ASTM A354-17e2

Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts, studs, and other externally threaded fasteners. All fasteners shall be made from alloy steel conforming to the chemical composition requirements. Two levels of bolting strength are covered, designated Grades BC and BD. Selection will depend upon design and the stresses and service for which the product is to be used. Hardness, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and area reduction shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers the chemical and mechanical requirements of quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts, studs, and other externally threaded fasteners 4 in. and under in diameter for application at normal atmospheric temperatures, where high strength is required and for limited application at elevated temperature (Note 1). Any alloy steel capable of meeting the mechanical and chemical properties set forth in this specification may be used.  
Note 1: For bolts, studs, or other externally threaded fasteners, to be used at elevated temperatures, refer to Specification A193/A193M.  
1.2 Two strength levels are covered, designated Grades BC and BD. Selection will depend upon design and the stresses and service for which the product is to be used.  
Note 2: Quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts for structural steel joints up through 11/2 in. in diameter are covered in Specification F3125/F3125M. For fastener diameter sizes above 1 1/2 in., Grade BC may be considered for structural steel bolting where tensile strength above 120 ksi is necessary and Grade BD may be considered for structural steel bolting where tensile strength above 150 ksi is necessary. In this event, additional requirements of Specification F3125/F3125M, such as head size, lubricant, and magnetic particle inspection, should be carefully considered.  
1.3 Nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unless otherwise specified, the grade and style of nut for each grade of fastener shall be as follows:    
Grade of Fastener and Surface Finish  
Nut Grade and
StyleA  
BC, plain (or with a coating of insufficient thick-
ness to require over-tapped nuts)  
C, heavy hex    
BC, zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness re-
quiring over-tapped nuts)  
DH, heavy hex    
BD, all finishes  
DH, heavy hex  
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided at the end of this standard.  
1.5 Terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2017
• ICS: 21.060.10 - Bolts, screws, studs
• Technical Committee: F16 - Fasteners
• Drafting Committee: F16.02 - Steel Bolts, Studs and Nuts

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM A354-17e1 - Standard Specification for Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other Externally Threaded Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-May-2017
• Refers: ASTM E23-24 - Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM A193/A193M-24 - Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM F1470-24 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM F2329/F2329M-15(2023) - Standard Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts, Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F1789-23 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F3125/F3125M-23 - Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts and Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, Inch Dimensions 120 ksi and 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, and Metric Dimensions 830 MPa and 1040 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM F3125/F3125M-19 - Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts and Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, Inch Dimensions 120 ksi and 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, and Metric Dimensions 830 MPa and 1040 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Refers: ASTM F3125/F3125M-18 - Standard Specification for High Strength Structural Bolts and Assemblies, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, Inch Dimensions 120 ksi and 150 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength, and Metric Dimensions 830 MPa and 1040 MPa Minimum Tensile Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-18a - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-18 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2018
• Refers: ASTM F1470-18 - Standard Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM F1789-17 - Standard Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM F606/F606M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM F436/F436M-16 - Standard Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch and Metric Dimensions
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016

Overview

ASTM A354-17e2 is the internationally recognized standard specification for quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts, studs, and other externally threaded fasteners. Developed by ASTM, this standard defines the chemical and mechanical requirements for high-strength fasteners up to 4 inches in diameter, intended for applications that demand superior mechanical properties at normal atmospheric temperatures, and for certain uses at elevated temperatures. ASTM A354 helps ensure quality, safety, and reliable performance for critical connections in construction and engineering environments.

Key Topics

• Grades BC and BD: The specification covers two strength levels, designated as Grade BC and Grade BD. Selection depends on application stresses and design requirements.
• Material and Manufacture: Fasteners must be produced from alloy steel conforming to specific chemical composition requirements. All items are subject to quenching and tempering heat treatments to achieve the required properties.
• Mechanical and Chemical Requirements: Includes detailed criteria for:
  • Hardness
  • Tensile strength
  • Yield strength
  • Elongation
  • Reduction of area
  • Charpy impact energy (for some Grade BD fasteners)
• Threads and Dimensions: Fasteners are supplied with Unified National thread series, with Class 2A tolerances unless otherwise specified. Hex bolts conform to ASME B18.2.1 dimensions.
• Coatings and Finishes: Optional requirements for hot-dip or mechanically deposited zinc coatings. Other finishes or coatings are allowed if specified by the purchaser.
• Testing and Inspection: Mechanical tests, hardness checks, and (for some products) impact and cross-sectional hardness testing are required to verify conformance. Magnetic particle, eddy current, or liquid penetrant inspections can be optionally specified for critical applications.
• Marking and Certification: All products must be properly marked with grade and manufacturer identification for full traceability. Test reports and certification can be provided when specified.

