ASTM D6618-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test method is designed to relate to high-speed, supercharged diesel engine operation and, in particular, to the deposit control characteristics and antiwear properties of diesel crankcase lubricating oils.
5.2 The test method is useful for the evaluation of diesel engine oil quality and crankcase oil specification acceptance. This test method, along with others, defines the minimum performance level of the API categories CF and CF-2 (detailed information about passing limits for these categories is included in Specification D4485). It is also used in MIL-PRF-2104.
5.3 The results are significant only when all details of the procedure are followed. The basic engine used in this test method has a precombustion chamber (as compared to direct injection) and is most useful in predicting performance of engines similarly equipped. This factor should be considered when extrapolating test results. It has been found useful in predicting results with high sulfur fuels (that is, greater than 0.5 % by mass) and with certain preemission controlled engines. It has also been found useful when correlated with deposit control in two-stroke cycle diesel engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).
Note 1: Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Scope
1
Reference Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus
6
Test Engine
6.1
Engine Accessories
6.2 – 6.14
Engine Oil System
6.15
Cooling System
6.16
Fuel System
6.17
Intake Air System
6.18
Exhaust System
6.19
Blowby Meter
6.20
Thermocouples
6.21
Parts
6.22
Instrumentation
6.23
Crankcase Paint
6.24
Reagents and Materials
7
Fuel
7.1
Test Oil
7.2
Engine Coolant
7.3
Cleaning Materials
7.4
Safety
8
Preparation of Apparatus
9
Supplementary Service Information
9.1
General Engine Inspection
9.2
Intake Air System
9.3
Cooling System
9.4
Engine Cooling System Cleaning
9.5
Instrumentation Calibration Requirements
9.6
Engine Crankcase Cleaning
9.7
Additional Oil Filter
9.8
Flushing Procedure Components
9.9
Flushing Procedures
9.10
Piston Cleaning Preparation
9.11
Cylinder Head
9.12
Fuel Nozzle
9.13
Measurement
9.14
Procedure
10
Engine Break-in
10.1
Pre-Test Preparations
10.2
Warm-up Procedure
10.3
Operating Conditions
10.4
Periodic Measureme...
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6618 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle
1
Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance.
2
However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the
test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether
their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.
Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking
qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement,
in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method.
1. Scope* 1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are provided for
information only.
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel
engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
high-temperature performance characteristics, particularly ring
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
deposits. Such oils include both single viscosity SAE grade and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
commonly known as the 1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
and the military category described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see
Scope 1
Note 1). Reference Documents 2
Terminology 3
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil Summary of Test Method 4
performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
discussed in SAE J304. The companion tests used by the military can be
Test Engine 6.1
found in MIL-PRF-2104.
Engine Accessories 6.2 – 6.14
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Engine Oil System 6.15
Cooling System 6.16
standard.
Fuel System 6.17
Intake Air System 6.18
Exhaust System 6.19
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Blowby Meter 6.20
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Thermocouples 6.21
Subcommittee D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils. The test engine sequences
Parts 6.22
were originally developed in 1956 by ASTM Committee D02. Subsequently, the Instrumentation 6.23
procedures were published in an ASTM Special Technical Publication. Crankcase Paint 6.24
Reagents and Materials 7
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
Fuel 7.1
in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6618 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/
Test Oil 7.2
D6618-23.
2
Engine Coolant 7.3
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 Armstrong Drive Freeport, PA 16229. The
Cleaning Materials 7.4
TMC issues Information Letters that supplement this test method. This edition
Safety 8
incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through No. 23–1.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6618 − 23
2. Referenced Documents
Preparation of Apparatus 9
Supplementary Service Information 9.1
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
General Engine Inspection 9.2
Intake Air System 9.3 D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
Cooling System 9.4
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Engine Cooling System Cleaning 9.5
D93 Test Methods for Fl
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6618 − 16 D6618 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Engine Oils in Diesel Four-Stroke Cycle
1
Supercharged 1M-PC Single Cylinder Oil Test Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method can be used by any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance.
2
However, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the
test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratory will know whether
their use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.
Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking
qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement,
in connection with several Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratories that choose not to use those services may simply ignore those portions of the test method
that refer to the TMC.
This test method may be modified by means of Information Letters issued by the TMC. In addition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a four-stroke cycle diesel engine test procedure for evaluating engine oils for certain high-temperature
performance characteristics, particularly ring sticking, ring and cylinder wear, and accumulation of piston deposits. Such oils
include both single viscosity SAE grade and multiviscosity SAE grade oils used in diesel engines. It is commonly known as the
1M-PC test (PC for Pre-Chamber) and is used in several API oil categories, notably the CF and CF-2 and the military category
described in MIL-PRF-2104 (see Note 1).
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate other engine oil performance characteristics for API oil categories CF and CF-2 are discussed in SAE
J304. The companion tests used by the military can be found in MIL-PRF-2104.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.02 on Heavy Duty Engine Oils. The test engine sequences were originally developed in 1956 by ASTM Committee D02. Subsequently, the procedures were published
in an ASTM Special Technical Publication.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016July 1, 2023. Published June 2016July 2023. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20142016 as
D6618 – 14.D6618 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D6618-16.10.1520/D6618-23.
2
ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.203 Armstrong Drive Freeport, PA 16229. The TMC issues Information Letters that
supplement this test method. This edition incorporates revisions contained in all information letters through No. 15–1.23–1.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6618 − 23
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Scope 1
Reference Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus 6
Test Engine 6.1
Engine Accessories 6.2 – 6.14
Engine Oil System 6.15
Cooling System 6.16
Fuel System 6.17
Intake Air System 6.18
Exhaust System 6.19
Blowby Meter 6.20
Thermocouples 6.21
Parts 6.22
Instrumentation 6.23
Crankcase Paint 6.24
Reagents and Materials 7
Fuel 7.1
Test Oil 7.2
Engine Coolant 7.3
Cleaning Materials 7.4
Safety 8
Preparation of Apparatus 9
Supplementary Service Information 9.1
General Engine Inspecti
...
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