ASTM D6300-14
(Practice)Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 ASTM test methods are frequently intended for use in the manufacture, selling, and buying of materials in accordance with specifications and therefore should provide such precision that when the test is properly performed by a competent operator, the results will be found satisfactory for judging the compliance of the material with the specification. Statements addressing precision and bias are required in ASTM test methods. These then give the user an idea of the precision of the resulting data and its relationship to an accepted reference material or source (if available). Statements addressing determinability are sometimes required as part of the test method procedure in order to provide early warning of a significant degradation of testing quality while processing any series of samples.
5.2 Repeatability and reproducibility are defined in the precision section of every Committee D02 test method. Determinability is defined above in Section 3. The relationship among the three measures of precision can be tabulated in terms of their different sources of variation (see Table 1).
5.2.1 When used, determinability is a mandatory part of the Procedure section. It will allow operators to check their technique for the sequence of operations specified. It also ensures that a result based on the set of determined values is not subject to excessive variability from that source.
5.3 A bias statement furnishes guidelines on the relationship between a set of test results and a related set of accepted reference values. When the bias of a test method is known, a compensating adjustment can be incorporated in the test method.
5.4 This practice is intended for use by D02 subcommittees in determining precision estimates and bias statements to be used in D02 test methods. Its procedures correspond with ISO 4259 and are the basis for the Committee D02 computer software, Calculation if Precision Data: Petroleum Test Methods. The use of this practice replaces that of Res...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the development of estimates of precision (determinability, repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and relative), and further presents the standard phraseology for incorporating such information into standard test methods.
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous products with which serious sampling problems do not normally arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin waxes, greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such instances, use Practice E691 or consult a trained statistician.
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Designation: D6300 − 14 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Practice for
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
2
Both Research Report RR:D02-1007, Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods
2
on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the ISO 4259, benefitted greatly from more than 50 years
of collaboration betweenASTM and the Institute of Petroleum (IP) in the UK. The more recent work
was documented by the IP and has become ISO 4259.
ISO 4259 encompasses both the determination of precision and the application of such precision
2
data. In effect, it combines the type of information in RR:D02-1007 regarding the determination of
the precision estimates and the type of information in Practice D3244 for the utilization of test data.
2
Thefollowingpractice,intendedtoreplaceRR:D02-1007, differsslightlyfromrelatedportionsofthe
ISO standard.
1. Scope* D3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine
Conformance with Specifications
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and
D3606 Test Method for Determination of Benzene and
planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the
Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas
development of estimates of precision (determinability,
Chromatography
repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
relative), and further presents the standard phraseology for
Determine Conformance with Specifications
incorporating such information into standard test methods.
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous prod-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
ucts with which serious sampling problems do not normally
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
arise.
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid ISO 4259 Petroleum Products-Determination and Applica-
4
products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin
tion of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
waxes, greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous
3. Terminology
properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such
instances, use Practice E691 or consult a trained statistician.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 analysis of variance (ANOVA), n—a procedure for
2. Referenced Documents
dividing the total variation of a set of data into two or more
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
parts, one of which estimates the error due to selecting and
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
testing specimens and the other part(s) possible sources of
added variation. D123
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum 3.1.2 bias, n—the difference between the population mean
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
of the test results and an accepted reference value. E456
mittee D02.94 on Coordinating Subcommittee on QualityAssurance and Statistics.
3.1.3 bias, relative, n—the difference between the popula-
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved
in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D6300 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/
tion mean of the test results and an accepted reference value,
D6300-14.
which is the agreed upon value obtained using an accepted
2
Supporting data have been filed atASTM International Headquarters and may
reference method for measuring the same property.
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1007.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue de
the ASTM website. Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6300 − 14
3.1.4 degrees of freedom, n—the divisor used in the calcu- time. It is defined as the difference between two such results at
2
lation of variance. the 95 % confidence level. RR:D02–1007
3.1.4.1 Discussion—This definition applies strictly only in
3.1.11.1 Discussion—Interpret as the
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6300 − 13a D6300 − 14 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test
1
Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
2
Both Research Report RR:D02-1007, Manual on Determining Precision Data for ASTM Methods
2
on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the ISO 4259, benefitted greatly from more than 50 years
of collaboration between ASTM and the Institute of Petroleum (IP) in the UK. The more recent work
was documented by the IP and has become ISO 4259.
ISO 4259 encompasses both the determination of precision and the application of such precision
2
data. In effect, it combines the type of information in RR:D02-1007 regarding the determination of
the precision estimates and the type of information in Practice D3244 for the utilization of test data.
2
The following practice, intended to replace RR:D02-1007, differs slightly from related portions of the
ISO standard.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the necessary preparations and planning for the conduct of interlaboratory programs for the
development of estimates of precision (determinability, repeatability, and reproducibility) and of bias (absolute and relative), and
further presents the standard phraseology for incorporating such information into standard test methods.
1.2 This practice is generally limited to homogeneous products with which serious sampling problems do not normally arise.
1.3 This practice may not be suitable for solid or semisolid products such as petroleum coke, industrial pitches, paraffin waxes,
greases, or solid lubricants when the heterogeneous properties of the substances create sampling problems. In such instances, use
Practice E691 or consult a trained statistician.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
D3606 Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatog-
raphy
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 ISO Standards:
4
ISO 4259 Petroleum Products-Determination and Application of Precision Data in Relation to Methods of Test
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.94 on Coordinating Subcommittee on Quality Assurance and Statistics.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013May 1, 2014. Published December 2013July 2014. Originally approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
D6300 – 13.D6300 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/D6300-13A.10.1520/D6300-14.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1007.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1 rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6300 − 14
3.1.1 analysis of variance (ANOVA), n—a procedure for dividing the total variation of a set of data into two or more parts, one
of which estimates the error due to selecting and testing specimens and the other part(s) possible sources of added variation. D123
3.1.2 bias, n—the difference between the population mean of the test results and an accepted reference value. E456
3.1.3 bias, relative, n—the difference between the population mean of the test results and an accepted reference value, which
is the agreed up
...
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