ASTM C871-08ae1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, and Sodium Ions
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, and Sodium Ions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Research has demonstrated that in addition to the halide ion chloride; fluoride ions, when deposited and concentrated on the surface of austenitic stainless steel, can contribute to external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) in the absence of inhibiting ions. Two widely used insulation specifications that are specific to ESCC allow the use of the same Test Methods C692 and C871 for evaluation of insulation materials. Both specifications require fluoride ions to be included with chloride ions when evaluating the extractable ions.
Chlorides (and fluorides) can be constituents of the insulating material or of the environment, or both. Moisture in the insulation or from the environment can cause chlorides (and fluorides) to migrate through the insulation and concentrate at the hot stainless steel surface.
The presence of sodium and silicate ions in the insulation has been found to inhibit external stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride (and fluoride) ions, whether such ions come from the insulation itself or from external sources. Furthermore, if the ratio of sodium and silicate ions to chloride (and fluoride) ions is in a certain proportion in the insulation, external stress corrosion cracking as a result of the presence of chloride (and fluoride) in the insulation will be prevented or at least mitigated (see also Specification C795).
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory procedures for the determination of water-leachable chloride, fluoride, silicate, and sodium ions in thermal insulation materials in the parts per million range.
1.2 Selection of one of the test methods listed for each of the ionic determinations required shall be made on the basis of laboratory capability and availability of the required equipment and appropriateness to the concentration of the ion in the extraction solution.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:C871–08a
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for
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Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, and Sodium Ions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C871; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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´ NOTE—Footnote 10 was editorially corrected in February 2011.
1. Scope D1428 TestMethodforSodiumandPotassiuminWaterand
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Water-Formed Deposits by Flame Photometry
1.1 These test methods cover laboratory procedures for the
2.2 AWWA Standards:
determination of water-leachable chloride, fluoride, silicate,
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4500-Si D Molybdosilicate Method for Silica
andsodiumionsinthermalinsulationmaterialsinthepartsper
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4500-Si E Heteropoly Blue Method for Silica
million range.
1.2 Selectionofoneofthetestmethodslistedforeachofthe
3. Terminology
ionic determinations required shall be made on the basis of
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C168 for definitions
laboratorycapabilityandavailabilityoftherequiredequipment
relating to insulation.
and appropriateness to the concentration of the ion in the
extraction solution.
4. Summary of Test Methods
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 Insulation specimens are leached for 30 min in boiling
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
water. Tests to determine quantitatively chloride, fluoride,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
silicate, and sodium ions are performed on aliquots of the
and are not considered standard.
filtered leachate solution.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 Analysis for Chloride:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2.1 Amperometric-coulometric titration test method.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2.2 Titrimetric test method. This method is no longer
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
recommended as requested byASTM International due to use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of a specific hazardous substance.
4.2.3 Specific ion electrode test method.
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.3 Analysis for Fluoride:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3.1 Specific ion electrode test method.
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
4.3.2 SPADNS colorimetric test method.
C692 Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal
4.4 Analysis for Silicate:
Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Ten-
4.4.1 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry test method.
dency of Austenitic Stainless Steel
4.4.2 Colorimetric test methods—AWWAMethods4500-Si
C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-
D and 4500-Si E.
tact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
4.5 Analysis for Sodium:
C871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal
4.5.1 Flame photometric test method
Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride,
Test Methods D1428.
Silicate, and Sodium Ions
4.5.2 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry test method.
4.5.3 Sodium Ion-Selective electrode.
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5. Significance and Use
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.31 on
5.1 Research has demonstrated that in addition to the halide
Chemical and Physical Properties.
ionchloride;fluorideions,whendepositedandconcentratedon
Current edition approved Feb. 17, 2011. Published January 2009. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C871–08. DOI:
10.1520/C0871-08A.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM on www.astm.org.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 17th
the ASTM website. Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, DC, 1989.
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C871–08a
the surface of austenitic stainless steel, can contribute to 8. Test Specimen
external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) in the absence of
8.1 Apparatus and tools used for special preparation and
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inhibiting ions. Two widely used insulation specifications that
leaching shall be clean and free of chlorides, fluorides, sili-
are specific to ESCC allow the use of the same Test Methods
cates,sodium,andacidicoralkalinematerialsthatmighta
...
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