ASTM F2945-18(2023)

Standard Specification for Polyamide 11 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers requirements and test methods for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in fuel gas piping. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the transport of fuel gases. This specification does not cover threaded pipe. The polyamide 11 material used to make pipe and fittings shall be virgin or reworked material and shall have a Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and hydrostatic design basis rating as determined per PPI TR3 and PPI TR4. This specification deals with requirements for materials, requirements for pipe and fittings, test methods, marking, and quality Assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in fuel gas pipelines. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the distribution and transmission of fuel gases.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover threaded pipe. Generic fusion guidelines are given in Appendix X1. Design considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. In-plant quality control programs are specified in Annex A1.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: Heat fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is limited to PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard. Heat Fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is not allowed to pipes and fittings made from any other thermoplastic materials (for example, PA12, PEs, PVCs, etc.).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 The following is an index of the annexes and appendixes in this specification:    
Annexes  
Subject  
Annex A1  
In-Plant Quality Control for sizes up to 12 in.  
Annex A2  
PA-11 Butt Fusion Fittings  
Appendixes  
Subject  
Appendix X1  
Butt Fusion Guidelines for PA-11 Piping  
Appendix X2  
Design Consideration  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2023
• ICS: 23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
• ICS: 23.040.45 - Plastics fittings
• Technical Committee: F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
• Drafting Committee: F17.60 - Gas

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2945-18 - Standard Specification for Polyamide 11 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1733-24 - Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyamide(PA) Plastic Fitting for Polyamide(PA) Plastic Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM F1563-23 - Standard Specification for Tools to Squeeze-off Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe or Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F2897-23a - Standard Specification for Tracking and Traceability Encoding System of Natural Gas Distribution Components (Pipe, Tubing, Fittings, Valves, and Appurtenances)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F2600-09(2023) - Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyamide-11 Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyamide-11 Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F2897-23 - Standard Specification for Tracking and Traceability Encoding System of Natural Gas Distribution Components (Pipe, Tubing, Fittings, Valves, and Appurtenances)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1563-01(2019) - Standard Specification for Tools to Squeeze-off Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipe or Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM F2600-09(2018) - Standard Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyamide-11 Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyamide-11 Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1600-18 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Referred By: ASTM F3508-21a - Standard Guide for In-Situ Pipeline Renovation As Dual-Wall Composite Pipeline by Push/Pull Installation of Compressed-Fit Shape-Memory-Polymer Tubular (SMPT)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3124-23a - Standard Practice for Data Recording the Procedure used to Produce Heat Butt Fusion Joints in Plastic Piping Systems or Fittings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F1733-20 - Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyamide(PA) Plastic Fitting for Polyamide(PA) Plastic Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F1973-21 - Standard Specification for Factory Assembled Anodeless Risers and Transition Fittings in Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide 11 (PA11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) Fuel Gas Distribution Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F2509-15(2019) - Standard Specification for Field-assembled Anodeless Riser Kits for Use on Outside Diameter Controlled Polyethylene and Polyamide-11 (PA11) Gas Distribution Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F1948-20 - Standard Specification for Metallic Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter Controlled Thermoplastic Gas Distribution Pipe and Tubing
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023

Overview

ASTM F2945-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Polyamide 11 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings sets the requirements and test methods for Polyamide 11 (PA11) piping components intended for the conveyance of fuel gases. This internationally recognized ASTM standard ensures the safety, durability, and performance of PA11 pipes, tubing, and fittings used in the gas industry. The standard is applicable to systems for both the distribution and the transmission of fuel gases and excludes threaded pipe from its coverage.

Polyamide 11 materials under this specification may be virgin or reworked, with particular requirements for hydrostatic design stress and basis ratings. A comprehensive approach ensures that only high-quality, traceable materials reach the market.

Key Topics

• Material Requirements: Specifies the use of virgin or appropriately reworked PA11 material, ensuring compliance with hydrostatic design stress ratings as per PPI TR3 and TR4.
• Testing Protocols: Includes methods for evaluating tensile strength, flexibility, burst pressure, rapid crack propagation resistance, and chemical stability.
• Dimensional Tolerances: Outlines precise tolerances for pipe diameter, wall thickness, ovality, and other critical dimensions to guarantee system integrity.
• Joining Methods: Restricts heat fusion joining to PA11-to-PA11 components, maintaining compatibility and system safety.
• Marking and Traceability: Requires permanent, legible markings and unique tracking codes for traceability throughout the product's lifecycle.
• Quality Assurance: Mandates robust in-plant quality control programs and detailed documentation to ensure consistent production standards.

Applications

ASTM F2945-18(2023) is vital for stakeholders in the natural gas and fuel gas distribution sectors, providing a standardized benchmark for safe and efficient pipeline system installation and maintenance. Practical applications include:

• Natural Gas Distribution Systems: Ensuring pipeline materials meet modern demands for flexibility, strength, and corrosion resistance in both urban and rural networks.
• Transmission Pipelines: Supporting infrastructure designed for long-distance and high-pressure fuel gas transport.
• New Installations and System Expansion: Supplying guidelines for fitting and joining PA11 pipes in new builds or expansion of current operations.
• Repair and Retrofit: Offering parameters for the replacement or repair of existing piping systems with PA11 components.

PA11 piping systems are particularly suitable for their chemical resistance, mechanical robustness, and ability to withstand long-term exposure to fuel gases, making them a top choice for safety-critical applications.

Related Standards

For comprehensive quality and compatibility, ASTM F2945-18(2023) references and aligns with numerous related standards, including:

• ASTM D543: Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to Chemical Reagents
• ASTM D638, D790: Test Methods for Tensile and Flexural Properties of Plastics
• ASTM D1598, D1599: Test Methods for Time-to-Failure and Burst Pressure of Plastic Pipe
• ASTM F1563, F2600: Specifications for Polyamide Pipe Fittings and Electrofusion Types
• ASTM F2897: Specification for Tracking and Traceability Encoding Systems
• Plastic Pipe Institute (PPI) TR3 & TR4: Guidelines for determining hydrostatic design basis and stresses
• ISO 13478: For evaluating resistance to rapid crack propagation
• ANSI B31.8: Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

Staying compliant with ASTM F2945-18 and its referenced standards ensures robust fuel gas pipeline networks that are safe, reliable, and ready for regulatory inspection.

