ASTM D3822/D3822M-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D3822 using test specimens having gauge lengths of 10 mm [0.4 in.] or greater is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since the test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. Critical differences noted in Tables 1 and 2 were obtained on man-made fibers having a gauge length of 25 mm [1.0 in.] and 250 mm [10 in.]. Natural fibers or fibers having lesser or greater gauge lengths may provide different values and may require comparative testing. (See 5.1.1.)
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D3822 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results for that material in view of test results with consideration to the known bias.
5.2 The breaking tenacity, calculated from the breaking force and the linear density, and the elongation are fundamental properties that are widely used to establish limitations on fiber processing or conversion and on their end-use applications. Initial modulus is a measure of the resistance of the fiber to extension at forces below the yield point. The tangent modulus and tensile stress at specif...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of sufficient length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile testing machine.
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (filament) and discontinuous (staple) fibers or filaments taken from yarns or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or texturing process, the tensile properties are determined after removal of the crimp. Note 1—Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is discontinued.
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchangeably throughout this test method.
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It should be recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers. Consequently, tensile properties determined on fibers taken from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into fabrics, may be different than for the same fibers prior to being subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers and for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified elongation, and breaking toughness.
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet single fibers are included. The test method is applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile properties determined may decrease, which may require the need to increase the number of test specimens. This ...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3822/D3822M − 14
Standard Test Method for
1
Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3822/D3822M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope particularly true for those properties dependent on the mea-
surement of elongation, since the shorter lengths increase the
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile
relative effect of slippage and stretching of the test specimens
properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of
within the jaws of either clamp.
sufficient length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile
testing machine. 1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (fila-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ment)anddiscontinuous(staple)fibersorfilamentstakenfrom
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
yarns or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or
with the standard.
texturing process, the tensile properties are determined after
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
removal of the crimp.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 1—Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
discontinued.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchange-
ably throughout this test method.
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It
D76Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
should be recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers.
D629Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
Consequently, tensile properties determined on fibers taken
D1577Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into
D1776Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
fabrics, may be different than for the same fibers prior to being
D2101Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-
subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.
Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and Tows (With-
3
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the drawn 1995)
breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers D2258Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
and for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord D3333Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified Sliver, or Tow for Testing
elongation, and breaking toughness. D4849Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
E178Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both
conditionedandwetsinglefibersareincluded.Thetestmethod
3. Terminology
is applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58, Yarns and
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile
Fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
properties determined may decrease, which may require the
breaking force, breaking tenacity, breaking toughness, chord
need to increase the number of test specimens. This is
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 15, 2014. Published June 2014. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3822–07. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D3822_D3822M-14. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-29
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3822 − 07 D3822/D3822M − 14
Standard Test Method for
1
Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3822;D3822/D3822M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of sufficient
length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile testing machine.
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (filament) and discontinuous (staple) fibers or filaments taken from yarns
or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or texturing
process, the tensile properties are determined after removal of the crimp.
NOTE 1—Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is discontinued.
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchangeably throughout this test method.
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It should be
recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers. Consequently, tensile
properties determined on fibers taken from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into fabrics, may be different than for
the same fibers prior to being subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers and
for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified elongation, and
breaking toughness.
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet single fibers are included. The test method is
applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile
properties determined may decrease, which may require the need to increase the number of test specimens. This is particularly true
for those properties dependent on the measurement of elongation, since the shorter lengths increase the relative effect of slippage
and stretching of the test specimens within the jaws of either clamp.
1.8 The values stated in either acceptable metric SI units or in other units shall inch-pound units are to be regarded separately
as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustshall be used independently
of the other, without combining values in any way.other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
D1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007May 15, 2014. Published February 2007June 2014. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20012007 as
D3822 – 01.D3822 – 07. DOI: 10.1520/D3822-07.10.1520/D3822_D3822M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3822/D3822M − 14
3
D2101 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.