will aid operators in ensuring that a disper-
Combining values from the two systems may result in non- sant spray operation is carried out in an effective manner.
conformance with the standard.
4. Background to the Use of Dispersants and Spray
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Systems
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Primary Considerations:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1.1 Use of dispersants, particularly in a specific area, may
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
be subject to regulatory approval. Net Environmental Benefit
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Analysis is used for dispersant decision-making (Guide
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
F2532). Dispersant response is for use in the early stages of a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
spill; so, it is strongly recommended that a pre-approval
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
mechanism, or rapid approval, be part of response planning.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1.2 Nature of Oil Slick(s) to Be Treated:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1.2.1 The effectiveness of dispersants is dependent (as-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
suming proper application) on two factors; the oil composition
and the sea surface energy. The primary factor is the oil
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
F20.13 on Treatment. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F1737/F1737M – 19. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/F1737_F1737M-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1737/F1737M − 19 F1737/F1737M − 23
Standard Guide for
Use of Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment During
1
Spill Response: Boom and Nozzle Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1737/F1737M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers considerations for the maintenance, storage, and use of oil spill dispersant application systems.
1.2 This guide is applicable to spray systems employing booms and nozzles and not to other systems such as fire monitors or
single-point spray systems.
1.3 This guide is applicable to systems employed on ships or boats and helicopters or airplanes.
1.4 This guide is applicable to temperate weather conditions and may not be applicable to freezing conditions.
1.5 This guide is one of five related to dispersant application systems. Guide F1413/F1413M covers design, Practice
F1460/F1460M covers calibration, Test Method F1738 covers deposition, Guide F1737 covers the use of the systems, and Guide
F2465/F2465M covers the design and specification for single-point spray systems. Familiarity with all five standards is
recommended.
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1413/F1413M Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Boom and Nozzle Systems
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.13
on Treatment.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019March 1, 2023. Published August 2019March 2023. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20152019 as
F1713/F1713M – 15.F1737/F1737M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/F1737_F1737M-19.10.1520/F1737_F1737M-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1737/F1737M − 23
F1460/F1460M Practice for Calibrating Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment Boom and Nozzle Systems
F1738 Test Method for Determination of Deposition of Aerially Applied Oil Spill Dispersants
F2465/F2465M Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Single-point Spray Systems
F2532 Guide for Determining Net Environmental Benefit of Dispersant Use
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This guide provides information, procedures, and requirements for management and operation of dispersant spray application
equipment (boom and nozzle systems) in oil spill response.
3.2 This guide provides information on requirements for storage and maintenance of dispersant spray equipment and associated
materials.
3.3 This guide will aid operators in ensuring that a dispersant spray operation is carried out in an effective manner.
4. Background to the Use of Dispersants and Spray Systems
4.1 Primary Considerations:
4.1.1 Use of dispersants, particularly in a specific area, may be subject to regulatory approval. Net Environmental Benefit Analysis
is used for dispersant decision-making (Guide F2532). Dispersant response is for use in the early stages of a spill; so, it is strongly
recommended that a rapid approv
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E1368-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Visual Inspection of Asbestos Abatement Projects

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice applies to response actions for all types of asbestos-containing materials, including surfacing materials, thermal systems insulation, and miscellaneous materials, whether friable or not, regardless of the quantities involved and the reason for conducting the response action.  
5.1.1 Abatement for the purpose of removing asbestos-containing materials or encapsulating or enclosing them, regardless of the engineering controls and work practices used, requires performance of visual inspections as described in this practice.  
5.1.2 Operations and maintenance (O&M) activities, such as removal, encapsulation, or enclosure of asbestos-containing materials incidental to repair or replacement of a component, clean-up of debris from a fiber release episode, or other preventive measures, require the performance of visual inspections as described in this practice. See Managing Asbestos in Place7 and Guidance Manual.  
5.1.3 This practice applies to response actions performed under a contract from the building owner, as well as to work performed by the building owner's staff.  
5.2 The specific objectives of the visual inspection process before, during, and at the conclusion of an asbestos abatement project are: to review the extent of asbestos-containing material (ACM) within the scope of work, to monitor performance of the work, and to verify if visible residue, dust or debris, or unremoved material are absent at the completion of removal and clean-up activities.  