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Keywords: Polyamide 11, PA11 gas pipe, fuel gas piping standard, ASTM F2945, natural gas pipe, plastic gas pipe, gas pressure pipe, tubing and fittings, pipeline standard, PPI hydrostatic design stress

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2945 − 18 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Polyamide 11 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2945; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
fittings for use in fuel gas pipelines. The pipe and fittings
covered by this specification are intended for use in the
2. Referenced Documents
distribution and transmission of fuel gases.
1.1.1 This specification does not cover threaded pipe. Ge-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
neric fusion guidelines are given in Appendix X1. Design
D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to
considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. In-plant quality
Chemical Reagents
control programs are specified in Annex A1.
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
D789 Test Method for Determination of Relative Viscosity
NOTE 1—Heat fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the
of Concentrated Polyamide (PA) Solutions
requirements of this standard is limited to PA11 pipe and fittings meeting
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
the requirements of this standard. Heat Fusion joining of PA11 pipe and
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is not allowed to pipes
als
and fittings made from any other thermoplastic materials (for example,
PA12, PEs, PVCs, etc.).
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Under Constant Internal Pressure
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
and are not considered standard.
Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
1.4 The following is an index of the annexes and appendixes
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
in this specification:
tics
Annexes Subject
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
Annex A1 In-Plant Quality Control for sizes up to 12 in.
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
Annex A2 PA-11 Butt Fusion Fittings
Appendixes Subject
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
Appendix X1 Butt Fusion Guidelines for PA-11 Piping
D2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of
Appendix X2 Design Consideration
Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D2774 Practice for Underground Installation of Thermoplas-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tic Pressure Piping
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2012. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F2945–18. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D2945–18R23. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2945 − 18 (2023)
D3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures and Enthal- ISO 527–2 Determination of tensile properties - Part 2: Test
pies of Fusion and Crystallization of Polymers by Differ- conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics
ential Scanning Calorimetry ISO 1183 Methods for determining the density of non-
D4066 Classification System for Nylon Injection and Extru- cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion method, liquid py-
sion Materials (PA) knometer method and titration method
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems ISO 22621 Part 1 Plastics piping systems for the supply of
F1025 Guide for Selection and Use of Full-Encirclement- gaseous fuels for maximum operating pressure up to and
Type Band Clamps for Reinforcement or Repair of Punc- including 2 MPa (20 bar)–Polyamide (PA): General
tures or Holes in Polyethylene Gas Pressure Pipe ISO 13478 Thermoplastics pipes for the conveyance of
F1563 Specification for Tools to Squeeze-off Polyethylene fluids- Determination of resistance to rapid crack propa-
(PE) Gas Pipe or Tubing gation (RCP) - Full-scale test (FST)
F1733 Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyamide(PA)
2.6 Plastic Pipe Institute:
Plastic Fitting for Polyamide(PA) Plastic Pipe and Tubing
PPI TR3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Hydro-
F1973 Specification for Factory Assembled Anodeless Ris-
static Design Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB),
ers and Transition Fittings in Polyethylene (PE) and
Strength Design Basis (SDB), and Minimum Required
Polyamide 11 (PA11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) Fuel Gas
Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Mate-
Distribution Systems
rials or Pipe
F2138 Specification for Excess Flow Valves for Natural Gas
PPI TR4 Hydrostatic Design Bases and Maximum Recom-
Service
mended Hydrostatic Design Stresses for Thermoplastic
F2145 Specification for Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and Poly-
Piping Materials
amide 12 (PA12) Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside
PPI TN7 Nature of Hydrostatic Stress Rupture Curves
Diameter Controlled Polyamide 11 and Polyamide 12 Pipe
PPI TR9 Recommended Design Factors for Pressure Appli-
and Tubing
cations of Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
F2600 Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyamide-11
PPI TR-45 Butt Fusion Joining Procedures for Field Joining
Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyamide-11
of Polyamide-11
Pipe and Tubing
F2897 Specification for Tracking and Traceability Encoding
3. Terminology
System of Natural Gas Distribution Components (Pipe,
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
Tubing, Fittings, Valves, and Appurtenances)
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi-
2.2 ANSI Standards:
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified.
B 16.40 Manually Operated Thermoplastic Gas Shutoffs and
3.2 The gas industry terminology used in this specification
Valves in Gas Distribution Systems
is in accordance with ANSI B31.8 or CFR OPS Part 192 Title
B 31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
49, unless otherwise indicated.
