ASTM E2600-10
(Practice)Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions
Standard Guide for Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in Real Estate Transactions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Uses—This guide is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to conduct a VES on a parcel of real estate to determine if a VEC is identified for the TP (that is, the presence or likely presence of COC vapors in the subsurface of the TP caused by the release of vapors from contaminated soil and/or groundwater either on or near the TP as identified by the Tier 1 or Tier 2 procedures in this guide). The process defined in this guide is a screening process that requires information similar to information generally collected as part of a Practice E1527 Phase I ESA as well as additional information described in subsection 5.3 and Section 8 of this guide. If a VEC is identified by this screening process, the user may conduct further investigation. This guide, however, defines a procedure for identifying in connection with a property involved in a real estate transaction whether a VEC exists, likely exists, cannot be ruled out, or can be ruled out because a VEC does not or is not likely to exist. The guide can be applied to property with existing structures, property with structures that will be substantially rehabilitated, property without existing structures but having planned structures (for example, property in development), or property without existing structures and with no planned structures (for example, undeveloped property with no planned development).
Clarifications on Use:
Use in Conjunction with Practice E1527 Phase I ESA—This guide, when used in conjunction with Practice E1527 Phase I ESA, may assist the user and environmental professional in developing information about VECs associated with a TP. This guide has utility for a wide range of persons, including those who may not be involved in a real estate transaction.
Independent Use—This guide may be used independent of a Practice E1527 Phase I ESA to determine if a VEC exists, likely exists, cannot be ruled out, or can be ruled out because a VEC does not or is not likely to exist.
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SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to provide practical guidance and a useful process for conducting a vapor encroachment screen (VES) on a property parcel involved in a real estate transaction in the United States of America with respect to chemicals of concern (COC) that may migrate as vapors onto a property as a result of contaminated soil and groundwater on or near the property. This guide may be used in conjunction with Practice E1527 but does not alter or in any way define the scope of that practice. In addition, performance of this guide is not a requirement of and does not constitute, expand, or in any way define “all appropriate inquiry” as defined and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the regulations there under, including 40 CFR Sec. 312.11.
1.1.1 Vapor Encroachment Condition (VEC)—The goal of conducting a VES, as established by this guide, on a parcel of property is to identify a vapor encroachment condition (VEC), which is the presence or likely presence of COC vapors in the sub-surface of the target property (TP) caused by the release of vapors from contaminated soil or groundwater either on or near the TP as identified by Tier 1 (see Section 8) or Tier 2 (see Section 9) procedures.
1.1.2 Federal, State, and Local Environmental Laws—This guide does not address requirements of any federal, state, or local laws with respect to vapor intrusion. Users are cautioned that federal, state, and local laws, regulations, or policy may impose vapor encroachment screening or vapor intrusion assessment obligations that are beyond the scope of this guide (information is provided in Appendix X5 and Appendix X9). Users should also be aware that there may be other legal obligations, for example, disclosure, with regard to COC or COC vapors discovered on the TP that are not addressed in this guide.
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Designation: E2600 − 10
StandardGuide for
Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in
1
Real Estate Transactions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2600; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.1.3 Documentation—The scope of this guide includes
investigation and reporting actions. Sufficient documentation
1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this guide is to provide
of all sources, records, and resources used in the investigation
practical guidance and a useful process for conducting a vapor
procedures that are set out in this guide should be provided in
encroachment screen (VES) on a property parcel involved in a
the VES report (refer to Section 10).
real estate transaction in the United States of America with
respect to chemicals of concern (COC) that may migrate as
1.2 Objectives—Objectives guiding the development of this
vapors onto a property as a result of contaminated soil and
guide are: (1) to synthesize and put into writing a practical
groundwater on or near the property. This guide may be used
guide for conducting a VES on a property involved in a real
in conjunction with Practice E1527 but does not alter or in any
estate transaction and (2) to provide that the process to screen
way define the scope of that practice. In addition, performance
for a VEC is practical and reasonable.
of this guide is not a requirement of and does not constitute,
1.3 Considerations Outside the Scope—The use of this
expand, or in any way define “all appropriate inquiry” as
guide is strictly limited to the scope set forth in this section.
defined and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Section 11 of this guide identifies, for informational purposes,
Agency (EPA) under the Comprehensive Environmental
certain tasks (not an all-inclusive list) that may be conducted
Response,Compensation,andLiabilityAct(CERCLA)andthe
on a property that are beyond the scope of this guide but that
regulations there under, including 40 CFR Sec. 312.11.
may warrant consideration by parties to a real estate transac-
1.1.1 Vapor Encroachment Condition (VEC)—The goal of
tion. Whether to include an investigation of any such condi-
conducting a VES, as established by this guide, on a parcel of
tions in the environmental professional’s scope of services
property is to identify a vapor encroachment condition (VEC),
should be evaluated by the user and should be agreed upon
which is the presence or likely presence of COC vapors in the
between the user and environmental professional as additional
sub-surfaceofthe target property (TP)causedbythereleaseof
services beyond the scope of this guide before initiation of a
vaporsfromcontaminatedsoilorgroundwatereitheronornear
Phase I ESA conducted in conjunction with a VES or initiation
the TP as identified by Tier 1 (see Section 8) or Tier 2 (see
of an independent VES.