5.2.1 The visual inspection process is used to evaluate all four aspects of an asbestos abatement project as follows:
5.2.1.1 Extent of ACM within Scope of Work—The building survey which is intended to locate and quantify asbestos-containing materials is not properly called a “visual inspection” within the context of this practice. To define the extent of ACM involved, a building survey is a necessary prelude to the first step of the visual inspection process. The building survey, which ma...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for performing visual inspections of asbestos response actions to:  
1.1.1 Establish the extent of the required work before it begins;  
1.1.2 Determine the progress and quality of the work and evaluate the completeness of the response action; and  
1.1.3 Evaluate the cleanliness of the work area prior to final air testing for clearance (if performed), and subsequent to dismantling of critical barriers.  
1.2 This practice can be used on an abatement project, or for operations and maintenance (O&M) work, performed by the building owner's staff. It can also be used in conjunction with contract documents between the building owner and other parties involved in an abatement project.
Note 1: Standard contract documents (such as AIA and EJCDC documents) define contractual relationships and responsibilities for projects within the construction industry. Asbestos abatement projects differ from traditional construction projects in the manner of their design and execution, as well as in the type and level of oversight required to substantiate their successful completion. Non-traditional responsibilities are given to the building owner, project designer, and abatement contractor by this practice. Furthermore, responsibilities related to project oversight, inspections, and approvals are placed upon an additional non-traditional representative of the building owner; the project monitor, as defined by this practice. All parties are cautioned that the subject authorities and corresponding responsibilities be understood, mutually agreed upon, and correspondingly addressed with appropriate modifications, if necessary, to the contract documents for a specific project.  
1.3 This practice provides the following information:  
1.3.1 The objectives of the visual inspection process;  
1.3.2 The responsibilities and qualifications of the individuals involved in the visual inspections;  
1.3.3 The...

  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    16 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5530-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Total Moisture of Hazardous Waste Fuel by Karl Fischer Titrimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The determination of total moisture is important for assessing the fuel quality. Water content will affect the heating value of fuels directly and can contribute to instability in the operation of an industrial furnace or adversely impact performance in other applications. Additionally, high water content can present material handling and storage problems during winter months or in cold environments.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by Karl Fischer (KF) titrimetry of total moisture in solid or liquid hazardous waste fuels used by industrial furnaces.  
1.2 This test method has been used successfully on numerous samples of hazardous waste fuel composed of solvents, spent oils, inks, paints, and pigments. The range of applicability for this test method is between 1.0 and 100 %; however, this evaluation was limited to samples containing approximately 5 to 50 % water.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5830-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Solvents Analysis in Hazardous Waste Using Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful in identifying the common solvent constituents in hazardous waste samples. This test method is designed to support field or site assessments, recycling operations, plant operations, or pollution control programs.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the presence of the following compounds in waste samples using gas chromatography. This test method is intended for use as a screening method with a typical reporting level of 0.1 %.    
Dichodifluoromethane  
Tetrahydrofuran  
Trichlorofluoromethane  
Acetone  
1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-
trifluoroethane  
Methyl Ethyl Ketone
MIBK  
Methanol  
Cyclohexanone  
Ethanol  
Ethyl Acetate  
Isopropanol  
Propyl Acetate  
n-Propanol  
Butyl Acetate  
Isobutanol  
Benzene  
n-Butanol  
Toluene  
tert-Butanol  
Ethylbenzene  
Methylene Chloride  
Xylenes  
Chloroform  
Styrene  
Carbon Tetrachloride  
Chlorobenzene  
1,1-Dichloroethane  
Dichlorobenzenes  
1,2-Dichloroethane  
Nitrobenzene  
1,2-Dichloropropane  
Fluorobenzene  
1,1-Dichloroethylene  
n-Propyl Benzene    
1,2-Dichloroethene  
Isopropyl Benzene  
1,1,1-Trichloroethane  
Isobutyl Benzene  
Tetrachloroethylene  
n-Butyl Benzene    
Trichloroethylene  
2-Ethoxyethanol  
Tetrachloroethane  
2-Butoxyethanol  
Cyclopentane  
2-Ethoxyethanol Acetate  
Pentane  
2-Methoxyethanol  
Hexane  
Bromoform  
Heptane  
Carbitol  
Cyclohexane  
Ethyl Ether  
Isooctane  
1,4-Dioxane  
Nitropropane  
Diacetone Alcohol  
Ethanolamine  
Acetonitrile  
Nitromethane  
Pyridine  
Ethylene Chloride  
Toluidine  
Benzyl Chloride  
Ethylene Glycol  
Propylene Glycol  
1.1.1 This compound list is a compilation of hazardous solvents and other constituents that are commonly seen in hazardous waste samples.  
