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ASTM D1204-14(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature

Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extrusion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot uniformity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced during processing.  
4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732, which uses a liquid medium.  
4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the specifications of the material being tested, if available. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM material specifications, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film that result from exposure of the material to specified conditions of elevated temperature and time.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared between the two methods).  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2020
ICS
83.140.10 - Films and sheets
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.19 - Film, Sheeting, and Molded Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1204-14 - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM D883-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Feb-2024
Refers
ASTM D883-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2023
Refers
ASTM D883-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Jan-2020
Refers
ASTM D883-19c - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019
Refers
ASTM D883-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Dec-2018
Refers
ASTM D883-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
01-Nov-2018
Refers
ASTM D883-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Aug-2017
Refers
ASTM D2732-14 - Standard Test Method for Unrestrained Linear Thermal Shrinkage of Plastic Film<brk/> and Sheeting
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Refers
ASTM D883-12e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-Nov-2012
Refers
ASTM D4000-12 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Refers
ASTM D883-11 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
Effective Date
15-May-2011
Refers
ASTM D4000-11 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
01-Apr-2011

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ASTM D1204-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated TemperatureASTM D1204-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
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ASTM D1204-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
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Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1204 − 14 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic
Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1204; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standard
ISO 11501 Plastics: Film and Sheeting—Determination of
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of changes in
Dimensional Change on Heating
linear dimensions of nonrigid thermoplastic sheeting or film
thatresultfromexposureofthematerialtospecifiedconditions
3. Terminology
of elevated temperature and time.
3.1 Definitions—Terms applicable to this test method are
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
defined in Terminology D883.
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 This test method is particularly applicable to nonrigid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thermoplastic sheeting or film made by the calender or extru-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
sion process. The test gives an indication of lot-to-lot unifor-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
mity in regards to the degree of internal strains introduced
NOTE 1—This test method and ISO 11501 address the same matter, but
during processing.
differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared
4.2 The heating medium in this test method is air and does
between the two methods).
not necessarily yield the same results as Test Method D2732,
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
which uses a liquid medium.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.3 Before proceeding with this test method, review the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
specificationsofthematerialbeingtested,ifavailable.Anytest
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the relevant
ASTM material specification shall take precedence over those
2. Referenced Documents
mentioned in this test method. If there are no relevant ASTM
material specifications, then the default conditions apply.Table
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1 of Classification System D4000 lists the ASTM material
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
standards that currently exist.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2732 Test Method for Unrestrained Linear Thermal
5. Apparatus
Shrinkage of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
5.1 Oven—Amechanical convection oven capable of main-
als
taining a temperature of 100 6 1°C.
5.2 Scale, graduated in 0.25-mm (0.01-in.) divisions, 30 cm
(12 in.) or more in length.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
5.3 Thermometer, graduated in 1°C divisions, with a range
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film, Sheeting, and
Molded Products.
suitable for the test temperature used.
Current edition approved April 1, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally
5.4 Timer, graduated in minutes.
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1204 - 14. DOI:
10.1520/D1204-14R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
-------------------
...

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4.1 The attribute of clarity of a sheet, measured by its ability to transmit image-forming light, correlates with its regular transmittance. Sensitivity to differences improves with decreasing incident beam- and receptor-angle. If the angular width of the incident beam and of the receptor aperture (as seen from the specimen position) are of the order of 0.1° or less, sheeting of commercial interest have a range of transparency of about 10 to 90 % as measured by this test. Results obtained by the use of this test method are greatly influenced by the design parameters of the instruments; for example, the resolution is largely determined by the angular width of the receptor aperture. Caution should therefore be exercised in comparing results obtained from different instruments, especially for samples with low regular transmittance.  
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Standard Test Method for Wetting Tension of Polyethylene and Polypropylene Films

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 When a drop of liquid rests on the surface of a solid, and a gas is in contact with both, the forces acting at the interfaces must balance. These forces can be represented by surface energies acting in the direction of the surfaces and it follows that:
   where:
  θ  =  angle of contact of the edge of the drop with the solid surface,   γGL  =  surface energy of the gas - liquid interface,   γGS  =  surface energy of the gas - solid interface, and   γSL  =  surface energy of the solid - liquid interface.    
5.1.1 The right side of the above equation (the difference between the surface energies of the gas - solid and solid - liquid interfaces) is defined as the wetting tension of the solid surface. It is not a fundamental property of the surface but depends on interaction between the solid and a particular environment.  
5.1.2 When the gas is air saturated with vapors of the liquid, γGL will be the surface tension of the liquid. If the angle of contact is 0° the liquid is said to just wet the surface of the solid, and in this particular case (since cos θ = 1) the wetting tension of the solid will be equal to the surface tension of the liquid.  
5.2 The ability of polyethylene and polypropylene films to retain inks, coatings, adhesives, etc., is primarily dependent upon the character of their surfaces, and can be improved by one of several surface-treating techniques. These same treating techniques have been found to increase the wetting tension of a polyethylene or a polypropylene film surface in contact with mixtures of formamide and ethyl Cellosolve in the presence of air. It is therefore possible to relate the wetting tension of a polyethylene or a polypropylene film surface to its ability to accept and retain inks, coatings, adhesives, etc. The measured wetting tension of a specific film surface can only be related to acceptable ink, coating, or adhesive retention through experience. Wetting tension in itself is not a completely acceptable measur...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the wetting tension of a polyethylene or polypropylene film surface in contact with drops of specific test solutions in the presence of air.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Standard Test Method for Diffuse Light Transmission Factor of Reinforced Plastics Panels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this test method is to obtain the diffuse light transmittance factor of both flat and corrugated translucent building panels by the use of simple apparatus and by employing as a light source a combination of fluorescent tubes whose energy distribution closely approximates CIE Source C.
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1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in the parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in Tables and Figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
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Standard Practice for Fabrication of Ring Test Specimens for Glass-Resin Composites

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides a uniform procedure for fabricating glass fiber/thermoset resin ring samples for use as test specimens. Specimens so prepared can be used in Test Methods D2290 and D2344/D2344M.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in the fabrication of ring-type test specimens to be used in the evaluation of the mechanical properties of reinforcement and resins in a composite structure. The practice outlines the steps in the preparation of the test specimens, including the final specimen machining where applicable. Three final ring configurations are included.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this practice.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off