ASTM ISO/ASTM52701-13(2020)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Performance Characterization of Dosimeters and Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation Processing
Standard Guide for Performance Characterization of Dosimeters and Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation Processing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Ionizing radiation produces physical or chemical changes in many materials that can be measured and related to absorbed dose. Materials with radiation-induced changes that have been thoroughly studied can be used as dosimeters in radiation processing.
Note 3: The scientific basis for commonly used dosimetry systems and detailed descriptions of the radiation-induced interactions are given in ICRU Report 80.
4.2 Before a material can be considered for use as a dosimeter, certain characteristics related to manufacture and measurement of its response to ionizing radiation need to be considered, including:
4.2.1 the ability to manufacture batches of the material with evidence demonstrating a reproducible radiation-induced change,
4.2.2 the availability of instrumentation for measuring this change, and
4.2.3 the ability to take into account effects of influence quantities on the dosimeter response and on the measured absorbed-dose values.
4.3 Dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization is conducted to determine the performance characteristics for a dosimeter/dosimetry system related to its capability for measuring absorbed dose. The information obtained from dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization includes the reproducibility of the measured absorbed-dose value, the useful absorbed-dose range, effects of influence quantities, and the conditions under which the dosimeters can be calibrated and used effectively.
Note 4: When dosimetry systems are calibrated under the conditions of use, effects of influence quantities may be minimized or eliminated, because the effects can be accounted for or incorporated into the calibration method (see ISO/ASTM Practice 51261).
4.4 The influence quantities of importance might differ for different radiation processing applications and facilities. For references to standards describing different applications and facilities, see ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
4.5 Classification of a dosimeter as a type I dosimeter ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance on determining the performance characteristics of dosimeters and dosimetry systems used in radiation processing.
1.2 This guide describes the influence quantities that might affect the performance of dosimeters and dosimetry systems and that should be considered during dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization.
1.3 Users of this guide are directed to existing standards and literature for procedures to determine the effects from individual influence quantities and from combinations of more than one influence quantity.
1.4 Guidance is provided regarding the roles of the manufacturers, suppliers, and users in the characterization of dosimeters and dosimetry systems.
1.5 This guide does not address how the dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization information is to be used in radiation processing applications or in the calibration of dosimetry systems.
Note 1: For guidance on the use of dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization information for the selection and use of a dosimetry system, the user is directed to ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
Note 2: For guidance on the use of dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization information for dosimetry system calibration, the user is directed to ISO/ASTM Practice 51261.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ISO/ASTM 52701:2013 (Reapproved 2020)(E)
Standard Guide for
Performance Characterization of Dosimeters and Dosimetry
Systems for Use in Radiation Processing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation ISO/ASTM 52701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.
1. Scope 2. Referenced documents
1.1 This guide provides guidance on determining the per- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
formance characteristics of dosimeters and dosimetry systems E170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and
used in radiation processing. Dosimetry
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
1.2 This guide describes the influence quantities that might
E1026 Practice for Using the Fricke Dosimetry System
affect the performance of dosimeters and dosimetry systems
E1325 Terminology Relating to Design of Experiments
and that should be considered during dosimeter/dosimetry
2.2 ISO/ASTM Standards:
system characterization.
51205 Practice for Use of a Ceric-Cerous Sulfate Dosimetry
1.3 Usersofthisguidearedirectedtoexistingstandardsand
System
literature for procedures to determine the effects from indi-
51261 Practice for Calibration of Routine Dosimetry Sys-
vidualinfluencequantitiesandfromcombinationsofmorethan
tems for Radiation Processing
one influence quantity.
51707 Guide for Estimating Uncertainties in Dosimetry for
1.4 Guidance is provided regarding the roles of the
Radiation Processing
manufacturers, suppliers, and users in the characterization of
52628 Practice for Dosimetry in Radiation Processing
dosimeters and dosimetry systems.
2.3 Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM)
1.5 This guide does not address how the dosimeter/
Reports:
dosimetry system characterization information is to be used in JCGM 100:2008, GUM 1995, with minor corrections,
radiation processing applications or in the calibration of
Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the Expres-
dosimetry systems. sion of Uncertainty in Measurement
NOTE 1—For guidance on the use of dosimeter/dosimetry system
JCGM 100:2008, VIM , International vocabulary of metrol-
characterization information for the selection and use of a dosimetry 4
ogy – Basis and general concepts and associated terms
system, the user is directed to ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
2.4 International Commission on Radiation Units and Mea-
NOTE 2—For guidance on the use of dosimeter/dosimetry system
characterization information for dosimetry system calibration, the user is surements (ICRU) Reports
directed to ISO/ASTM Practice 51261.