2.3 Federal Specifications:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
3.3 The term pipe used herein refers to both pipe and tubing
OPS Part 192 Title 49, Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations
unless specifically stated otherwise.
2.4 Military Standards:
3.4 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3.4.1 re-rounding equipment, n—equipment used to reform
MIL-STD-1235 (ORD) Single- and Multi-Level Continuous
the pipe and permanently reduce ovality to 5 % or less.
Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attri-
3.4.2 rounding equipment, n—equipment, devices, clamps,
butes
7 and so forth, used to temporarily hold the pipe round while
2.5 ISO Standards:
out-of-roundness measurements are made, or a joining proce-
ISO 75–1 Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflec-
dure (heat fusion, electrofusion, or mechanical) is performed.
tion under load - Part 1: General test method
3.4.3 standard thermoplastic material designated code,
ISO 75–2 Determination of temperature of deflection under
n—the pipe material designation code shall consist of the
load - Part 2: Plastics and ebonite
abbreviation for the polyamide (PA) followed by Arabic
ISO 179/1eA Determination of Charpy impact properties.
numerals which describe the short term properties in accor-
Non-instrumented impact test
dance with Classifications from Table 2 followed by the
ISO 527–1 Determination of tensile properties - Part 1:
hydrostatic design stress for water at 73.4 °F (23 °C) in units of
General principles
100 psi with any decimal figures dropped. Where the hydro-
static design stress code contains less than two figures, a zero
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
is used before the number. Thus, a complete material designa-
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
tion code shall consist of two letters and five figures for
Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO), 732 N. Capitol St.,
NW, Washington, DC 20401, http://www.gpo.gov.
polyamide 11 materials. For example, PA 32316 is a polyamide
DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA
19111-5094 http://quicksearch.dla.mil/
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http:// Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825,
www.iso.ch. Irving, TX 75062, http://www.plasticpipe.org.
F2945 − 18 (2023)
TABLE 1 Sustained Pressure
requirements of this specification shall exist and be supplied to
Test PA 32312 PA 32316 the purchaser, if requested.
Min Hr.
Temperature Hoop Stress Hoop Stress
73 F ± 3.6 F 1000 hr 2800 psi 3200 psi
5. Requirements for Pipe and Fittings
(23 C ± 2 C) (19 MPa) (22 MPa)
176 F ± 3.6 F 100 hr 1850 psi 1850 psi
5.1 General—Pipe shall be supplied in either coils or
(80 C ± 2 C) (12.7 MPa) (12.7 MPa)
straight lengths. Any pipe supplied in coils must meet the same
requirements before and after coiling.
5.2 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homoge-
neous throughout and free of visible cracks, holes, foreign
11 with a 1600 psi design stress for water at 73.4 °F (23 °C).
inclusion, blisters, and dents, or other injurious defects. The
The hydrostatic design stresses for gas are not used in this
pipe and fittings shall be as uniform as commercially practi-
designation code.
cable in color, opacity, density, and other physical properties.
3.4.4 thermoplastic pipe dimension ratio (DR), n—the ratio
5.3 Pipe and Tubing Dimensions and Tolerances:
of pipe diameter to wall thickness. It is calculated by dividing
5.3.1 Dimension—The dimensions shall be specified by
the specified outside diameter of the pipe, in inches, by the
wall thickness and outside diameter.
minimum specified wall thickness, in inches. The standard
dimension ratio (SDR) is a common numbering system which
5.3.1.1 Diameters—The outside diameter shall meet the
is derived from the ANSI preferred number series R 10.
requirements given in Table 4 or Table 5 when measured in
accordance with 6.5.
3.4.5 toe-in, n—a small reduction of the outside diameter at
5.3.1.2 Toe-In—When measured in accordance with 6.5.1.1,
the cut end of a length of thermoplastic pipe.
the outside diameter at the cut end of the pipe shall not be more
4. Requirements for Materials than 1.5 % smaller than the undistorted outside diameter.
Measurement of the undistorted outside diameter shall be made
4.1 General—The polyamide 11 material used to make pipe
no closer than 1.5 pipe diameters or 11.8 in. (300 mm),
and fittings shall be virgin or reworked material (see 4.5) and
whichever distance is less, from the cut end of the pipe.
shall have a Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic
Undistorted outside diameter shall meet the requirements of
design stress and hydrostatic design basis rating as determined
Table 4 or Table 5.
per PPI TR3 and PPI TR4.
5.3.1.3 Wall Thickness—The wall thickness shall be as
4.2 Classification—Polyamide materials suitable for use in
specified in Table 5 or Table 6 when measured in accordance
the manufacturing of pipe and fittings under this specification
with 6.5.1.2. The minimum wall thickness at any point of
shall be classified in accordance with Classification D4066-
measurement shall be not less than the minimum wall thickness
94b, as shown in Table 2.
specified in Table 5 or Table 6.
4.3 Short- and Long-Term Properties—Polyamide 11 pipe
5.3.1.4 Wall Thickness Eccentricity Range—The wall thick-
and fittings shall be made from a Polyamide 11 material which
ness eccentricity range shall be within 12 % when measured in
also satisfies the combinations of short- and long-term property
accordance with 6.5.1.3.
requirements shown in Table 3.
5.3.1.5 Ovality—The ovality (cross section) of 3 in. IPS
(88.9 mm) and smaller pipe shall not exceed 5 % when
4.4 Resistance to Rapid Crack Propagation (RCP) for
measured in accordance with 6.5.3. Measurements of coiled
Materials—The material classification (formulation) used in
pipe shall be made on a sample cut from the coil, and in case
the manufacture of pipe and fittings under this specification
of disagreement, conditioned per 6.3.