1.2 The scope of this test method may be expanded to include other volatile and semivolatile organic constituents such as but not limited to those described below, provided the intended use data quality objectives including sampling, recovery, and analytic data quality are demonstrated as satisfied by the user.  
1.2.1 Hydrocarbon mixtures such as kerosene and mineral spirits.  
1.2.2 High-boiling organics, defined here as compounds which boil above n-Hexadecane.  
1.2.3 Other organics that the analyst is able to identify, either through retention time data or gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6160-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Waste Materials by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides sufficient PCB data for many regulatory requirements. While the most common regulatory level is 50 ppm (dry weight corrected), lower limits are used in some locations. Since sensitivities will vary for different types of samples, one shall demonstrate a sufficient method detection limit for the matrix of interest.  
5.2 This test method differs from Test Method D4059 in that it provides for more sample clean-up options, utilizes a capillary column for better pattern recognition and interference discrimination, and includes both a qualitative screening and a quantitative results option.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers a two-tiered analytical approach to PCB screening and quantitation of liquid and solid wastes, such as oils, sludges, aqueous solutions, and other waste matrices.  
1.2 Tier I is designed to screen samples rapidly for the presence of PCBs.  
1.3 Tier II is used to determine the concentration of PCBs, typically in the range of from 2 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg. PCB concentrations greater than 50 mg/kg are determined through analysis of sample dilutions.  
1.4 This is a pattern recognition approach, which does not take into account individual congeners that might occur, such as in reaction by-products. This test method describes the use of Aroclors3 1016, 1221, 1232, 1242, 1248, 1254, 1260, 1262, and 1268, as reference standards, but others could also be included. Aroclors 1016 and 1242 have similar capillary gas chromatography (GC) patterns. Interferences or weathering are especially problematic with Aroclors 1016, 1232, and 1242 and may make distinction between the three difficult.  
1.5 This test method provides sample clean up and instrumental conditions necessary for the determination of Aroclors. Gas chromatography (GC) using capillary column separation technique and electron capture detector (ECD) are described. Other detectors, such as atomic emission detector (AED) and mass spectrometry (MS), may be used if sufficient performance (for example, sensitivity) is demonstrated. Further details about the use of GC and ECD are provided in Practices E355, E697, and E1510.  
1.6 Quantitative results are reported on the dry weights of waste samples.  
1.7 Quantification limits will vary depending on the type of waste stream being analyzed.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1682-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Characterization of Spent Nuclear Fuel in Support of Interim Storage, Transportation and Geologic Repository Disposal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In order to demonstrate conformance to regulatory requirements and support the post-closure repository performance assessment information is required about the attributes, characteristics, and behavior of the SNF. These properties of the SNF in turn support the transport, interim storage, and repository pre-closure safety analyses, and repository post-closure performance assessment. In the United States, the interim dry storage of commercial LWR SNF is regulated per the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 72, which requires that the cladding must not sustain during the interim storage period any “gross” damage sufficient to release fuel from the cladding into the container environment. In other countries, the appropriate governing body will set regulations regarding interim dry storage of commercial LWR SNF. However, cladding damage insufficient to allow the release of fuel during the interim storage period may still occur in the form of small cracks or pinholes that can develop into much larger defects. These cracks/pinholes could be sufficient to classify the fuel as “failed fuel” or “breached fuel” per the definitions given in Section 3 for repository disposal purposes, because they could allow contact of water vapor or liquid with the spent fuel matrix and thus provide a pathway for radionuclide release from the waste form. Therefore SNF characterization should be adequate to determine the amount of “failed fuel” for either usage as required. This could involve the examination of reactor operating records, ultrasonic testing, sipping, and analysis of the residual water and drying kinetics of the spent fuel assemblies or canisters.  
