ASTM A319-71(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts
Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-Pressure Containing Parts
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic pots, and metal melting pots.
Note 1--This specification is general, covering cast irons normally used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400oF (760oC). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only, unless low stresses are involved.
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specification are as follows:
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal shock,
1.2.2 Class II,possessing average resistance to thermal shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths above 30000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than either Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40000 psi (276 MPa) may be expected).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: A 319 – 71 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Elevated Temperatures for Non-
Pressure Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 319; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope resistance to thermal shock, and strength requirements are
unnecessary. For applications in which a strength requirement
1.1 This specification covers three classes of gray iron
is essential, room temperature tensile strengths may be speci-
suitable for castings exposed to temperatures encountered in
fied up to those prescribed for Class 40 in Specification A 48.
such service as grate bars, stoker links, stoker parts, oil still
furnace parts, firebox parts, ingot molds, glass molds, caustic
5. Machinability
pots, and metal melting pots.
5.1 All machinable castings shall be limited in hardness at
NOTE 1—This specification is general, covering cast irons normally
such locations on the castings as designated by the purchaser.
used for the above types of service, at temperatures as high as 1400°F
The maximum hardness at the locations on castings that are to
(760°C). It is not intended to imply that all three classes are suitable
be machined shall be a matter of agreement between the
throughout this entire temperature range without regard to actual service
manufacturer and the purchaser.
stresses. Some are suitable for long service at the lower temperatures only,
unless low stresses are involved.
6. Chemical Composition
1.2 The three classes of gray iron covered by this specifi-
6.1 It is the intention of this specification to classify these
cation are as follows:
irons in accordance with their carbon content equivalent
1.2.1 Class I, possessing superior resistance to thermal
calculated as follows:
shock,
Carbon content equivalent 5 C 1 0.3 ~Si 1 P! (1)
1.2.2 Class II, possessing average resistance to thermal
shock and a moderately good tensile strength (tensile strengths
where:
above 30 000 psi (207 MPa) may be expected), and
C = carbon content, %,
1.2.3 Class III, possessing a higher tensile strength than
Si = silicon content, %, and
either Classes I or II (tensile strengths as high as 40 000 psi
P = phosphorus content, %,
(276 MPa) may be expected).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
6.2 The carbon content equivalent and the minimum carbon
as the standard.
content for the various classes shall be as prescribed inTable 1.
Table 2 prescribes the allowable silicon ranges predicated on
2. Referenced Documents
the basis of various permissible carbon contents. It is recom-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
mended that embrittling impurities be held to the following
A 48 Specification for Gray Iron Castings
maximum limits:
Phosphorus, max, % 0.60
3. Manufacture
Sulfur, max, % 0.15
3.1 The melting procedure shall be optional with the
6.3 The three basic classes may be alloyed with chromium.
foundry.
When chromium is present as an alloying element, each class
shall be subdivided into types designated as follows:
4. Physical Requirements
Type Chromium, %
4.1 Some of the gray cast irons described in this specifica-
A 0.20–0.40
tion are deliberately made of a soft, low-strength iron for
B 0.41–0.65
C 0.66–0.95
D 0.96–1.20
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on Iron
6.4 All irons may be alloyed to increase the strength and to
CastingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA04.01onGrayandWhite
Iron Castings.
improve and stabilize the structure for elevated-temperature
Current edition effective Oct. 25, 1971. Originally issued 1948. Replaces
service. The alloying elements, which, in addition to chro-
A319 – 53.
2 mium, are commonly added to improve these properties, are
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
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