shall be tested for resistance to failure by RCP in accordance
with 6.6. The data obtained shall be made available upon
NOTE 2—Other factors, that is, installation compaction, static soil
request without limitations on disclosure, and shall not subse-
loading, and dynamic vehicular loads may increase the ovality; therefore,
quently be subject to disclosure limitations when used by
5 % was chosen as the limit for the amount contributed by manufacturing,
others. The values obtained are applicable to all pipes with the packing, in-plant storage, and shipping.
(1) Before or during installation, coiled pipe larger than 3
wall thickness of the pipe tested and all thinner wall pipes.
in. IPS (88.9 mm) shall be processed by the installer through
4.5 Rework Material—Clean PA11 rework material of the
re-rounding equipment that corrects ovality to 5 % or less.
same commercial designation, generated from the manufactur-
NOTE 3—Ovality is a packaging condition that occurs when roundable
er’s own pipe and fitting production shall not be used unless the
pipe is wound into a coil—the pipe flattens out as it is coiled. Ovality is
pipe and fitting produced meet all the requirements of this
corrected when joining equipment is applied to roundable pipe, or by field
specification. The use of these PA11 rework materials shall be processing roundable pipe through re-rounding and straightening equip-
ment during installation.
governed by the requirements of 4.6 and the principals of PPI
TN-30/2006. In pipe, rework materials shall be limited to a
5.3.1.6 Length—The pipe shall be supplied in straight
maximum of 30 % by weight.
lengths or coils as agreed upon between the manufacturer and
the purchaser. The length shall not be less than the minimum
4.6 Documentation—A documentation system to allow for
length agreed upon when corrected to 73 °F (23 °C).
traceability of raw materials including percentage and material
classification (or designation, if applicable) of rework materials 5.3.1.7 When sizes other than those listed in Table 4, Table
used in the manufacture of the pipe product meeting the 5 or Table 6 are used, tolerances shall be: for outside diameter,
F2945 − 18 (2023)
TABLE 2 D4066–94b Classifications (dry as molded)
Classification ASTM Test Method ISO Test Method Designation
PA Polyamide
3 (group) PA11
2 (class) Heat stabilized
3 (grade)
Relative Viscosity, min, D789 1.83
Melting Point, °C D3418, DTA or DSC 185 -195
Specific Gravity D792 ISO 1183 1/03-1.06
Tensile strength, min, (MPa) D638 ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2 48
Elongation (ultimate), %, min. D638 200
Flexural Modulus, Mpa D790 ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2 900
Izod Impact Resistance, J/m2, min ISO 179/ 1eA 55
Deflection temperature, min at 1.8 Mpa, min °C D648 ISO 75-1 and 75-2 40
Moisture, as received, max. D789 0.08
TABLE 3 Short and Long Term Property Requirements
5.7 Sustained Pressure—Using one of the two test condi-
Short-Term in Long-Term in tions in Table 1, the pipe or system shall not fail in less than the
PA Material
Accordance with Accordance with
prescribed hours when tested in accordance with Test Method
Designation Code
Table 2 D2837
D1598.
PA32312 PA323 HDB of 2500 psi
for 73 °F (23 °C)
5.8 Outdoor Storage Stability—Black polyamide 11 materi-
PA32316 PA323 HDB of 3150 psi
als shall contain 2 to 3 percent well dispersed carbon black, and
for 73 °F (23 °C)
due to the absorptive properties of the carbon black, is
considered to be stabilized against deterioration from unpro-
tected exposure to UV for not less than 10 years. Yellow
polyamide 11 material shall be stabilized and protected against
use same tolerance of next smaller size; for wall thickness, use
deterioration from unprotected UV exposure for not less than 3
same tolerance percentage as shown in the tables.
years.
5.4 Conditioning—For those tests where conditioning is
NOTE 5—The determination for outdoor storage resistance is often
based on measuring the ductility properties of the pipe material exposed
required, or unless otherwise specified, condition the speci-
to artificial weathering. These requirements and test methods are based on
mens prior to testing for a minimum of 1 h in water or 4 h in
expected UV exposure levels in North America. Alternate requirements
air at 73.4 °F 6 3.6 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) or in accordance with
and alternate determination methods may be appropriate in other regions
6.3. The conditioning requirements of 6.3 shall be used in all
of the world. As an example ISO 4437 standard requires a minimum
cases of disagreement. resistance to an accumulation of 3.6GJ for non-black polyethylene
materials.
5.5 Resistance to Rapid Crack Propagation (RCP)—
5.9 Chemical Resistance—The weight, yield strength, and
Additional testing for resistance to RCP is required when the
relative viscosity requirements for PA11 pipe when measured
wall thickness of the pipe being produced in accordance with
in accordance with 6.10 are in Table 7.
this standard exceeds that of the pipe used to establish the
resistance to RCP. In these circumstances, additional testing for
5.10 Elevated Temperature Service—Polyamide 11 piping
resistance to failure by RCP in accordance with 6.6 shall be
materials intended for use at temperatures above 100 °F
conducted. The data obtained shall be made available upon
(38 °C) shall have the PPI hydrostatic design basis (HDB)
request without limitations on disclosure, and shall not subse-
determined at the specific temperature in accordance with Test
quently be subject to disclosure limitations when used by
Method D2837. The 100 000-h intercept (long-term strength)
others.
shall be categorized in accordance with Table 8 and be listed as
NOTE 4—The requirements and testing for resistance to RCP do not
the “hydrostatic design basis of XXX psi at XXX °F (C°) for
provide information for all possible conditions of use. The user should
(compound name).”
consult with the manufacturer and other appropriate sources such as resin
suppliers, research, academia, etc., to determine that the RCP resistance
