ASTM E514-02
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method provides a procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration and leakage through unit masonry subjected to wind-driven rain.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement see Section 5.
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Designation: E 514 – 02
Standard Test Method for
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Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 514; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * thermal expansion and contraction, curing, and others. It is
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impossible to simulate the complex conditions encountered in
1.1 This laboratory test method provides a procedure for
service, such as variations in wind velocity, negative pressure,
determining the resistance to water penetration and leakage
and lateral or upward moving air and water. Factors such as
through unit masonry subjected to wind-driven rain.
location, exposure, and wall openings should be considered .
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.4 Given the complexity of variables noted above, this test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
method establishes comparative behavior between various
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
masonry wall constructions in a given laboratory.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.5 Even when a single laboratory tests the same wall
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
design utilizing the same wall materials and the same construc-
hazard statement see Section 5.
tion practices, variables such as the level of skill of the mason
2. Referenced Documents
building the specimen, the temperature and humidity in the
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laboratory at the time of construction, curing of the specimen,
2.1 American Concrete Institute Standard:
the moisture contents of the materials used to build the
ACI 531 Building Code Requirements for Concrete Ma-
specimen, and even the use or lack of use of a lime and water
sonry Structures
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wash on the back of the specimen can affect the results of the
2.2 Brick Institute of America Standard:
test making reliable comparisons dubious. For these reasons
Construction of Brick Masonry, Building Code Require-
and the multi-variables listed in 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3, a meaningful,
ments for Engineered Brick Masonry
useful, absolute wall leakage rating standard is impractical and
3. Significance and Use
discouraged.
3.1 This test method provides information that aids in
4. Apparatus
evaluating the effect of four principal variables: materials,
4.1 Test Chamber—The test chamber shall be similar to that
coatings, wall design, and workmanship.
shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and may be constructed of metal,
3.2 Water penetration and leakage through masonry is
wood, or plastic. It shall provide an opening with a minimum
significantly affected by air pressure in the test chamber. Data
2 2
area of 1.08 m (12 ft ). For example, 900 mm (36 in.) wide and
from tests made at different pressures are not comparable.
1200 mm (48 in.) high is suitable. Edges of the chamber in
3.3 The performance of a masonry wall is a function of
contact with the specimen shall be lined with a closed-cell
materials, construction, wall design, and maintenance. In
compressible gasket material. An observation port shall be
service the performance will also depend on the rigidity of
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provided in the face of the chamber. The 19.0-mm ( ⁄4-in.)
supporting structure and on the resistance of components to
diameter corrosion-resistant spray pipe shall have a single line
deterioration by various causes, such as corrosion, vibration,
of 1.0-mm (0.04-in.) diameter holes spaced 25.0 mm (1 in.)
apart.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on 4.2 Fixtures and Appurtenances to Chamber—Fixtures and
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
appurtenances to the chamber shall consist of an air line with
C15.04 on Research.
manometer, a water line with valves, an orifice meter and
Current edition approved June 10, 2002. Published August 2002. Originally
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manometer and a water drain pipe at the bottom of the
published as E 514 – 74. Last previous edition E 514 – 90(96) .
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This test method is based upon those used by the National Bureau of Standards
chamber. The water spray pipe shall be positioned so that the
and described in NBS Report BMS7, “Water Permeability of Masonry Walls,” 1933,
water impinges the specimen not more than 75.0 mm (3.00 in.)
and NBS Report BMS82, “Water Permeability of Walls Built of Masonry Units,”
below the top of the test chamber. The drain pipe may
1942.
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discharge into a container equipped with an adjustable depth
Available from American Concrete Ins
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