5.2 Regulations in each country may contain constraints and limitations on the chemical or physical (or both) properties and long-term degradation behavior of the spent fuel and HLW in the repository. Evaluating the design and performance of the waste form (WF), waste packaging (WP), and the rest of the engineered barrie...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance for the types and extent of testing that would be involved in characterizing the physical and chemical nature of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in support of its interim storage, transport, and disposal in a geologic repository. This guide applies primarily to commercial light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel and spent fuel from weapons production, although the individual tests/analyses may be used as applicable to other spent fuels such as those from research reactors, test reactors, molten salt reactors and mixed oxide (MOX) spent fuel. The testing is designed to provide information that supports the design, safety analysis, and performance assessment of a geologic repository for the ultimate disposal of the SNF.  
1.2 The testing described includes characterization of such physical attributes as physical appearance, weight, density, shape/geometry, degree, and type of SNF cladding damage. The testing described also includes the measurement/examination of such chemical attributes as radionuclide content, microstructure, and corrosion product content, and such environmental response characteristics as drying rates, oxidation rates (in dry air, water vapor, and liquid water), ignition temperature, and dissolution/degradation rates. Not all of the characterization tests described herein must necessarily be performed for any given analysis of SNF performance for interim storage, transportation, or geological repository disposal, particularly in areas where an extensive body of literature already exists for the parameter of interest in the specific service condition.  
1.3 It is assumed in formulating the SNF characterization activities in this guide that the SNF has been stored in an interim storage facility at some time between reactor discharge and dry transport to a repository. The SNF may have been stored either wet (for example, a spent fuel pool), or dry (for example, an independent spent f...

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6232-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Although many technical papers address topics important to efficient and accurate sampling investigations (DQOs, study design, QA/QC, data assessment; see Guides D4687, D5730, D6009, D6051, and Practice D5283), the selection and use of appropriate sampling equipment is assumed or omitted.  
5.2 The choice of sampling equipment can be crucial to the task of collecting a sample appropriate for the intended use.  
5.3 When a sample is collected, all sources of potential bias should be considered, not only in the selection and use of the sampling device, but also in the interpretation and use of the data generated. Some major considerations in the selection of sampling equipment for the collection of a sample are listed below:  
5.3.1 The ability to access and extract from every relevant location in the target population,  
5.3.2 The ability to collect a sufficient mass of sample such that the distribution of particle sizes in the population are represented, and  
5.3.3 The ability to collect a sample without the addition or loss of constituents of interest.  
5.4 The characteristics discussed in 5.3 are particularly important in investigations when the target population is heterogeneous, such as when particle sizes vary, liquids are present in distinct phases, a gaseous phase exists, or materials from different sources are present in the population. The consideration of these characteristics during the equipment selection process will enable the data user to make appropriate statistical inferences about the target population based on the sampling results.  
5.5 If samples are to be collected for the determination of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), all sampling equipment should be made of fluorine-free materials. Other considerations for PFAS sampling may exist but are beyond the scope of this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers criteria which should be considered when selecting sampling equipment for collecting environmental and waste samples for waste management activities. This guide includes a list of equipment that is used and is readily available. Many specialized sampling devices are not specifically included in this guide. However, the factors that should be weighed when choosing any piece of equipment are covered and remain the same for the selection of any piece of equipment. Sampling equipment described in this guide includes automatic samplers, pumps, bailers, tubes, scoops, spoons, shovels, dredges, coring, augering, passive, and vapor sampling devices. The selection of sampling locations is outside the scope of this guide.  
1.1.1 Table 1 lists selected equipment and its applicability to sampling matrices, including water (surface and ground), sediments, soils, liquids, multi-layered liquids, mixed solid-liquid phases, and consolidated and unconsolidated solids. The guide does not specifically address the collection of samples of any suspended materials from flowing rivers or streams. Refer to Guide D4411 for more information.  
1.2 Table 2 presents the same list of equipment and its applicability for use based on compatibility of sample and equipment; volume of the sample required; physical requirements such as power, size, and weight; ease of operation and decontamination; and whether it is reusable or disposable.  