5.11 Squeeze Off—This requirement is limited to pipe sizes,
provided by the pipe producer is sufficient for the intended use.
wall thicknesses, squeeze procedures, and conditions deemed
5.6 Minimum Hydrostatic Burst Pressure/Apparent Tensile suitable for squeeze-off in service by the pipe manufacturer.
Strength (Quick Burst)—The pipe or system shall fail in a There shall be no leakage or visual evidence of splitting,
ductile manner when tested in accordance with Test Method cracking, breaking, or reduction in Sustained Pressure require-
D1599 at a hoop stress greater than 3900 psi (27 MPa). For ments when pipe is tested as follows:
pipe sizes above 4-in. nominal diameter, the testing laboratory 5.11.1 Prepare six randomly selected pipe specimens in
shall be allowed to replace the quick burst test (Test Method accordance with Test Method D1598, except they shall be
D1599) by the apparent ring tensile strength test (Test Method unfilled.
D2290). The minimum apparent tensile strength at yield when
5.11.2 The squeeze-off shall be affected at the midpoint of
determined in accordance with 6.9 shall be 3900 psi (27 MPa). the test specimen, 90° to the point of the measured minimum
F2945 − 18 (2023)
TABLE 4 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for PA11 Pipe, in. (mm)
Maximum out-of-roundness
Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Tolerance
(SDR 13.5 SDR 11)
⁄2 0.840 (21.3) ±0.004 (±0.102) 0.016 (0.406)
⁄4 1.050 (26.7) ±0.004 (±0.102) 0.02 (0.508)
1 1.315 (33.4) ±0.005 (±0.127) 0.02 (0.508)
1 ⁄4 1.660 (42.1) ±0.005 (±0.127) 0.024 (0.61)
2 2.375 (60.3) ±0.006 (±0.152) 0.024 (0.61)
3 3.500 (88.9) ±0.008 (±0.203) 0.03 (0.762)
4 4.500 (114.3) ±0.009 (±0.229) 0.03 (0.762)
5 5.563 (141.3) ±0.010 (±0.254) 0.06 (1.524)
6 6.625 (168.3) ±0.011 (±0.279) 0.07 (1.778)
8 8.625 (219.1) ±0.013 (±0.330) 0.08 (2.04)
10 10.750 (273.0) ±0.015 (±0.381) 0.1 (2.5)
12 12.750 (323.8) ±0.017 (±0.432) 0.1 (2.5)
TABLE 5 Tubing Diameters, Wall Thicknesses, and Tolerances, in. (mm)
Nominal Tubing Size (CTS) Outside Diameter Tolerance Maximum Wall Thickness Wall Thickness Tolerance
⁄2 0.625 (15.9) ±0.004 (±0.10) 0.090 (2.27) +0.009 (+0.23)
⁄2 0.625 (15.9) ±0.004 (±0.10) 0.104 (2.64) +0.010 (+0.25)
⁄4 0.875 (22.2) ±0.004 (±0.10) 0.090 (2.27) +0.009 (+0.23)
1 1.125 (28.6) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.090 (2.27) +0.012 (+0.31)
1 1.125 (28.6) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.099 (2.51) +0.011 (+0.28)
1 1.125 (28.6) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.101 (2.56) +0.012 (+0.31)
1 1.125 (28.6) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.121 (3.07) +0.015 (+0.38)
1 ⁄4 1.375 (34.9) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.090 (2.27) +0.011 (+0.28)
1 ⁄4 1.375 (34.9) ±0.005 (±0.13) 0.121 (3.07) +0.015 (+0.38)
wall thickness. Close the squeeze bars to the gap stop in 5.13.1 Butt Heat Fusion Fittings—Butt heat fusion fittings
Specification F1563 and hold in constraint for 4 h. Remove intended for use with PA11 piping systems shall conform to the
squeeze bars and reround pipe by closing squeeze bars at a requirements of Annex A2 of this standard.
point 90° for the squeeze area. 5.13.2 Electrofusion Fittings—Electrofusion fittings in-
5.11.3 Immediately upon removal of the squeeze-off tool, tended for use with PA11 piping systems shall conform to the
fill the specimens with ambient temperature water that is 67 °F requirements contained within Specification F2600. Electrofu-
6 10 °F (19.4 °C 6 5.0 °C), condition, and test in accordance sion joints shall be made in accordance to user’s written
with 5.7. procedures and the fitting manufacturer’s installation instruc-
NOTE 6—Many design factors for elevated temperature service cannot
tions.
be covered in this specification. Users should consult applicable codes for
5.13.3 Mechanical Fittings—Mechanical fittings intended
limitations on pertinent maximum temperatures.
for use with PA11 piping systems shall conform to the
5.12 Joints:
requirements contained within Specification F2145. Mechani-
5.12.1 Butt Fusion:
cal fittings shall be installed in accordance with the user’s
5.12.1.1 Butt fusion joints of polyamide 11 pipe and fittings
written procedures and the fitting manufacturer’s installation
should be made in accordance with the manufacturer’s recom-
instructions.
mendations and the user’s written procedure.
5.13.4 Transition Fittings and Anodeless Risers—Transition
5.12.1.2 PA 11 butt fusion joining shall be between compo-
fittings and anodeless risers intended for use with PA11 piping
nents (pipes, fittings, or valves) having the same SDR or DR.
systems shall conform to the requirements contained within
Butt fusion between unlike SDR or DR components shall be
Specification F1973.
allowed only if it has been demonstrated that long term
5.14 Valves—PA-11 thermoplastic gas valves shall meet the
performance is not adversely affected. The minimum require-
requirements of ANSI Standard B 16.40.
ment to demonstrate long term performance shall be the
5.15 Excess Flow Valves—Excess flow valves shall meet the
requirements of 5.6 of this specification. The Hydrostatic
Design Basis (HDB) of the PA11 material shall be confirmed requirements of Specification F2138.
using specimens containing butt fusion joints resulting from
different SDRs or DRs. Pipe/pipe joints of the material that 6. Test Methods
pass shall validate pipe/pipe, pipe/fitting, or fitting/fitting joints
6.1 General—The test methods in this specification cover
of the same SDR ratio for the material.
plastic pipe and fittings to be used for the transport of fuel gas
5.13 Fittings—Fittings shall meet the requirements of the . Test methods that are applicable from other specifications will
applicable ASTM standards. be referenced in the paragraph pertaining to that particular test.
F2945 − 18 (2023)
A,B
TABLE 6 Wall Thickness and Tolerances for PA11 Pipe, in. (mm)
C
Nominal Pipe Size (IPS) DR Minimum Tolerance
⁄2 9.33 0.090 (2.29) +0.011 (+0.279)
⁄4 D 0.090 (2.29) +0.011 (+0.279)
11.0 0.095 (2.41) +0.011 (+0.279)
