ASTM C1422-99
(Specification)Standard Specification for Chemically Strengthened Flat Glass
Standard Specification for Chemically Strengthened Flat Glass
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for chemically strengthened glass products that originate from flat glass and are used in general building construction, transportation, and other specialty applications, such as copy machine scanners, computer disks, and flat glass screens for television monitors. Techniques such as ion implantation, dealkalization, etch-strengthening, and glaze coatings are specifically excluded.
1.2 Classification of chemically strengthened glass products is based on the laboratory measurements of surface compression and case depth and not on the modulus of rupture (MOR). This specification does not purport to address end-use performance.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 Dimensional values are stated in SI units, the standard units for this specification. Inch-pound units, given in parentheses, are for information only.
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Designation: C 1422 – 99
Standard Specification for
Chemically Strengthened Flat Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1422; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for chemi- 3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology C 162, as appropri-
cally strengthened glass products that originate from flat glass ate.
and are used in general building construction, transportation, 3.1.1 blemishes—Refer to Specification C 1036 for flat
and other specialty applications, such as copy machine scan- glass.
ners, computer disks, and flat glass screens for television 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
monitors. Techniques such as ion implantation, dealkalization, 3.2.1 case depth—depth of compression below the surface
etch-strengthening, and glaze coatings are specifically ex- to the nearest zero stress plane.
cluded. 3.2.2 chemically strengthened glass—glass which has been
1.2 Classification of chemically strengthened glass products strengthened by ion-exchange to produce a compressive stress
is based on the laboratory measurements of surface compres- layer at the treated surface.
sion and case depth and not on the modulus of rupture (MOR). 3.2.3 ion-exchange process—the exchange of constituent
This specification does not purport to address end-use perfor- ions in the glass with externally supplied ions (generally at
mance. temperatures near the strain point of the glass). This may be
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the accomplished by immersing glass in a molten salt bath or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the solution with or without electric field assistance, exposing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- glass to plasma, applying a paste on the glass surface, or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- surface crystallization with or without electric field assistance.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.2.4 surface compression—an in-plane stress which tends
1.4 Dimensional values are stated in SI units, the standard to compact the atoms in the surface.
units for this specification. Inch-pound units, given in paren-
4. Significance and Use
theses, are for information only.
4.1 Chemically strengthened glass is significantly stronger
2. Referenced Documents
than annealed glass, depending upon the glass composition,
2.1 ASTM Standards: strengthening process, level of abrasion, and the application
C 162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products environment. The strengthening process does not contribute
C 978 Test Method for Photoelastic Determination of Re- significantly to optical distortion.
sidual Stress in a Transparent Glass Matrix Using a 4.2 The chemical strengthening process can effectively
Polarizing Microscope and Optical Retardation Compen- strengthen glass of all sizes and shapes and can be useful in
sation Procedures cases in which glass is too thin, small, or complex-shaped for
C 1036 Specification for Flat Glass thermal tempering.
C 1279 Test Method for Nondestructive Photoelastic Mea- 4.3 Monolithic chemically strengthened glass is not a safety
surement of Edge and Surface Stresses in Annealed, glazing product because its break pattern is similar to that of
Heat-Strengthened, and Fully Tempered Flat Glass annealed glass. When safety glazing is required, chemically
strengthened glass shall be laminated.
4.4 The very nature of the chemical strengthening process
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C-14 on Glass
alterstheglasssurfacechemistry.Therefore,theproceduresfor
and Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.08 on Flat
and the performance of postprocessing steps, such as laminat-
Glass.
Current edition approved May 10, 1999. Published August 1999. ing and coating, can be different from that of nonchemically
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
strengthened glass.
The recommended range is from 0.5 to 1.5 mm (0.02 to 0.06 in.). Specimen
thicknesses at the lower end of this range yield better results.
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C1422–99
FIG. 1 Slice Location
4.5 Modulus of rupture (MOR), weight gain, and optical 6.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.
methods are other methods used for process control in chemi- 6.1.2 Surface compression (see 5.1.1) or minimum accept-
cal strengthening.
able value.
6.1.3 Case depth (see 5.1.2) or minimum acceptable value.
5. Classification
6.1.4 Fabrication information (see 7.1).
5.1 Kinds—Chemically strengthened glass furnished in ac-
cordance with this specification shall be classified on the basis
7. Fabrication
of the surface compression levels (Level 1-5) and case depth
7.1 Fabrication—After the glass has been chemically
(Levels A-F). These levels are independent of each other.
strengthened, it shall only be modified as recommended by the
Increasing levels of surface compression permit an increasing
fabricator. No modification shall be made that will affect the
amount of flexure. Greater case depths offer more protection
surface compression and case depth.
from strength reduction caused by abuse and abrasion. The
7.1.1 Thickness—Substrates for chemically strengthened
thicknessofthetestspecimenshallbereportedwiththesurface
glass shall be in accordance with the thicknesses in Specifica-
compression and case depth levels. Case depth values may
tion C 1036 and as specified therein (see Section 6). All
varyondifferentthicknessesofthesameglasstypewhichhave
thicknesses may not be available. Consult the manufacturer or
been manufactured
...
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