ASTM D2718-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Planar Shear (Rolling Shear)
Standard Test Methods for Structural Panels in Planar Shear (Rolling Shear)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Planar shear (rolling shear) characteristics of structural panels determined by these test methods are essential for the rigorous design of various glued wood-panel structural components, such as box beams, folded plate roofs, and stressed skin panels. Planar shear also may govern the design at low span-depth ratios encountered in floors subjected to high concentrated loads, concrete forms at high pouring pressures, and bulk storage structures.
3.2 The modulus of rigidity determined from Test Method A is a composite of the entire specimen acting as a unit. For plywood panels for which the ratio between the shear moduli of the plies with grain oriented parallel and perpendicular to the shear forces is known, the rolling shear modulus of the perpendicular plies can be calculated.
3.3 Veneer produced by slicing or rotary peeling may contain fine checks or separations parallel to the grain on the knife side of the veneer that are produced as the knife is forced through the wood. These checks are termed “knife checks” to distinguish them from occasional checks that may be formed on the opposite side of the veneer by forces at the compression bar, and from checks caused by drying. Knife checks can have a significant effect on rolling shear properties in plywood panels and may be of significance in other veneer containing panels. Test Method A requires (when applicable) the testing of matching specimens having knife checks oriented both open and closed wherever possible (see Fig. 1).
3.4 To control or define other variables influencing rolling shear, these test methods require determination of moisture content, specific gravity, and elapsed time-to-failure. Conditioning of test material in controlled atmospheres, determination of depth of knife checks (when applicable), and determination of percent of wood and plywood glueline failure (when applicable) are recommended.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods determine the shear properties of structural panels associated with shear distortion of the planes parallel to the edge planes of the panels. Both shear strength and modulus of rigidity may be determined. Primarily, the tests measure the planar shear (rolling shear) strength developed in the plane of the panel.
1.2 Structural panels in use include, but are not limited to, structural plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
1.3 Two test methods are included:
1.3.1 Test Method A—Planar shear loaded by plates.
1.3.2 Test Method B—Planar shear induced by five-point bending.
1.3.3 The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose of the test and equipment available.
1.3.4 Test Method A, Planar Shear Loaded by Plates—This test method uses a rectangular panel section adhered between steel plates with protruding knife edges to create load at the panel faces. This test method has been used to develop shear properties of plywood and oriented strand board for the purpose of confirming design values. This test method does not produce pure shear, but the specimen length is prescribed so that the secondary stresses have a minimum effect. The method determines shear strength and modulus of rigidity.
1.3.5 Test Method B, Planar Shear Induced by Five-Point Bending—Planar shear stress is induced on the panel while loaded in bending using two continuous spans. This test method determines planar shear strength consistent with panel applications under transverse loading. This test method is able to determine shear strength at any moisture condition.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2718 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
1
Structural Panels in Planar Shear (Rolling Shear)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2718; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 These test methods determine the shear properties of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
structural panels associated with shear distortion of the planes
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
parallel to the edge planes of the panels. Both shear strength
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and modulus of rigidity may be determined. Primarily, the tests
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
measure the planar shear (rolling shear) strength developed in
the plane of the panel.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Structural panels in use include, but are not limited to, 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
structural plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and compos-
D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
ites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.3 Two test methods are included: D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.3.1 Test Method A—Planar shear loaded by plates.
1.3.2 Test Method B—Planar shear induced by five-point
3. Significance and Use
bending.
1.3.3 The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose
3.1 Planar shear (rolling shear) characteristics of structural
of the test and equipment available. panels determined by these test methods are essential for the
1.3.4 Test Method A, Planar Shear Loaded by Plates—This rigorous design of various glued wood-panel structural
test method uses a rectangular panel section adhered between components, such as box beams, folded plate roofs, and
steel plates with protruding knife edges to create load at the stressed skin panels. Planar shear also may govern the design
panel faces. This test method has been used to develop shear atlowspan-depthratiosencounteredinfloorssubjectedtohigh
properties of plywood and oriented strand board for the concentrated loads, concrete forms at high pouring pressures,
purpose of confirming design values.This test method does not and bulk storage structures.
produce pure shear, but the specimen length is prescribed so
3.2 The modulus of rigidity determined fromTest MethodA
that the secondary stresses have a minimum effect.The method
is a composite of the entire specimen acting as a unit. For
determines shear strength and modulus of rigidity.
plywood panels for which the ratio between the shear moduli
1.3.5 Test Method B, Planar Shear Induced by Five-Point
oftheplieswithgrainorientedparallelandperpendiculartothe
Bending—Planar shear stress is induced on the panel while
shear forces is known, the rolling shear modulus of the
loaded in bending using two continuous spans. This test
perpendicular plies can be calculated.
method determines planar shear strength consistent with panel
3.3 Veneer produced by slicing or rotary peeling may
applications under transverse loading. This test method is able
contain fine checks or separations parallel to the grain on the
to determine shear strength at any moisture condition.
knife side of the veneer that are produced as the knife is forced
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
through the wood. These checks are termed “knife checks” to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
distinguish them from occasional checks that may be formed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
on the opposite side of the veneer by forces at the compression
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
bar, and from checks caused by drying. Knife checks can have
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a significant effect on rolling shear properties in plywood
panels and may be of significance in other veneer containing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual B
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D2718 − 00 (Reapproved 2011) D2718 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
1
Structural Panels in Planar Shear (Rolling Shear)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2718; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Eq 2 and Eq 4 were corrected editorially in April 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods determine the shear properties of structural panels associated with shear distortion of the planes parallel
to the edge planes of the panels. Both shear strength and modulus of rigidity may be determined. Primarily, the tests measure the
planar shear (rolling shear) strength developed in the plane of the panel.