Applications

ASTM A354 fasteners are used extensively in industries and projects where high-strength properties are crucial, particularly where reliable performance under demanding service conditions is required:

• Structural Steel Construction: Ideal for securing connections in bridges, buildings, and heavy steel frameworks where significant loads are present.
• Machinery and Equipment: Used in the assembly of large machinery, heavy vehicles, and industrial installations requiring durable, high-strength bolted connections.
• Infrastructure Projects: Suitable for applications in highways, railways, and infrastructural supports where environmental and load conditions vary.
• Limited High Temperature Service: While primarily intended for ambient conditions, these fasteners can be used in certain elevated temperature applications, with guidance to refer to other standards for such uses.

Fastener selection, including grade and nut compatibility, should be based on design calculations, desired strength, and specific project requirements.

Related Standards

For best practices and broader compatibility, ASTM A354 should be used in conjunction with the following standards:

• ASTM A193/A193M: For alloy steel bolting in high temperature or high-pressure applications.
• ASTM F3125/F3125M: Specifies requirements for quenched and tempered structural bolts for steel connections up to larger sizes.
• ASTM A563: Standard for carbon and alloy steel nuts, ensuring proper pairing for Grade BC and BD fasteners.
• ASME B18.2.1, B1.1: Cover bolt and thread dimensions.
• ASTM F788/F788M: Surface discontinuity limits.
• ASTM F1470: Sampling and lot control for quality assurance.
• ASTM F606/F606M: Mechanical testing methods.

Practical Value

By following ASTM A354-17e2, manufacturers, engineers, and contractors benefit from:

• Consistent, high-strength fastener performance
• Clear material and mechanical property requirements
• Global recognition and acceptance in project specifications
• Enhanced safety, reliability, and traceability in critical applications

Selecting fasteners in accordance with ASTM A354 ensures reliable connections vital for safety and structural stability in demanding environments.

Keywords

quenched alloy steel bolts, tempered alloy fasteners, ASTM A354, high-strength bolts, BD grade bolts, structural studs, atmospheric temperature fasteners, mechanical properties, steel construction fasteners, externally threaded fastener standards