1 Sch 40 0.113 (2.87) +0.014 (+0.356)
D 0.090 (2.29) +0.011 (+0.279)
17 0.112 (2.85) +0.013 (+0.330)
13.5 0.141 (3.58) +0.017 (+0.432)
Sch 40 0.145 (3.68) +0.017 (+0.432)
11 0.173 (4.39) +0.021 (+0.533)
2 11 0.216 (5.49) +0.026 (+0.660)
9.33 0.255 (6.48) +0.031 (+0.787)
3 13.5 0.259 (6.58) +0.031 (+0.787)
11.5 0.304 (7.72) +0.036 (+0.914)
11 0.318 (8.08) +0.038 (+0.965)
9.33 0.375 (9.53) +0.045 (+1.143)
4 17 0.265 (6.73) +0.032 (+0.813)
13.5 0.333 (8.46) +0.040 (+1.016)
11.5 0.391 (9.93) +0.047 (+1.194)
11.0 0.409 (10.39) +0.049 (+1.246)
9.33 0.482 (12.24) +0.058 (+1.473)
6 17 0.390 (9.91) +0.047 (+1.194)
13.5 0.491 (12.47) +0.059 (+1.499)
11.5 0.576 (14.63) +0.069 (+1.753)
11.0 0.602 (15.29) +0.072 (+1.829)
8 21 0.411 (10.44) +0.049 (+1.245)
17 0.507 (12.90) +0.061 (+1.549)
13.5 0.639 (16.23) +0.077 (+1.956)
11.5 0.750 (19.05) +0.090 (+2.286)
11 0.784 (19.91) +0.094 (+2.388)
10 21 0.512 (13.00) +0.061 (+1.549)
17 0.632 (16.05) +0.076 (+1.930)
13.5 0.796 (20.22) +0.096 (+2.438)
11.5 0.935 (23.75) +0.112 (+2.845)
11 0.977 (24.82) +0.117 (+2.972)
12 21 0.607 (15.42) +0.073 (+1.854)
17 0.750 (19.05) +0.090 (+2.286)
13.5 0.944 (23.98) +0.113 (+2.870)
11.5 1.109 (28.17) +0.133 (+3.378)
11 1.159 (29.44) +0.139 (+3.531)
A
The sizes listed in Table 6 are those commercially available sizes used by the gas industry.
B
The minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. The maximum permitted wall thickness, at any cross section, is the minimum wall thickness
plus the stated tolerance. All tolerances are on the plus side of the minimum requirement.
C
The DR shown are designations commonly accepted by the gas industry and do not calculate exactly.
TABLE 7 Chemical Resistances
6.3 Conditioning—Unless otherwise specified, condition the
Yield Strength Relative specimens prior to test at 73.4 °F 6 3.6 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) and
Weight Change,
Chemical Change, Viscosity,
50 % 6 5 % relative humidity for not less than 40 h, in
max %
max % %
accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618 for those tests
Mineral Oil +0.5 –12 ±3
where conditioning is required and in all cases of disagree-
Tertiary-butyl +0.5 –12 ±3
mercaptan (5 %) ment.
Methanol +5 –35 ±3
Ethylene glycol +0.5 –12 ±3 6.4 Test Conditions—Conduct the test in the standard labo-
Toulene (15 %) +7 –40 ±3
ratory atmosphere of 73.4 °F 6 3.6 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) and
50 % 6 5 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified.
6.5 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6.2 Sampling—Take a representative sample of the pipe and
6.5.1 Pipe—Any length of pipe is used to determine the
fittings sufficient to determine conformance with this specifi-
dimensions. Coiled pipe shall be measured in the natural
cation. About 40 ft (12 m) of pipe is required to perform all the
springback condition, unless specified otherwise.
tests prescribed. The number of fittings required varies, de-
pending upon the size and type of fitting. A sampling plan shall 6.5.1.1 Diameter—Measure the diameter of the pipe in
be agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer (see accordance with Test Method D2122. The average outside
Practice D1898). diameter for nonroundable pipe is the arithmetic average of the
6.2.1 Pipe Test Specimens—Not less than 50 % of the test maximum and minimum diameters at any cross section on the
specimens required for any pressure test shall have at least a length of the pipe. For roundable pipe, out-of-roundness
part of the marking in their central sections. The central section tolerance applies to measurements made while the pipe is
is that portion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away rounded with the manufacturer’s recommended equipment.
from an end closure. Measure out-of-roundness within one-half pipe diameter or 2
F2945 − 18 (2023)
TABLE 8 Pipe Categories
Category
Test
Property
Method
A B C D E F G H
Temperature, . . . 100 (38) 120 (49) 140 (60) 160 (71) 180 (82) . . .
°F (°C)
Hydrostatic Design D2837 400 (2.8) 500 (3.4) 630 (4.3) 800 (5.5) 1000 (6.9) 1250 (8.6) 1600 (11.0) 2000 (13.8)
Basis, psi (MPa)
Examples: CH – At 140 °F (60 °C) the HDB is 2000 psi (13.8 MPa)
in. (50 mm), whichever is closer, of the rounding equipment. in. For sizes 6 in. and larger, the minimum length shall be equal
See Test Method D2122 for definitions of nonroundable and to 3 times the diameter or 30 in. (762 mm), whichever is
roundable pipe. shorter.
(1) The pipe surface shall be free of gross imperfections
6.7.1.2 Test pressures shall be calculated using the pipe’s
such as, deep scratches, grooves, or high or low (flat) spots
actual measured minimum wall thickness, outside diameter,
around the pipe circumference.
and the applicable fiber stress. Piping intended for use at
temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) and higher shall be tested at
NOTE 7—Excessive out-of-roundness may be caused by manufacturing
both 73 °F (23 °C) and the maximum design temperature. The
irregularities around the circumference of the pipe, such as deep scratches,
gouges, flat spots, and high spots. Such defects could detrimentally affect
test fiber stress shall be the hydrostatic design basis (HDB) or
joining. To simulate field joining of roundable pipe, out-of-roundness is
80 % of the 100 000-h intercept of the material, whichever is
checked by fitting a rounding device on the pipe, then measuring diameter.
greater.
6.5.1.2 Wall Thickness—Make a minimum of six measure-
NOTE 8—Air, methane, or nitrogen may be substituted for water as the
ments at each cross section in accordance with Test Method
test medium.
D2122.
6.5.1.3 Wall Thickness Eccentricity Range—Measure in a
6.7.2 Maintain the specimens at the pressures required, held
manner such that the maximum, A, and the minimum, B, wall to 610 psi (0.07 MPa), for a period of 1000 h at the test
thickness at single points of each cross section measured are
temperature 63.6 °F (62 °C).
obtained. Calculate the wall thickness eccentricity range, E, in
6.7.3 Failure of two of the six specimens tested shall