Section 9) procedures.
1.1.2 Federal, State, and Local Environmental Laws—This
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
guide does not address requirements of any federal, state, or
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
local laws with respect to vapor intrusion. Users are cautioned
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
that federal, state, and local laws, regulations, or policy may
information only and are not considered standard.
impose vapor encroachment screening or vapor intrusion
1.5 Organization of This Guide—This guide has eleven
assessment obligations that are beyond the scope of this guide
sections and nine appendices. The appendices are included for
(information is provided in Appendix X5 and Appendix X9).
informational purposes and are not part of the procedures
Users should also be aware that there may be other legal
prescribed in this guide.
obligations, for example, disclosure, with regard to COC or
Section 1 contains the scope of the guide.
COCvaporsdiscoveredonthe TPthatarenotaddressedinthis
Section 2 includes the referenced documents.
guide.
Section 3 has definitions of terms pertinent to this guide, terms used
in this guide but defined in Practice E1527, and acronyms.
Section 4 is directed at the significance and use of this guide.
Section 5 discusses the relationship between this guide and Practice
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ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental E1527.
Section 6 describes the user’s responsibilities under this guide.
Assessment, Risk Management and CorrectiveAction and is the direct responsibil-
Sections 7-10 consist of the main body of the VES process, including
ity of Subcommittee E50.02 on Real Esta
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2600–08
Standard Practice for Assessment of Vapor Intrusion into
Structures on Property Involved in Real Estate
TransactionsDesignation:E2600–10
Standard Guide for
Vapor Encroachment Screening on Property Involved in
1
Real Estate Transactions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2600; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Purpose—ThepurposeofthispracticeistodefinegoodcommercialandcustomarypracticeintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
forconductinga vapor intrusion assessment (VIA)—Thepurposeofthisguideistoprovidepracticalguidanceandausefulprocess
for conducting a vapor encroachment screen (VES) on a property parcel involved in a real estate transaction with respect to in
the United States of America with respect to chemicals of concern (COC) that may migrate as vapors into existing or planned
structures on a property due to contaminated soil and groundwater on the property or within close proximity to the property. This
practice may be used as a voluntary supplement to Practice that may migrate as vapors onto a property as a result of contaminated
soil and groundwater on or near the property. This guide may be used in conjunction with Practice E1527 and does not alter or
in any way define the scope of that practice. In addition, performance of this standard is not a requirement of and does not
constitute, expand, or in any way define “all appropriate inquiry” as defined or approved by U.S. EPA under CERCLA and the
regulations thereunder, including 40 CFR Sec. 312.11.
1.1.1Vapor Intrusion Condition (VIC)—In defining a standard of good commercial and customary practice for conducting a VIA
on a parcel of property, the goal of the process established by this practice is to identify whether or not a vapor intrusion condition
(VIC) exists or is likely to exist on the property. The term VIC means the presence or likely presence of any COC in the indoor
air environment of existing or planned structures on a property caused by the release of vapor from contaminated soil or
groundwater either on the property or within close proximity to the property, at a concentration that presents or may present an
unacceptable health risk to occupants. The term is not intended to include de minimis conditions that do not normally represent
an unacceptable health risk to occupants and that generally would not be the subject of an enforcement action if brought to the
attention of appropriate governmental agencies. A condition determined to be de minimis does not represent a VIC. but does not
alter or in any way define the scope of that practice. In addition, performance of this guide is not a requirement of and does not
constitute, expand, or in any way define “all appropriate inquiry” as defined and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and the
regulations there under, including 40 CFR Sec. 312.11.
1.1.1 Vapor Encroachment Condition (VEC)—The goal of conducting a VES, as established by this guide, on a parcel of
property is to identify a vapor encroachment condition (VEC), which is the presence or likely presence of COC vapors in the
sub-surface of the target property (TP) caused by the release of vapors from contaminated soil or groundwater either on or near
the TP as identified by Tier 1 (see Section 8) or Tier 2 (see Section 9) procedures.
1.1.2 Other Federal, State, and Local Environmental Laws—This practiceguide does not address requirements of any federal,
state,orlocallawswithrespecttovaporintrusion. Usersarecautionedthatfederal,state,andlocallaws,regulationsorpolicymay
impose VIA obligations that are beyond the scope of this practice (refer to are cautioned that federal, state, and local laws,
regulations, or policy may impose vapor encroachment screening or vapor intrusion assessment obligations that are beyond the
scope of this guide (information is provided inAppendix X5 andAppendix X9). Users should also be aware that there are likely
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This practiceguide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 on Environmental Assessment, Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee E50.02 on Real Estate Assessment and Management.
Current edition approved March 1,
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