ASTM D7337/D7337M-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Tensile Creep Rupture of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars
Standard Test Method for Tensile Creep Rupture of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method for investigating creep rupture of FRP bars is intended for use in laboratory tests in which the principal variable is the size or type of FRP bars, magnitude of applied force, and duration of force application. Unlike steel reinforcing bars or prestressing tendons subjected to significant sustained stress, creep rupture of FRP bars may take place below the static tensile strength. Therefore, the creep rupture strength is an important factor when determining acceptable stress levels in FRP bars used as reinforcement or tendons in concrete members designed to resist sustained loads. Creep rupture strength varies according to the type of FRP bars used.
5.2 This test method measures the creep rupture time of FRP bars under a given set of controlled environmental conditions and force ratios.
5.3 This test method is intended to determine the creep rupture data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. The primary test result is the million-hour creep rupture capacity of the specimen.
5.4 Creep properties of reinforced, post-tensioned, or prestressed concrete structures are important to be considered in design. For FRP bars used as reinforcing bars or tendons, the creep rupture shall be measured according to the method given herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method outlines requirements for tensile creep rupture testing of fiber reinforced polymer matrix (FRP) composite bars commonly used as tensile elements in reinforced, prestressed, or post-tensioned concrete.
1.2 Data obtained from this test method are used in design of FRP reinforcements under sustained loading. The procedure for calculating the one-million hour creep-rupture capacity is provided in Annex A1.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D7337/D7337M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Creep Rupture of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix
1
Composite Bars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7337/D7337M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
1.1 This test method outlines requirements for tensile creep
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
rupture testing of fiber reinforced polymer matrix (FRP)
Force Application
composite bars commonly used as tensile elements in
reinforced, prestressed, or post-tensioned concrete.
3. Terminology
1.2 Data obtained from this test method are used in design
3.1 Terminology in D3878 defines terms relating to high-
of FRPreinforcements under sustained loading. The procedure
modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology in D883
for calculating the one-million hour creep-rupture capacity is
defines terms relating to plastics. Terminology in E6 defines
provided in Annex A1.
terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminology in E456
defines terms relating to statistics and the selection of sample
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
sizes. In the event of a conflict between terms, Terminology in
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
D3878 shall have precedence over the other terminology
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
standards.
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
3.2.1 anchor, n—a protective device placed on each end of
standard.
a bar, between the bar and the grips of the tensile testing
apparatus, to prevent grip-induced damage. Usually used on
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
bars with irregular surfaces, as opposed to flat strips where
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bonded tabs are more typical.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 anchoring section, n—the end parts of the specimen
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
where an anchor is fitted to transmit the forces from the testing
apparatus to the test section.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.3 bar, n—a linear element, often with surface undula-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions or a coating of particles that promote mechanical inter-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
lock with concrete.
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
3.2.4 creep, n—time-dependent deformation (or strain) un-
D5229/D5229M Test Method for MoistureAbsorption Prop-
der sustained force (or stress).
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
3.2.5 creep rupture, n—material failure caused by sustained
Composite Materials
force (or stress) over time.
D7205/D7205M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Fiber
Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars
3.2.6 creep rupture capacity, n—the force at which failure
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines occurs after a specified period of time from initiation of a
sustainedforce.Thepredictedforcecausingfailureat1million
hours is referred to as the million-hour creep rupture capacity.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
This capacity is determined by the method described in the
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.10 on
Composites for Civil Structures. Annex.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally
3.2.7 creep rupture strength, n—the stress causing failure
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D7337/D7337M – 07.
after a specified period of time from initiation of a sustained
DOI: 10.1520/D7337_D7337M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
force.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.2.8 creep rupture time, n—the lapsed time between the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. start of a sustained force and failure of the test specimen.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D7337/D7337M − 12
3.2.9 failure, n—rupture of the bar under test into two 5.3 Thi
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7337/D7337M − 07 D7337/D7337M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Creep Rupture of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix
1
Composite Bars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7337/D7337M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method outlines requirements for tensile creep rupture testing of fiber reinforced polymer matrix (FRP) composite
bars commonly used as tensile elements in reinforced, prestressed, or post-tensioned concrete.
1.2 Data obtained from this test method are used in design of FRP reinforcements under sustained loading. The procedure for
calculating the one-million hour creep-rupture capacity is provided in Annex A1.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
D7205/D7205M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite Bars
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force
Application
3. Terminology
3.1 Terminology in D3878 defines terms relating to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology in D883 defines
terms relating to plastics. Terminology in E6 defines terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminology in E456 defines terms
relating to statistics and the selection of sample sizes. In the event of a conflict between terms, Terminology in D3878 shall have
precedence over the other terminology standards.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 anchor, n—a protective device placed on each end of a bar, between the bar and the grips of the tensile testing apparatus,
to prevent grip-induced damage. Usually used on bars with irregular surfaces, as opposed to flat strips where bonded tabs are more
typical.
3.2.2 anchoring section, n—the end parts of the specimen where an anchor is fitted to transmit the forces from the testing
apparatus to the test section.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.10 on Composites
for Civil Structures.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007Sept. 1, 2012. Published September 2007December 2012. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as
D7337/D7337M – 07. DOI: 10.1520/D7337_D7337M-07.10.1520/D7337_D7337M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7337/D7337M − 12
3.2.3 bar, n—a linear element, often with surface undulations or a coating of particles that promote mechanical interlock with
concrete.
3.2.4 creep, n—time-dependent deformation (or strain) under sustained force (or stress).
3.2.5 creep rupture, n—material failure caused by sustained force (or stress) over time.
3.2.6 creep rupture capacity, n—the force at which failure occurs after a specified period of time from initiation of a sustained
force. The predicted force causing failure at 1 million hours is referred to as the million-hour creep rupture capacity. This capacity
is determined by t
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