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´2
Designation:A354 −17
Standard Specification for
Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Bolts, Studs, and Other
Externally Threaded Fasteners
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Table 4 was editorially corrected in November 2017.
ε NOTE—13.1.5 was editorially corrected in November 2018.
1. Scope*
Nut Grade and
A
Grade of Fastener and Surface Finish Style
1.1 This specification covers the chemical and mechanical
BC, plain (or with a coating of insufficient thick- C, heavy hex
ness to require over-tapped nuts)
requirementsofquenchedandtemperedalloysteelbolts,studs,
BC, zinc-coated (or with a coating thickness re- DH, heavy hex
and other externally threaded fasteners 4 in. and under in
quiring over-tapped nuts)
diameter for application at normal atmospheric temperatures,
BD, all finishes DH, heavy hex
where high strength is required and for limited application at
A
Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Specifica-
elevated temperature (Note 1). Any alloy steel capable of
tion A563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut are suitable.
meeting the mechanical and chemical properties set forth in
1.4 Optional supplementary requirements are provided at
this specification may be used.
the end of this standard.
NOTE 1—For bolts, studs, or other externally threaded fasteners, to be
used at elevated temperatures, refer to Specification A193/A193M. 1.5 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-
nology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.
1.2 Two strength levels are covered, designated Grades BC
and BD. Selection will depend upon design and the stresses
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and service for which the product is to be used.
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
NOTE 2—Quenched and tempered alloy steel bolts for structural steel
joints up through 1 ⁄2 in. in diameter are covered in Specification
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
F3125/F3125M.Forfastenerdiametersizesabove1 ⁄2in.,GradeBCmay
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
be considered for structural steel bolting where tensile strength above 120
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ksi is necessary and Grade BD may be considered for structural steel
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
bolting where tensile strength above 150 ksi is necessary. In this event,
additional requirements of Specification F3125/F3125M, such as head mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
size, lubricant, and magnetic particle inspection, should be carefully
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
considered.
1.3 Nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unless other-
2. Referenced Documents
wise specified, the grade and style of nut for each grade of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fastener shall be as follows:
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
cal Analysis of Steel Products
B695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 on posited on Iron and Steel
Fasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,
Nuts, Rivets and Washers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A354 – 11. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/A0354-17E02. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-354 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´2
A354−17
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me- 3.1.6 Zinc Coating—When zinc-coated fasteners are
tallic Materials required, specify the zinc-coating process required, for ex-
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing ample hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference (see
E1268 Practice for Assessing the Degree of Banding or 4.3).
Orientation of Microstructures
3.1.7 Other Finishes—Specify other protective finish, if
E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing required.
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
3.1.8 Specify if inspection at point of manufacture is
E2884 Guide for Eddy Current Testing of Electrically Con- required,
ducting Materials Using Conformable Sensor Arrays
3.1.9 Specify if Test Reports (Section 17) are required,
F436/F436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers Inch
3.1.10 Specify additional testing (Section 12) or special
and Metric Dimensions
requirements, and
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
3.1.11 Any supplementary requirements.
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, see
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
ASME B18.24.
F788/F788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities of
Bolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric Series
4. Materials and Manufacture
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
4.1 All fasteners shall be heat-treated. At the option of the
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
manufacturer, heat treatment may be performed on the raw
F1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners
material, during the manufacturing operations, or after final
F2328 Test Method for Determining Decarburization and
forming or machining. Heat treatment shall consist of quench-
Carburization in Hardened andTempered,Threaded, Steel
inginaliquidmediumfromabovetheaustenitetransformation
Bolts, Screws, Studs, and Nuts
temperature and then tempering by reheating to a temperature
F2329/F2329M Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip,
of not less than 800°F. When heat treatment is performed after
Requirements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel
threading for headed fasteners or double end studs, the fasten-
Bolts, Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded
ers shall be quenched in oil.
Fasteners
F3125/F3125M Specification for High Strength Structural NOTE 3—The manufacturer should ensure that the austenite transfor-
mation temperature has been exceeded and sufficient time allowed to
Bolts, Steel and Alloy Steel, Heat Treated, 120 ksi (830
achieve adequate transformation to martensite throughout the fastener
MPa) and 150 ksi (1040 MPa) MinimumTensile Strength,
during quenching. This requirement is especially critical for sizes above
Inch and Metric Dimensions
1 ⁄2 in. as they require more time for heat transfer from the center. This
microstructure helps to ensure uniform mechanical properties, specifically
2.2 ASME Standards:
hardness, strength and toughness, are achieved throughout the fastener.
B1.1 Unified Screw Threads
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch Series 4.2 Washers for bolts supplied to this standard shall be in
accordance with Specification F436/F436M. Nuts for bolts
B18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Stan-
dard for B18 Fastener Products supplied to this standard shall be in accordance with Specifi-
cation A563.
2.3 ISO Publication
ISO TR 20491 Fundamentals of Hydrogen Embrittlement in 4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposited
Steel Fasteners Requiring Over-tapped Nuts:
4.3.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the pur-
3. Ordering Information chaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example,
hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or no preference.
3.1 Orders for bolts and studs (including nuts and accesso-
4.3.2 When “hot-dip” is specified, the threaded components
ries) under this specification shall include the following:
(bolts and nuts) shall be zinc coated by the hot-dip process in
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
accordance with the requirements of Specification F2329/
3.1.2 Name of product (that is, bolt or stud),
F2329M.
3.1.3 Grade (that is, BC or BD),
4.3.3 When “mechanically deposited” is specified, the
3.1.4 Quantities (number of pieces by size, including nuts,
threaded components (bolts and nuts) shall be zinc-coated by
and washers),
the mechanical-deposition process in accordance with the
3.1.5 Size, including nominal bolt diameter and bolt length, requirements of Class 55 of Specification B695.
and thread pitch if other than standard,
4.3.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier may
furnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance with
SpecificationF2329/F2329M,oramechanicallydepositedzinc
coating in accordance with Specification B695, Class 55.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
Threaded components (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by the
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
same zinc-coating process and the supplier’s option is limited
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
to one process per item with no mixed processes in a lot.
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
4.3.5 Unless otherwise specified, when zinc-coated washers
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Pending approval. are required, the washers shall be hot-dip zinc coated in
´2
A354−17
accordance with Specification F2329/F2329M, or mechani- 6. Mechanical Properties
cally deposited zinc-coated in accordance with Specification
6.1 Tensile Properties:
B695, Class 55. The coating process for the washers need not
6.1.1 Except as permitted in 6.1.2 and 6.1.3, diameters of
be the same as that for the threaded components (bolts and
headed fasteners 1 in. and smaller having a nominal length of
nuts).
2 ⁄4 D and longer, and diameters over 1 in. having a nominal
length of 3D and longer, shall be wedge tested full size to Test
NOTE 4—See ISO TR 20491 , “Fundamentals of Hydrogen Embrittle-
ment in Steel Fasteners”, listed in 2.3, in regard to the susceptibility of
Method F606/F606M and shall conform to the tensile load and
high hardness, electroplated zinc coated materials to hydrogen embrittle-
proof load in Table 3.
ment.
6.1.2 Headed fasteners with diameters 1 in. and smaller
4.4 Other Coatings:
having a nominal length shorter than 2 ⁄4 D down to 2D,
4.4.1 When other coatings are required, the purchaser shall
inclusive, that cannot be wedge tensile tested, shall be axially
specify the coating specification, including the classification
tension tested full size to Test Method F606/F606M and shall
codes or grade numbers to identify the coating material,
conform to the tensile load and proof load in Table 3.
thickness, supplemental treatments, or other requirements to
6.1.3 Headed fasteners with diameters 1 in. and smaller
define the coating. The fasteners shall be coated in accordance
having a nominal length shorter than 2D and diameters larger
with and conform to the specified coating specification.
than 1 in. with nominal lengths shorter than 3D that cannot be
4.4.2 When a specification does not apply, the purchaser
axially tensile tested shall be accepted on the basis of hardness
shallspecifythedesiredcoating,coatingthickness,supplemen-
in Table 2.
tary treatments, or other requirements to define the coating.
6.1.4 Studs with nominal lengths of 5D and longer shall be
axially tension tested full size and shall conform to the tensile
5. Chemical Composition
load and proof load in Table 3. Studs with nominal lengths less
5.1 All fasteners shall be made from alloy steel conforming
than 5D shall be qualified on the basis of hardness in Table 2.
to the chemical composition requirements in accordance with
6.1.5 Fracture on full-size tests shall be in the threads of the
Table 1. The steel shall contain sufficient alloying elements to
fastener without fracture at the junction of the head and body.
qualify it as an alloy steel.
6.1.6 When the sizes of the fastener makes full-size testing
impractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shall
5.2 Product analysis may be made by the purchaser from
conform to the requirements in Table 4. When bolts are tested
finished material representing each lot of fasteners. Choice of
bybothfull-sizeandmachinedspecimenmethods,thefull-size
alloy steel composition necessary to ensure meeting the speci-
test shall take precedence.
fied mechanical requirements shall be made by the manufac-
turer and shall be reported to the purchaser for information
6.2 Hardness—Fasteners shall conform to the hardness in
purposes only.
Table 2. Fasteners over 2 ⁄4 in. in nominal diameter shall
conform to the cross sectional hardness requirements in Sec-
5.3 Application of heats of steel to which bismuth,
tion 9.
selenium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall
not be permitted.
6.3 For fasteners on which both hardness and tension tests
are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall
5.4 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance
take precedence in the event that there is controversy over low
with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
readings of hardness tests, except as stated in 9.1.1.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
7. Carburization/Decarburization
Alloy Steel for Sizes through 4 in. for Grade BC and through 2 ⁄4 in. for
7.1 Requirements:
Grade BD
7.1.1 Carburization—The bolts shall show no evidence of a
Element Heat Analysis, % Product
Analysis, %
carburized surface when evaluated in accordance with Test
Carbon: 0.30 to 0.53 0.28 to 0.55
Method F2328.
Manganese, min 0.600 0.570
7.1.2 Decarburization—Hardness value differences shall
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040
not exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization in
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045
Boron, max 0.003 0.003
Test Method F2328. Grade BC shall meet the requirements of
AA
Alloying Elements
Class 1 and Grade BD shall meet the requirements of Class 2,
Alloy Steel for Grade BD Sizes over 2 ⁄4 in. through 4 in.
regardless of size.
Element Heat Product
Analysis, % Analysis, %
Carbon 0.35-0.53 0.33-0.55
TABLE 2 Hardness Requirements for Full-Size Fasteners
Nickel, min 0.400 0.380
Chromium, min 0.400 0.380
Hardness
Molybdenum, min 0.150 0.150
Size, in. Grade Brinell Rockwell C
Manganese, min 0.600 0.570
Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045
Boron, max 0.003 0.003
1 1
⁄4 to 2 ⁄2 BC 255 331 26 36
AA
Other Alloying Elements
Over 2 ⁄2 BC 235 311 22 33
A
All sizes BD 311 352 33 38
See Terminology F1789 for alloy steel definition.
´2
A354−17
TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements for All Full-Size Fasteners—Inch-Pound Units
Bolt Threads Stress Grade BC Grade BD
A
Size, per Area,
Ultimate Yield Ultimate Ultimate Yield
in.
Proof
in. inch
Tensile Proof Load, Strength Tensile Tensile Strength
Load,
C
Load, lbf (0.2 % offset), Load, Load, (0.2 % offset),
G
lbf
B D E F H
min, lbf min, lbf min, lb max, lbf min, lbf
12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
⁄4 20 0.0318 4 000 3 350 3 450 4 750 5 500 3 800 4 100
⁄4 28 0.0364 4 550 3 820 3 950 5 450 6 300 4 350 4 700
⁄16 18 0.0524 6 550 5 500 5 700 7 850 9 050 6 300 6 800
⁄16 24 0.0580 7 250 6 090 6 300 8 700 10 000 6 950 7 500
⁄8 16 0.0775 9 700 8 150 8 450 11 650 13 400 9 300 10 075
⁄8 24 0.0878 11 000 9 220 9 550 13 200 15 200 10 500 11 400
⁄16 14 0.1063 13 300 11 150 11 600 15 950 18 400 12 750 13 850
⁄16 20 0.1187 14 840 12 470 12 900 17 800 20 550 14 200 15 400
⁄2 13 0.1419 17 750 14 900 15 450 21 300 24 550 17 050 18 500
⁄2 20 0.1599 19 990 16 790 17 400 24 000 27 650 19 200 20 750
⁄16 12 0.182 22 750 19 100 19 850 27 300 31 500 21 850 23 600
⁄16 18 0.203 25 400 21 400 22 100 30 400 35 100 24 400 26 350
⁄8 11 0.226 28 250 23 750 24 650 33 900 39 100 27 100 29 400
⁄8 18 0.256 32 000 26 800 27 900 38 400 44 300 30 700 33 250
⁄4 10 0.334 41 750 35 050 36 400 50 100 57 800 40 100 43 400
⁄4 16 0.373 46 600 39 100 40 650 56 000 64 550 44 800 48 450
⁄8 9 0.462 57 750 48 500 50 350 69 300 79 950 55 450 60 100
⁄8 14 0.509 63 600 53 400 55 450 76 400 88 000 61 100 66 150
1 8 0.606 75 750 63 650 66 050 90 900 104 850 72 700 78 800
1 12 0.663 82 900 69 700 72 250 99 400 114 700 79 600 86 150
1 14 UNS 0.679 84 900 71 300 74 400 101 900 117 500 81 500 88 250
1 ⁄8 7 0.763 95 400 80 100 83 150 114 450 132 000 91 550 99 200
1 ⁄8 8 0.790 98 750 82 950 86 200 118 500 136 700 94 800 102 700
1 ⁄8 12 0.856 107 000 89 800 93 300 128 400 148 000 102 700 111 250
1 ⁄4 7 0.969 121 150 101 750 105 600 145 350 167 650 116 300 126 000
1 ⁄4 8 1.000 125 000 105 000 109 000 150 000 173 000 120 000 130 000
1 ⁄4 12 1.073 134 100 112 600 116 950 161 000 185 600 128 800 139 450
1 ⁄8 6 1.155 144 400 121 300 125 900 173 250 199 850 138 600 150 200
1 ⁄8 8 1.233 154 150 129 450 134 400 185 000 213 300 148 000 160 300
1 ⁄8 12 1.315 164 400 138 100 143 300 197 200 227 500 157 800 170 950
1 ⁄2 6 1.405 175 650 147 550 153 150 210 750 243 100 168 600 182 500
1 ⁄2 8 1.492 186 500 156 650 162 250 233 800 258 100 175 050 194 000
1 ⁄2 12 1.581 197 600 166 000 172 300 237 200 273 500 189 700 205 500
1 ⁄4 5 1.90 237 500 199 500 207 100 285 000 328 700 228 000 247 000
1 ⁄4 8 2.08 260 000 218 400 226 700 312 000 359 800 249 600 270 000
24 ⁄2 2.50 312 500 262 500 272 500 375 000 432 500 300 000 325 000
2 8 2.77 346 250 290 850 301 950 415 000 480 000 332 400 360 000
1 1
2 ⁄4 4 ⁄2 3.25 406 250 341 250 354 250 487 000 562 250 390 000 422 500
2 ⁄4 8 3.56 445 000 373 800 388 050 534 000 616 000 422 200 462 800
2 ⁄2 4 4.00 500 000 420 000 436 000 600 000 692 000 480 000 520 000
2 ⁄2 8 4.44 550 000 466 200 483 950 666 000 768 100 532 800 577 200
2 ⁄4 4 4.93 566 950 468 350 488 050 739 500 853 000 591 600 640 900
2 ⁄4 8 5.43 624 450 515 850 537 550 814 500 939 400 651 600 705 900
3 4 5.97 686 550
...