1.3 Table 3 provides the basis for selection of suitable equipment by the use of an index.  
1.4 Lists of advantages and disadvantages of selected sampling devices and line drawings and narratives describing the operation of sampling devices are also provided.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard. ...

  • Guide
    44 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    44 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1750-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Development, Verification, Validation, and Documentation of Simulants for Hazardous Materials and Process Streams

SCOPE
1.1 Intent:  
1.1.1 The intent of this guide is to provide general considerations for the development, verification, validation, and documentation of tank simulants for hazardous materials (for example, radioactive wastes) and process streams. Due to the expense and hazards associated with obtaining and working with actual hazardous materials, especially radioactive wastes, simulants are used in a wide variety of applications including process and equipment development and testing, equipment acceptance testing, and plant commissioning. This standard guide facilitates a consistent methodology for development, preparation, verification, validation, and documentation of simulants.  
1.2 This guide provides direction on (1) defining simulant use, (2) defining simulant-design requirements, (3) developing a simulant preparation procedure, (4) verifying and validating that the simulant meets design requirements, and (5) documenting simulant-development activities and simulant preparation procedures.  
1.3 Applicability:  
1.3.1 This guide is intended for persons and organizations tasked with developing simulants to either mimic certain characteristics and properties of hazardous materials or provide representative performance for the phenomenon being evaluated. The process for simulant development, verification, validation, and documentation is shown schematically in Fig. 1. Specific approval requirements for the simulant developed under this guide are not provided. This topic is left to the performing organization. Approval requirements are associated with the design of the simulant, makeup procedures, and final simulant produced.
FIG. 1 Simulant Development, Verification, Validation, and Documentation Flowsheet  
1.3.2 While this guide is directed at simulants for radioactive materials (for example, nuclear waste), the guidance is also applicable to other aqueous based solutions and slurries.  
1.3.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This guide is not a substitute for sound chemistry and chemical engineering skills, proven practices and experience. It is not intended to be prescriptive but rather to provide considerations for the development and use of simulants.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    15 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1752-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measuring Physical and Rheological Properties of Radioactive Solutions, Slurries, and Sludges

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Measurements performed in this guide are limited to radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges as well as simulants designed to model the properties of these radioactive materials.  
5.2 Data obtained from the measurement and calculation of physical and rheological properties of radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges are essential in developing appropriate simulants for design and testing of retrieval, transport, mixing, and storage systems for treatment of radioactive materials. Details on methods to develop representative simulants are provided in the Guide C1750. These data also provide input parameters for modeling the flow behavior, processing, transport, safety, and storage of these radioactive materials.  
5.3 Consistency in the handling of samples, measurement methods, and calculations is essential in obtaining reproducible results of rheological and physical property measurements.  
5.4 This guide will be used to measure or calculate the physical properties listed below:  
5.4.1 Settled solids density.  
5.4.2 Bulk slurry density.  
5.4.3 Centrifuged solids density.  
5.4.4 Supernatant density.  
5.4.5 Settling rate.  
5.4.6 Volume percent centrifuged solids.  
5.4.7 Volume percent settled solids after settling.  
5.4.8 Undissolved solids content.  
5.4.9 Dissolved solids content.  
5.4.10 Weight percent centrifuged solids.  
5.4.11 Weight percent total oxides.  
5.4.12 Solids content of the centrifuged solids.  
5.4.13 Total solids content.  
5.5 This guide describes the process of performing measurement of the rheological properties. The rheological measurements and calculations described in this guide are limited to shear strength, shear stress versus shear rate, apparent viscosity, consistency, and yield stress.  
5.6 Due to the nature of some solutions, slurries, and sludges, not all of the measurements described in this standard may be applicable to all samples. For example, some sludges do not settle; therefore, settlin...
SCOPE
1.1 Intent:  
1.1.1 The intent of this guide is to provide guidance for the measurement and calculation of physical and rheological properties of radioactive solutions, slurries, and sludges as well as simulants designed to model the properties of these radioactive materials.  
1.2 Applicability:  
1.2.1 This guide is intended for measurement of mass and volume of the solution, slurries, and sludges as well as dissolved solids content in the liquid fraction and solids content associated with the slurries and sludges. Particle size distribution is also measured.  