percent for each cross section as follows:
constitute failure in the test. Failure of one of the six specimens
tested is cause for retest of six additional specimens. Failure of
E 5 A 2 B ⁄A × 100 (1)
@~ ! #
one of the six specimens in retest shall constitute failure in the
6.5.1.4 Length—Measure pipe length and other linear di-
test. Evidence of failure of the pipe shall be as defined in Test
mensions with a steel tape or other device, accurate to 6 ⁄32 in.
Method D1598.
(61 mm) in 10 ft (3 m).
6.8 Minimum Hydrostatic Burst Pressure (Quick Burst)—
6.5.2 Fittings—Measure the dimensions of fittings in accor-
dance with Test Method D2122. The test equipment, procedures, and failure definitions shall be
as specified in Test Method D1599. Pressures shall be at a
6.5.3 Ovality:
6.5.3.1 Apparatus—A micrometer or vernier caliper accu- stress greater than 3900 psi (27 MPa) or as calculated (using
the pipe’s actual measured minimum wall thickness, outside
rate to within 60.001 in. (60.02 mm).
6.5.3.2 Procedure—Take a series of outside diameter (OD) diameter, and the applicable fiber stress), whichever is greater.
measurements at closely spaced intervals around the circum-
6.9 Apparent Tensile Properties—The procedure and test
ference to ensure that the minimum and maximum diameters
equipment shall be as specified in Test Method D2290,
have been determined.
Procedure B. The speed of testing shall be 0.5 in. (12.7
6.5.3.3 Calculation—Calculate the percent ovality as fol-
mm)/min. Cut “ring” specimens from pipe. They shall be ⁄2 in.
lows:
(12.7 mm) wide with a ⁄4 in. (6.3 mm) wide reduced section.
maximum OD 2 minimum OD
Test a minimum of five specimens. This method is applicable
% ovality 5 × 200 (2)
OD minimum 1 OD maximum
to all pipe of nominal ⁄4 in. (19.0 mm) outside diameter and
larger.
6.6 Resistance to Rapid Crack Propagation (RCP)—Test in
accordance with ISO 13478 with the following modification.
6.10 Chemical Resistance—Determine the resistance to the
Temperature of cooling for the crack-initiation groove (10.1 of
following chemicals in accordance with Test Method D543.
ISO 13478:1997): 0 °C as prescribed in ISO 22621-1 Annex C.
Where available, the test specimen shall be a ring 2 in. SDR 11
6.7 Sustained Pressure Test: pipe cut to the ring dimensions specified in 6.10. For materials
6.7.1 Select six test specimens of pipe at random, condition that are not readily available as 2 in. SDR 11 pipe, the test
at the standard laboratory test temperature and humidity, and specimen shall be a plaque of material ⁄4 in. by 2 in. by 4 in.
pressure test in accordance with Test Method D1598. (6.3 mm by 50.8 mm by 101.6 mm) with a 1 in. (25.4 mm)
6.7.1.1 Test specimens shall be prepared so that the mini- wide reduced section. Test five specimens with each chemical.
mum length of pipe is equal to 5 times the diameter of the pipe Weigh the specimens to the nearest 0.005 g and completely
but in no case less than 12 in. (304 mm) for sizes less than 6 immerse them in the chemicals for 72 h. On removal from the
F2945 − 18 (2023)
chemicals, wipe the specimens with a clean dry cloth. Condi- 7.2 PA-11 pipe and fittings intended for natural gas service
tion in air for 2 h to 2 ⁄4 h and reweigh. Calculate the increase at elevated temperatures greater than 73 °F (23 °C) shall be
in weight to the nearest 0.01 % on the basis of initial weight. marked with additional code letters from Table 8 (the first code
Test the specimen in tension in accordance with 6.9 within ⁄2 letter to identify the temperature of pressure rating, the second
h after weighing. Examine the weight and apparent tensile code letter to identify HDB at highest rated temperature).
strength of each specimen for conformance to the requirement
NOTE 10—The non-mandatory, preferred order for all the items required
in 5.9 and Table 7. Warning—Because of the possible toxicity
in the print line in the marking sections 7.1 and 7.2 are: (1) Pipe size
of these reagents, refers to the Material Safety Data Sheet on including sizing system (IPS, CTS or OD), (2) SDR (DR) or minimum
wall thickness, (3) Manufacturer’s name or trademark, (4) GAS, (5) Pipe
each of these reagents before using or handling them.
material designation code, (that is, PA 32312 or 32316) (6) Elevated
temperature code from Table 8 as per 7.2 where applicable, (7) ASTM F
7. Marking
XXXX, (8) Manufacturer’s lot code (includes date of manufacture in
some cases), and (9) Additional information, including date of
7.1 Pipe—Required marking shall consist of the word GAS,
manufacture, coil number, sequential footage, third party certification
the designation ASTM F2945, the manufacturer’s name or
mark etc.
trademark, the nominal pipe size including the sizing system
7.2.1 Where applicable, PA 32312 and PA 32316 pipe shall
used (IPS, CTS, or OD), DR or minimum wall thickness,
be marked with the elevated temperature code letters in
material designation, date of manufacture, and shall be legible,
accordance with Table 8, in addition to the marking require-
visible, and permanent. To ensure permanence, marking shall
ments of 7.1.
be applied so it can only be removed by physically removing
part of the pipe wall. The marking shall (1) not reduce the wall
7.3 All PA11 pipe, tubing, and butt fusion fittings meeting
thickness to less than the minimum value for the pipe, (2) not
the requirements of this specification shall be marked with the
have any effect on the long-term strength of the pipe, and (3)
16-character tracking and traceability identifier in accordance
not provide leakage channels when elastomeric gasket com-
with Specification F2897. The 16-character code shall be
pression fittings are used to make the joints.
expressed in alpha-numeric format and Code 128 bar code
7.1.1 In addition to 7.1, the pipe marking shall include a
format with a minimum bar thickness value of 0.005 in. or an
coding that will enable the manufacturer to determine the
alternative 1D or 2D bar code symbology as agreed upon
location of manufacture, pipe production and resin lots, and
between manufacturer and end user. All fittings shall have the