1.2 Structural panels in use include plywood, waferboard, oriented strand board, include, but are not limited to, structural
plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and composites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
1.3 Two test methods are included:
1.3.1 Test Method A—Planar shear loaded by plates.
1.3.2 Test Method B—Planar shear induced by five-point bending.
1.3.3 The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose of the test and equipment available.
1.3.4 Test Method A, Planar Shear Loaded by Plates—This test method uses a rectangular panel section adhered between steel
plates with protruding knife edges to create load at the panel faces. This test method has been used to develop shear properties
of plywood and oriented strand board for the purpose of confirming design values. This test method does not produce pure shear,
but the specimen length is prescribed so that the secondary stresses have a minimum effect. The method determines shear strength
and modulus of rigidity.
1.3.5 Test Method B, Planar Shear Induced by Five-Point Bending—Planar shear stress is induced on the panel while loaded
in bending using two continuous spans. This test method determines planar shear strength consistent with panel applications under
transverse loading. This test method is able to determine shear strength at any moisture condition.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Planar shear (rolling shear) characteristics of structural panels determined by these test methods are essential for the rigorous
design of various glued wood-panel structural components, such as box beams, folded plate roofs, and stressed skin panels. Planar
shear also may govern the design at low span-depth ratios encountered in floors subjected to high concentrated loads, concrete
forms at high pouring pressures, and bulk storage structures.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2011November 2018. Originally approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20002011
ɛ1
as D2718 – 00 (2006).(2011) . DOI: 10.1520/D2718-00R11E01.10.1520/D2718-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2718 − 18
3.2 The modulus of rigidity determined from Test Method A is a composite of the entire specimen acting as a unit. For plywood
panels
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2718 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
1
Structural Panels in Planar Shear (Rolling Shear)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2718; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 These test methods determine the shear properties of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
structural panels associated with shear distortion of the planes
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
parallel to the edge planes of the panels. Both shear strength
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and modulus of rigidity may be determined. Primarily, the tests
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
measure the planar shear (rolling shear) strength developed in
the plane of the panel.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Structural panels in use include, but are not limited to, 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
structural plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), and compos-
D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
ites of veneer and of wood-based layers.
tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.3 Two test methods are included: D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
1.3.1 Test Method A—Planar shear loaded by plates. ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1.3.2 Test Method B—Planar shear induced by five-point
3. Significance and Use
bending.
1.3.3 The choice of method will be dictated by the purpose 3.1 Planar shear (rolling shear) characteristics of structural
of the test and equipment available.
panels determined by these test methods are essential for the
1.3.4 Test Method A, Planar Shear Loaded by Plates—This rigorous design of various glued wood-panel structural
test method uses a rectangular panel section adhered between components, such as box beams, folded plate roofs, and
steel plates with protruding knife edges to create load at the stressed skin panels. Planar shear also may govern the design
panel faces. This test method has been used to develop shear at low span-depth ratios encountered in floors subjected to high
properties of plywood and oriented strand board for the concentrated loads, concrete forms at high pouring pressures,
purpose of confirming design values. This test method does not and bulk storage structures.
produce pure shear, but the specimen length is prescribed so
3.2 The modulus of rigidity determined from Test Method A
that the secondary stresses have a minimum effect. The method
is a composite of the entire specimen acting as a unit. For
determines shear strength and modulus of rigidity.
plywood panels for which the ratio between the shear moduli
1.3.5 Test Method B, Planar Shear Induced by Five-Point
of the plies with grain oriented parallel and perpendicular to the
Bending—Planar shear stress is induced on the panel while
shear forces is known, the rolling shear modulus of the
loaded in bending using two continuous spans. This test
perpendicular plies can be calculated.
method determines planar shear strength consistent with panel
3.3 Veneer produced by slicing or rotary peeling may
applications under transverse loading. This test method is able
contain fine checks or separations parallel to the grain on the
to determine shear strength at any moisture condition.
knife side of the veneer that are produced as the knife is forced
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
through the wood. These checks are termed “knife checks” to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
distinguish them from occasional checks that may be formed
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
on the opposite side of the veneer by forces at the compression
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
bar, and from checks caused by drying. Knife checks can have
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
a significant effect on rolling shear properties in plywood
panels and may be of significance in other veneer containing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood
2
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Panel Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2718 – 00 (2011) . Standards volume information,
...
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