ASTM A877/A877M-99

Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy Valve Spring Quality

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the highest quality of round chromium-silicon alloy steel valve spring wire, uniform in quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring high-fatigue properties when used at moderately elevated temperatures. This wire shall be either in the annealed and cold-drawn or oil-tempered condition as specified by purchaser.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1999
• ICS: 77.140.25 - Spring steels
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.03 - Steel Rod and Wire

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM A877/A877M-05 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy Valve Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2005
• Referred By: ASTM A1000/A1000M-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Carbon and Alloy Specialty Spring Quality
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999
• Referred By: ASTM A401/A401M-18 - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 877/A877M – 99
Standard Specification for
Steel Wire, Chromium-Silicon Alloy Valve Spring Quality
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA877/A877M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification TagApplica-
tion Standard
1.1 This specification covers the highest quality of round
chromium-silicon alloy steel valve spring wire, uniform in
3. Ordering Information
quality and temper, intended for the manufacture of valve
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
springs and other springs requiring high-fatigue properties
the following information for each ordered item:
whenusedatmoderatelyelevatedtemperatures.Thiswireshall
3.1.1 Quantity (mass),
be either in the annealed and cold-drawn or oil-tempered
3.1.2 Name of material (chromium-silicon alloy steel valve
condition as specified by purchaser.
spring quality wire),
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.3 Dimensions (Table 1 and Section 8),
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.4 Condition (Section 6),
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
3.1.5 Packaging (Section 14),
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
3.1.6 Heat analysis report, if requested (5.2),
must be used independent of the other.
3.1.7 Certification or test report, or both, if specified (Sec-
2. Referenced Documents tion 13), and
3.1.8 ASTM designation and year of issue.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 20 000-kg
of Steel Products oiltempered chromium-silicon alloy steel valve spring quality wire, size
6.00 mm in 150-kg coils toASTM ___ dated ___, or for inch-pound units,
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
40 000-lb oil-tempered chromium-silicon alloy steel valve spring quality
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
wire, size 0.250 in. in 350-lb coils to ASTM ___ dated ___ .
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
4. Materials and Manufacture
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
4.1 The steel may be made by any commercially accepted
Determine Conformance with Specifications
steel making process. The steel may be either ingot cast or
E 45 Practice for Determining the Inclusion Content of
strand cast.
Steel
4.2 The finished wire shall be free from detrimental pipe
2.2 Federal Standard:
and undue segregation.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.3 Military Standard:
5. Chemical Composition
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
5.1 Thesteelshallconformtotherequirementsforchemical
ment and Storage
composition specified in Table 2.
2.4 AIAG Standard:
5.2 Heat Analysis—Each heat of steel shall be analyzed by
the manufacturer to determine the percentage of elements
prescribed in Table 2. This analysis shall be made from a test
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
specimen preferably taken during the pouring of the heat.
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire. When requested, this shall be reported to the purchaser and
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published May 1999. Originally
shall conform to the requirements of Table 2.
published as A 877/A 877M – 87. Last previous edition A 877/A 877M – 98.
5.3 Product Analysis—An analysis may be made by the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
purchaser from finished wire representing each heat of steel.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
6 7
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700 Available from the Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser, Suite
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. 200, Southfield, MI 48034.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
A 877/A877M – 99
A A
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Wire Diameter TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
SI Units SI Units
Diameter, mm Permissible Varia- Permissible Out-of Diameter, mm MPa, min MPa, max
tions, 6mm Round, mm
0.5 2100 2280
0.5 to 2.0, incl 0.02 0.02 1.0 2070 2240
Over 2.0 to 4.0, incl 0.03 0.03 1.5 2030 2210
Over 4.0 to 9.5, incl 0.04 0.04 2.0 2000 2140
3.0 1930 2070
Inch-Pound Units
3.75 1900 2030
4.5 1830 1970
Diameter, in. Permissible Varia- Permissible Out-of
tions, 6 in. Round, in. 5.0 1810 1950
5.7 1800 1930
0.020 to 0.075, incl 0.0008 0.0008
6.3 1760 1900
Over 0.075 to 0.148, incl 0.001 0.001
7.9 1730 1860
Over 0.148 to 0.375, incl 0.0015 0.0015
9.5 1690 1830
A
For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, all specified
Inch-Pound Units
limits are absolute as defined in Recommended Practice E29.
Diameter, in. ksi, min ksi, max
0.020 305 330
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
0.040 300 325
0.060 295 320
Analysis,% ProductAnalysis
0.080 290 310
Tolerance,%
0.120 280 300
Carbon 0.51–0.59 60.02
0.148 275 295
Manganese 0.50–0.80 60.03
0.177 265 285
Phosphorus 0.025 max 60.005 0.200 263 283
Sulfur 0.025 max 60.005
0.225 260 280
Silicon 1.20–1.60 60.05 0.250 255 275
Chromium 0.60–0.80 60.03
0.312 250 270
0.375 245 265
A
Tensile strength values for intermediate diameters may be interpolated.
The average of all the separate determinations made shall be
within the limits specified in the analysis column. Individual
6.3.2 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor
determinations may vary to the extent shown in the product each five coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given
analysis tolerance column, except that the several determina-
lot shall be tested.
tions of a single element in any one heat shall not vary both 6.3.3 LocationofTests—Test specimens shall be taken from
above and below the specified range.
either end of the coil.
5.4 For referee purposes, Test Methods, Practices, and 6.3.4 Test Method—The wrap test shall be made in accor-
Terminology A 751 shall be used.
dance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
6. Mechanical Properties 7. Metallurgical Requirements
6.1 Annealed and Cold Drawn—When purchased in the 7.1 Surface Condition:
annealed and cold-drawn condition, the wire shall have been 7.1.1 The surface of the wire as received shall be free of
given a sufficient amount of cold working to meet the purchas- imperfections such as pits, die marks, scratches, seams, and
er’s coiling requirements and shall be in a suitable condition to other defects tending to impair the fatigue value of the springs.
respond properly to heat treatment. In special cases the 7.1.2 Number of Tests—One test specimen shall be taken
hardness, if desired, shall be stated in the purchase order. from each end of every coil.
6.2 Oil Tempered—When purchased in the oil-tempered
7.1.3 Test Method—The surface shall be examined after
condition, the tensile strength shall conform to the require- etching in a solution of equal parts of hydrochloric acid and
ments prescribed in Table 3.
water that has been heated to approximately 80°C for a
6.2.1 NumberofTests—Onetestspecimenshallbetakenfor sufficient length of time to remove up to approximately 1 % of
each five coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a given the diameter of the wire. Test ends shall be examined using
lot shall be tested. 103 magnification.
6.2.2 LocationofTests—Test spe
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