ASTM D1712-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Resistance of Plastics to Sulfide Staining
Standard Practice for Resistance of Plastics to Sulfide Staining
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Plastic compositions containing salts of lead, cadmium, copper, antimony, and certain other metals (as stabilizers, pigments, driers, or fillers) may stain due to the formation of a metallic sulfide when in contact with external materials that contain sulfide. The external sulfide source may be liquid, solid, or gas. Examples of materials that may cause sulfide stains are rubber, industrial fumes, foods, kraft paper, etc. This practice provides a means of estimating the relative susceptibility of plastic composition to sulfide staining.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the resistance of plastics to staining in the presence of sulfides.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see Section 6.
Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
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Designation:D1712 −09
StandardPractice for
1
Resistance of Plastics to Sulfide Staining
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 5. Reagent
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the resistance 5.1 Hydrogen Sulfide Solution—A freshly prepared satu-
of plastics to staining in the presence of sulfides. rated solution of hydrogen sulfide (Caution, see Section 6).
Prepare the solution by rapidly bubbling hydrogen sulfide gas
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
(Note 2) through water. Five minutes of bubbling is sufficient
standard.
for 100 to 150 mL of water at room temperature (approxi-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mately 23°C).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 2—Hydrogen sulfide gas may be obtained commercially as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
compressed gas in cylinders.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
6. Precautions
precaution statements, see Section 6.
6.1 Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic gas and must be
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. handledonlyinasuitablyventilatedareasuchasahood.Avoid
breathing of vapors.
2. Referenced Documents
7. Sampling
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with the pertinent
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
material specification or as agreed to by customer and client.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
8. Test Specimens
3. Terminology
8.1 Test specimens shall be representative of the particular
plastic composition being tested. Size and shape of test
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this
practice, refer to Terminology D883. specimens are relatively unimportant. Specimens 100 6 25
mm (4 6 1 in.) in length by 13 6 6 mm (0.5 6 0.25 in.) in
width by the thickness of the composition being tested, have
4. Significance and Use
been found suitable for this test.
4.1 Plastic compositions containing salts of lead, cadmium,
copper, antimony, and certain other metals (as stabilizers,
9. Conditioning
pigments, driers, or fillers) may stain due to the formation of a
9.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6
metallic sulfide when in contact with external materials that
2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 10 % relative humidity for not
contain sulfide. The external sulfide source may be liquid,
less than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
solid, or gas. Examples of materials that may cause sulfide
Practice D618 for those tests where conditioning is required. In
stains are rubber, industrial fumes, foods, kraft paper, etc. This
cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F)
practice provides a means of estimating the relative suscepti-
and 65 % relative humidity.
bility of plastic composition to sulfide staining.
9.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
tory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 10 %
relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and
ods or in this specification. In cases of disagreements, the
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.50 on Durability of Plastics.
tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F) and 65 % relative humid-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1712 – 03. DOI:
ity.
10.1520/D1712-09.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 10. Procedure
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
10.1 Using a 250-mL beaker or equivalent, immerse ap-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. proximately half of each specimen (Note 3) in the saturated
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1712−09
hydrogen sulfide solution for 15 min (Note 4). Cover the test 11. Report
container with a watch glass or aluminum foil during the test.
11.1 The report shall include the following:
NOTE 3—It is recommended that a control material, whose tendency to
11.1.1 Completeidentificationofthematerialtested,includ-
sulfide stain is known, be included with each test series.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1712–03 Designation: D1712 – 09
Standard Practice for
1
Resistance of Plastics to Sulfide Staining
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1712; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the determination of the resistance of plastics to staining in the presence of sulfides.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements, see Section 6.
NOTE1—There is no equivalent ISO standard. 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this practice, refer to Terminology D883.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Plastic compositions containing salts of lead, cadmium, copper, antimony, and certain other metals (as stabilizers, pigments,
driers, or fillers) may stain due to the formation of a metallic sulfide when in contact with external materials that contain sulfide.
The external sulfide source may be liquid, solid, or gas. Examples of materials that may cause sulfide stains are rubber, industrial
fumes, foods, kraft paper, etc. This practice provides a means of estimating the relative susceptibility of plastic composition to
sulfide staining.
5. Reagent
5.1 Hydrogen Sulfide Solution—Afreshly prepared saturated solution of hydrogen sulfide (Caution, see Section 6). Prepare the
solution by rapidly bubbling hydrogen sulfide gas (Note 2) through water. Five minutes of bubbling is sufficient for 100 to 150
mL of water at room temperature (approximately 23°C).
NOTE 2—Hydrogen sulfide gas may be obtained commercially as compressed gas in cylinders.
6. Precautions
6.1 Hydrogensulfideisahighlytoxicgasandmustbehandledonlyinasuitablyventilatedareasuchasahood.Avoidbreathing
of vapors.
7. Sampling
7.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with the pertinent material specification or as agreed to by customer and client.
8. Test Specimens
8.1 Test specimens shall be representative of the particular plastic composition being tested. Size and shape of test specimens
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.50 on Durability of Plastics.
Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D1712–96. DOI:
10.1520/D1712-03.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1712 – 03. DOI:
10.1520/D1712-09.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1712 – 09
are relatively unimportant. Specimens 100 6 25 mm [4(4 6 1 in.]in.) in length by 13 6 6 mm [0.5(0.5 6 0.25 in.]in.) in width
by the thickness of the composition being tested, have been found suitable for this test.
9. Conditioning
9.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6 2°C [73.4(73.4 6 3.6°F]3.6°F) and 50 6 5%10 % relative humidity
for not less than 40 h prior to test in accordance with ProcedureAof Practice D618 for those tests where conditioning is required.
In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C [61.8°F](61.8°F) and 62%65 % relative humidity.
9.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard laboratory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C [73.4(73.4 6 3.6°F]3.6°F) and 50 6
5%10 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification. In cases
...
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