ASTM D1141-98(2008)

Standard Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This substitute ocean water may be used for laboratory testing where a reproducible solution simulating sea water is required. Examples are for tests on oil contamination, detergency evaluation, and corrosion testing.
Note 2—The lack of organic matter, suspended matter, and marine life in this solution does not permit unqualified acceptance of test results as representing performance in actual ocean water. Where corrosion is involved, the results obtained from laboratory tests may not approximate those secured under natural testing conditions that differ greatly from those of the laboratory, and especially where effects of velocity, salt atmospheres, or organic constituents are involved. Also the rapid depletion of reacting elements present in low concentrations suggests caution in direct application of results.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of solutions containing inorganic salts in proportions and concentrations representative of ocean water.
Note 1—Since the concentrations of ocean water varies with sampling location, the gross concentration employed herein is an average of many reliable individual analyses. Trace elements, occurring naturally in concentrations below 0.005 mg/L, are not included.  
1.2 This practice provides three stock solutions, each relatively concentrated but stable in storage. For preparation of substitute ocean water, aliquots of the first two stock solutions with added salt are combined in larger volume. An added refinement in adjustment of heavy metal concentration is provided by the addition of a small aliquot of the third stock solution to the previous solution.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-2008
• ICS: 13.060.10 - Water of natural resources
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.02 - Quality Systems, Specification, and Statistics

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1141-98(2003) - Standard Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1597-10(2019) - Standard Test Method for Saltwater Pressure Immersion and Temperature Testing of Photovoltaic Modules for Marine Environments
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G44-21 - Standard Practice for Exposure of Metals and Alloys by Alternate Immersion in Neutral 3.5 % Sodium Chloride Solution
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8193-18 - Standard Test Method for Total Oil and Grease (TOG) and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in Water and Wastewater with Solvent Extraction Using Non-Dispersive Mid-IR Transmission Spectroscopy
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G205-16 - Standard Guide for Determining Emulsion Properties, Wetting Behavior, and Corrosion-Inhibitory Properties of Crude Oils
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM E1681-23 - Standard Test Method for Determining Threshold Stress Intensity Factor for Environment-Assisted Cracking of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D1183-03(2019) - Standard Practices for Resistance of Adhesives to Cyclic Laboratory Aging Conditions
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7258-23 - Standard Specification for Polymeric Piles
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7781-23 - Standard Test Method for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water by Nitrate Reductase
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G85-19 - Standard Practice for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) Testing
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G39-99(2021) - Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of Bent-Beam Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5847-22 - Standard Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D6442-06(2020) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Copper Release Rate From Antifouling Coatings in Substitute Ocean Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8272-19 - Standard Guide for Development and Optimization of D19 Chemical Analysis Methods Intended for EPA Compliance Reporting
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3867-16(2021)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Nitrite-Nitrate in Water
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1141 − 98(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Practice for
1
the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1141; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
1.1 This practice covers the preparation of solutions con-
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for ChemicalAnalysis
taining inorganic salts in proportions and concentrations rep-
2
resentative of ocean water.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—Since the concentrations of ocean water varies with sampling
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
location, the gross concentration employed herein is an average of many
practice, refer to Terminology D1129.
reliable individual analyses. Trace elements, occurring naturally in con-
centrations below 0.005 mg/L, are not included.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 This practice provides three stock solutions, each rela- 3.2.1 chlorinity, , n—the weight of silver ion (g) required to
tively concentrated but stable in storage. For preparation of
completely precipitate the halides in 0.3285 kg of water (g/kg).
substitute ocean water, aliquots of the first two stock solutions
4. Significance and Use
with added salt are combined in larger volume. An added
refinement in adjustment of heavy metal concentration is
4.1 This substitute ocean water may be used for laboratory
provided by the addition of a small aliquot of the third stock
testing where a reproducible solution simulating sea water is
solution to the previous solution.
required. Examples are for tests on oil contamination, deter-
gency evaluation, and corrosion testing.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
NOTE 2—The lack of organic matter, suspended matter, and marine life
standard. in this solution does not permit unqualified acceptance of test results as
representing performance in actual ocean water. Where corrosion is
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
involved, the results obtained from laboratory tests may not approximate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
those secured under natural testing conditions that differ greatly from
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
those of the laboratory, and especially where effects of velocity, salt
atmospheres,ororganicconstituentsareinvolved.Alsotherapiddepletion
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of reacting elements present in low concentrations suggests caution in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
direct application of results.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Reagents and Materials
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and
4
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society.
is the responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on Quality Systems, Specification,
and Statistics.
Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that
Current edition approved July 15, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally
the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1141 – 98 (2003).
without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
DOI: 10.1520/D1141-98R08.
2
This practice is based upon the following studies:
5.2 Purity of Water—Unlessotherwiseindicated,references
May and Black, “Synthetic Ocean Water,” Naval Research Laboratory Report
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
P-2909, August 1946.
May, T. P. and Alexander, A. L., “Spray Testing with Natural and Synthetic Sea
to Specification D1193, Type II.
Water, Part I–Corrosion Characteristics in the Testing of Metals,” Proceedings,
ASTM, Vol 50, 1950.
4
Alexander, A. L. and May, T. P., “Spray Testing with Natural and Synthetic Sea Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
Water, Part II–A Study of Organic Coatings,” Proceedings, ASTM, Vol 50, 1950. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemi
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