1.2.2 This guide identifies the data required and the equations recommended for calculation of density (bulk, settled solids, supernatant, and centrifuged solids), settling rate, volume and weight percent of the centrifuged solids and settled solids, and the weight percent undissolved solids, dissolved solids, and total oxides.  
1.2.3 This guide is intended for measurement of shear strength and shear stress as a function of shear rate.  
1.2.4 Rheological property measurement guidelines in this guide are limited to rotational rheometers.  
1.2.5 This guide is limited to measurements of viscous and incipient flow and does not include oscillatory rheometry.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical...

  • Guide
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6050-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Insoluble Solids in Organic Liquid Hazardous Waste

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A high percentage of insoluble, suspended solid material can create pumping, filtering, or grinding difficulties in the off-loading of bulk shipments of OLHW and can contribute to excessive wear on processing equipment. High solids can also decrease the quality and consistency of commingled solutions by decreasing the effectiveness of agitation in storage tanks. These issues are of concern to the recycling industries (solvents, paints, and other materials handled in significant quantities) in addition to those activities that propose to use the waste as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate amount of insoluble, suspended solid material in organic liquid hazardous waste (OLHW).  
1.2 This test method is intended to be used in approximating the amount of insoluble, suspended solids in determining the material-handling characteristics and fuel quality of OLHW. It is not intended to replace more sophisticated procedures for the determination of total solids.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C1285-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods provide data useful for evaluating the chemical durability (see 3.1.5) of glass waste forms as measured by elemental release. Accordingly, it may be applicable throughout manufacturing, research, and development.  
5.1.1 Test Method A can specifically be used to obtain data to evaluate whether the chemical durability of glass waste forms have been consistently controlled during production (see Table 1).  
5.1.2 Test Method B can specifically be used to measure the chemical durability of glass waste forms under various test conditions, for example, varying test durations, test temperatures, sample surface area (SA)-to-leachant volume (V) ratios (see Appendix X1), and leachant types (see Table 1). Data from this test may form part of the larger body of data that are necessary in the logical approach to long-term prediction of waste form behavior (see Practice C1174).
SCOPE
1.1 These product consistency Test Methods A and B provide a measure of the chemical durability of homogeneous glasses, phase separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, multiphase glass ceramic waste forms, or combinations thereof, hereafter collectively referred to as “glass waste forms” by measuring the concentrations of the chemical species released to a test solution under carefully controlled conditions.  
1.1.1 Test Method A is a seven-day chemical durability test performed at 90 ± 2 °C in a leachant of ASTM-Type I water. The test method is static and conducted in stainless steel vessels. The stainless steel vessels require a gasket to remain leak-tight (see Note 1) The stainless steel vessels are considered to be “closed system” tests. Test Method A can specifically be used to evaluate whether the chemical durability and elemental release characteristics of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed glass waste forms have been consistently controlled during production. This test method is applicable to radioactive and simulated glass waste forms as defined above.  
Note 1: TFE-fluorocarbon gaskets, available commercially, are acceptable and chemically inert up to radiation doses of 1 × 105 R of beta or gamma radiation which have been shown not to damage TFE-fluorocarbon. If higher radiation doses are anticipated, special gaskets fabricated from metals such as copper, gold, lead, or indium are recommended.  
1.1.2 Test Method B is a durability test that allows testing at various test durations, test temperatures, particle size and masses of glass sample, leachant volumes, and leachant compositions. This test method is static and can be conducted in stainless steel or PFA TFE-fluorocarbon vessels. The stainless steel vessels are considered to be “closed system” while the PFA TFE-fluorocarbon vessels are considered to be “open system” tests. Test Method B can specifically be used to evaluate the relative chemical durability characteristics of homogeneous glasses, phase separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, or multiphase glass ceramic waste forms, or combinations thereof. This test method is applicable to radioactive (nuclear) and mixed, hazardous, and simulated glass waste forms as defined above. Test Method B cannot be used as a consistency test for production of high level radioactive glass waste forms.  
1.2 These test methods must be performed in accordance with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with ...

  • Standard
    27 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    27 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off