Report 80 Dosimetry Systems for Use in Radiation Process-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the ing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Report 85a Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Radiation
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
For referenced ASTM and ISO/ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For
Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Document produced byWorking Group 1 of the Joint Committee for Guides in
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E61 on Radiation Metrology (JCGM/WG 1). Available free of charge at the BIPM website (http://
Processing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E61.01 on Dosimetry, www.bipm.org).
and is also under the jurisdiction of ISO/TC 85/WG 3. Document produced byWorking Group 2 of the Joint Committee for Guides in
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally Metrology (JCGM/WG 2). Available free of charge at the BIPM website (http://
published asASTM E2701-09. Last previousASTM edition E2701-09. The present www.bipm.org).
International Standard ISO/ASTM 52701-2013(20)(E) replaces ASTM E2701-09 Available from the International Commission on Radiation Units and
and is a reapproval of the last previous edition ISO/ASTM 52701-2013(E). Measurements, 7910 Woodmont Ave., Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52701:2013 (2020)(E)
and detailed descriptions of the radiation-induced interactions are given in
3.1.1 calibration curve—expression of the relation between
ICRU Report 80.
indication and corresponding measured quantity value. VIM
4.2 Before a material can be considered for use as a
3.1.2 dosimeter—device that, when irradiated, exhibits a
dosimeter, certain characteristics related to manufacture and
quantifiable change that can be related to absorbed dose in a
measurement of its response to ionizing radiation need to be
given material using appropriate measurement instruments and
considered, including:
procedures.
4.2.1 the ability to manufacture batches of the material with
3.1.3 dosimeter batch—quantity of dosimeters made from a
evidence demonstrating a reproducible radiation-induced
specific mass of material with uniform composition, fabricated
change,
in a single production run under controlled, consistent condi-
4.2.2 the availability of instrumentation for measuring this
tions and having a unique identification code.
change, and
3.1.4 dosimeter/dosimetry system characteristization—
4.2.3 the ability to take into account effects of influence
determination of performance characteristics, such as useful
quantities on the dosimeter response and on the measured
dose range, reproducibilty and the effects of influence
absorbed-dose values.
quantities, for a dosimeter/dosimetry system under defined test
conditions. 4.3 Dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization is con-
ducted to determine the performance characteristics for a
3.1.5 dosimeter response—reproducible, quantifiable effect
dosimeter/dosimetry system related to its capability for mea-
produced in the dosimeter by ionizing radiation.
suring absorbed dose. The information obtained from
3.1.5.1 Discussion—The dosimeter response value, ob-
dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization includes the re-
tained from one or more measurements, is used in the estima-
producibility of the measured absorbed-dose value, the useful
tion of the derived absorbed dose. The response value may be
absorbed-dose range, effects of influence quantities, and the
obtained from such measurements as optical absorbance,
conditions under which the dosimeters can be calibrated and
thickness, mass, peak-to-peak distance in EPR spectra, or
used effectively.
electropotential between solutions.
NOTE 4—When dosimetry systems are calibrated under the conditions
3.1.6 dosimetry system—system used for measuring ab-
of use, effects of influence quantities may be minimized or eliminated,
sorbed dose, consisting of dosimeters, measurement instru- because the effects can be accounted for or incorporated into the
calibration method (see ISO/ASTM Practice 51261).
ments and their associated reference standards, and procedures
for the system’s use.
4.4 The influence quantities of importance might differ for
different radiation processing applications and facilities. For
3.1.7 influence quantity—quantity that, in a direct
references to standards describing different applications and
measurement, does not affect the quantity that is actually
facilities, see ISO/ASTM Practice 52628.
measured, but affects the relation between the indication and
the measurement result. VIM
4.5 Classification of a dosimeter as a type I dosimeter or a
3.1.7.1 Discussion—In radiation processing dosimetry, this
type II dosimeter (see ISO/ASTM Practice 52628) is based on
term includes temperature, relative humidity, time intervals,
performance characteristics related to the effects of influence
light, radiation energy, absorbed-dose rate, and other factors
quantities obtained from dosimeter/dosimetry system charac-
that might affect dosimeter response, as well as quantities
terization.
associated with the measurement instrument.