any additional information which is agreed upon between the
16-character codes marked or affixed to the product, product
manufacturer and purchaser. The manufacturer shall maintain
packaging, or any manner agreed upon between manufacturer
such records for fifty years or for the design service life of the
and end user.
pipe, whichever is longer.
7.4 Butt Fusion Fittings—In addition to the applicable
7.1.2 All the markings in 7.1 and 7.1.1 shall be repeated at
requirements above, butt fusion fittings shall be marked in
intervals not exceeding 2 ft (0.6 m). For indented printing,
accordance with Annex A2.
either the indented print line shall be in a color that contrasts
with that of the pipe, or a separate print line shall be in a color 8. Quality Assurance
that contrasts with the pipe. When color is applied to identify
8.1 When the product is marked with this designation,
gas service, such as with color stripes, color print line, a color
F2945, the manufacturer affirms that the product was
shell or solid color pipe, yellow color shall be used.
manufactured, inspected, sampled, and tested in accordance
with this specification and has been found to meet the
NOTE 9—Using color to identify piping service is not mandatory, but if
used, yellow color is required. requirements of this specification.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
These requirements apply only to federal/military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.
NOTE S1—In U.S. federal contracts, the contractor is responsible for
S1. Responsibility for Inspection
inspection.
S1.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
S2. Packaging and Marking for U.S. Government Procure-
order, the producer is responsible for performance of all
ment
inspection and test requirements specified herein. The producer
shall use his own or any other suitable facilities for the S2.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified in the contract,
performance of the inspection and test requirements specified the materials shall be packaged in accordance with the suppli-
herein, unless the purchaser disapproves. The purchaser shall er’s standard practices in a manner ensuring arrival at destina-
have the right to perform any of the inspections and tests set tion in satisfactory condition and which will be acceptable to
forth in this specification where such inspections are deemed the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shall comply
necessary to ensure that material conforms to prescribed with Uniform Freight Classification rules or National Motor
requirements. Freight Classification rules.
F2945 − 18 (2023)
NOTE S2—The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement require-
S2.2 Marking—Marking for shipment shall be in accor-
ments should not be construed as an indication that the U.S. Government
dance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD
uses or endorses the products described in this specification.
129 for military agencies.
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1. IN-PLANT QUALITY CONTROL PROGRAM FOR PLASTIC PIPE AND FITTINGS UP TO AND INCLUDING 12 IN.
NOMINAL DIAMETER
A1.1 Quality Control Before this reduced sampling plan is considered, steady pro-
duction conditions must be carefully chosen to ensure a
A1.1.1 The following in-plant quality control program shall
continuous and consistent high quality output. Any interruption
be used to assure compliance with this specification. The pipe
(shutdown) or change in resin lot number, percentage rework,
and fittings producers shall maintain records on all aspects of
or production conditions outside normal operating variations
this program and supply these to the purchaser, if requested.
shall cause sampling to revert to Level 1. A sampling level
A1.1.2 In-Plant Quality Control Test Methods—Test meth-
change is considered only when approved by a production
ods other than those specified in Section 6 are used as long as
supervisor or authorized quality control personnel.
they provide equivalent results. In case of disagreement, those
Level 1 Test one specimen every 8 h. If 16 consecutive
test methods in the applicable ASTM standard shall be used.
specimens have met requirements, proceed to Level 2.
Level 2 Collect one specimen every 8 h. After 72 h (3 days)
A1.2 Pipe Tests
or portion thereof, test two randomly selected specimens. If
A1.2.1 Material and Extrusion Process Qualification—
both pass, discard the remaining 7 specimens. If any specimen
Sustained pressure tests shall be made on one pipe size in the
fails to meet requirements, revert to Level 1 (see also Note
range of 2 in., or less, and on one pipe size in the range of 2 ⁄2
A1.1). Product for which a specimen has been collected shall
in., or greater. This test shall also be made on pipe from each
not be shipped until after the 72-h time period and randomly
particular commercial plastic resin initially and at least twice a
selected samples have been tested. Continue to test 2 out of 9
year thereafter for material and extrusion process qualification
specimens for 16 three-day periods (48 days of production),
and not as a quality control on the product. This test shall be
then proceed to Level 3. Level 3 Collect one specimen every
made in accordance with 6.7.
8 h. After 21 days or portion thereof, test three randomly
selected specimens. If all three pass, discard the remaining
A1.2.2 Product Quality Control—The tests in Table A1.1
specimens. If any specimen fails to meet requirements, revert
shall be made per size per extrusion die at the denoted
to Level 1 (see also Note A1.3). Product for which a specimen
frequencies and the test results recorded and filed for inspec-
has been collected shall not be shipped until after the 21-day
tion on request.
NOTE A1.1—When the pipe fails to meet this specification in any test, time period. Continue testing at Level 3 until production
additional tests shall be made on the pipe produced back to the previous
conditions necessitate reverting to Level 1.
acceptable result to select the pipe produced in the interim that does pass
the requir
...