4.6 The dosimeter manufacturer or supplier is responsible
3.1.8 quality system—documented organizational structure,
for providing a product that meets the performance character-
responsibilities,procedures,processesandresourcesforimple-
istics defined in product specifications, certificates of
menting quality management.
conformance, or similar types of documents. Dosimeter speci-
3.2 Definitions of other terms used in this standard that fications should be developed based on dosimeter/dosimetry
pertain to radiation measurement and dosimetry may be found system characterization.
in ASTM Terminology E170. Definitions in ASTM E170 are
4.7 The user has the responsibility for ensuring that the
compatible with ICRU Report 85a; this document, therefore,
dosimetry requirements for the specific applications are met
may be used as an alternative reference. Definitions of other
and that dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization informa-
terms used in this standard that pertain to statistics and design
tion has been considered in:
of experiments may be found in ASTM Terminologies E456
4.7.1 determining the suitability of the dosimeter or dosim-
and E1325, respectively.
etry system for the specific application (see ISO/ASTM Prac-
tice 52628),
4. Significance and use
4.7.2 selecting the calibration method (see ISO/ASTM
4.1 Ionizing radiation produces physical or chemical
Guide 51261),
changes in many materials that can be measured and related to
4.7.3 establishing dosimetry system operational procedures
absorbed dose. Materials with radiation-induced changes that
(see respective dosimetry system practice listed in ISO/ASTM
have been thoroughly studied can be used as dosimeters in
Practice 52628), and
radiation processing.
4.7.4 estimating the uncertainty components in the mea-
NOTE 3—The scientific basis for commonly used dosimetry systems sured dose values (see ISO/ASTM Guide 51707).
© ISO/ASTM International 2020 – All rights reserved
ISO/ASTM 52701:2013 (2020)(E)
4.8 Dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization informa- 5.3.1 All dosimeter samples used in the characterization
tion provided by manufacturers or suppliers, or available in the must be representative of dosimeters supplied by the
literature,shouldbereviewedbytheusertodeterminethetests manufacturer/distributor.
that should be performed prior to the use of the dosimeter or
5.3.2 The performance of dosimeter/dosimetry system char-
dosimetry system. Information on performance characteristics
acterization should be conducted in accordance with an experi-
should be verified before using.
mental design that can effectively assess both individual and
combined effects of the influence quantities being tested.
5. Dosimeter/dosimetry system characterization
5.3.3 For performance characterization, dosimeters should
5.1 Performance Characteristics: be irradiated in facilities that can provide highly reproducible
5.1.1 Some examples of performance characteristics of dose rates and well-quantified values of influence quantities.
dosimeters/dosimetrysystemsthatmayaffectthemeasurement
NOTE 6—When studying the effects of irradiation conditions such as
of absorbed dose are given in Table 1.
temperature or relative humidity, the conditions experienced by the
dosimeters must be known within established limits. Dosimeter tempera-
5.2 Measurement Instruments:
tures should be monitored. Reliance should not be placed on monitoring
5.2.1 Prior to conducting performance characterization of
the air temperature and assuming that there is temperature equilibrium.
the dosimeters, it is necessary to establish procedures for the
Difference between dosimeter temperature and air temperature may be
operation of the measurement instruments.
associatedwithdoseandmayintroducebiasinthecharacterizationresults
over the dose range. For studies on the effects of changes of relative
5.2.2 Operating procedures should be developed to control
humidity, the time required for the water and oxygen content of the
and optimize the performance of all measurement instruments
dosimeters to reach equilibrium should be taken into account. It is
and auxiliary systems, including those used for measuring
necessary to validate controlled irradiation conditions to verify that
mass or thickness or used for a post irradiation heat treatment.
specified conditions can be achieved.
5.2.3 The instruments used in a given dosimetry system
5.3.4 An initial calibration curve may be obtained by
with specific dosimeters should be calibrated with evidence of
irradiating dosimeters over a range of absorbed doses at
traceability and be tested to provide evidence of their suitabil-
defined conditions, for example, specified temperature, relative
ity for use with the dosimeters. This should include a determi-
humidity, and absorbed dose rate, and by measuring dosimeter
nation of repeatability and reproducibility for the specific
response under defined measurement conditions. The defined
measurement methods to be used.
conditions for the irradiation should approximate the expected
5.2.4 The influence on measurement values attributable to
range of values to be encountered during use of the dosimetry
rounding error, short term instrument drift, etc. over the
system.
expected range of use should be determined.
NOTE 7—A calibration curve may be developed using a relationship
5.2.5 The performance of accessories such as dosimeter
expressed by response = f (dose).
holders or dosimeter positioning apparatus within the measure-
5.4 Characterization Information:
ment instrument should be determined.
5.4.1 Information on dosimeter and dosimetry system char-
5.2.6 The supplier of the performance characterization in-
acterization carried out by the dosimeter manufacturer or
formation should provide information on all instrumentation
supplier should be documented and made available to potential
used in the characterization, including relevant performance
users.
specifications for the measurement instruments and character-
5.4.2 The user is responsible for the evaluation of the effect
ization results.
of influence quantities or combinations of in
...
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