ASTM A484/A484M-00
(Specification)Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A276, A314, A458, A473, A477, A479/A479M, A564/A564M, A565, A582/A582M, A638/A638M, A705/A705M, and A831/A831M.
1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.
1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in Annex A1.
1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in Specification A480/A480M.
1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A555/A555M.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.7 Unless the order specifies an "M" designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: A 484/A 484M – 00
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and
Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 484/A 484M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers general requirements that 2.1 ASTM Standards:
shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranu-
and billets or other semi-finished material (except wire) for lar Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
forging, under the latest revision of each of the following A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
ASTM specifications: A 276, A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for
A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565, A 582/A 582M, Forging
A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and A 831/A 831M. A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a of Steel Products
product specification and a requirement of this specification, A 473 Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings
the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict A 479/A 479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and
between a requirement of the product specification or a Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
requirement of this specification and a more stringent require- A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for
ment of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if Sheet, and Strip
they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product A 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements for
specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Wire and Wire Rods
test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent. A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-
1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
specifications referencing this specification are given in Annex A 565 Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Bars,
A1. Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Ser-
1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel prod- vice
ucts other than bar are covered in Specification A 480/A 480M. A 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless
1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars
covered in Specification A 555/A 555M. A 638/A 638M Specification for Precipitation Hardening
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock
(metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; for High-Temperature Service
within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. A 705/A 705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon- Steel Forgings
formance with the specification. A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
1.7 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units. A 831/A 831M Specification for Austenitic and Martenistic
Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings for Liquid Metal
Cooled Reactor Core Components
E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Size
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and
A01.17 on Wrought Stainless Steel Products.
Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published August 2000. Originally
published as A 484 – 63T. Last previous edition A 484/A 484M – 98.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specifi-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
cation SA-484/SA-484M in Section II of that code.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 484/A 484M
2.2 Federal Standards: further processed into plate, sheet, or strip. It is permitted to
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) heat treat, cut to shape, or surface condition a slab or sheet bar.
Fed Std. No. 183 Continuous Marking of Iron and Steel
3.1.2 The terms random lengths, multiple lengths, and dead
Products or exact lengths are defined as follows:
2.3 Military Standards:
3.1.2.1 dead lengths or exact lengths—bars, typically hot-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage sheared, hot-sawed, or machine-cut after machine-
MIL-STD-163 Preservation of Steel Products for Shipment
straightening, meeting the permitted variations in length as
(Storage and Overseas Shipment) listed in the tolerance tables of this specification.
2.4 Other Standard:
3.1.2.2 multiple lengths—lengths that are specified as con-
Primary Metals Bar Code Standard
taining a predetermined number of units of length associated
with production of a particular part, commonly including an
3. Terminology
allowance of ⁄4 in. [6.5 mm] per unit for cutting to insure
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
obtaining the required number of pieces.
3.1.1 Bars, shapes, forgings, billets, or other semi-finished
3.1.2.3 random lengths—a length range not less than 24 in.
material used in this specification are defined as follows:
[1 m]; for example, 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m], 14 to 17 ft [4 to 5
3.1.1.1 Bars, n—straight lengths that are produced by pro-
m], or 15 to 20 ft [5 to 6 m].
cessing that includes hot deformation, such as rolling, forging,
3.1.3 The terms condition and finish are defined as follows:
or extrusion. The permitted cross-sections include round,
3.1.3.1 condition—identification of the final step or steps
rectangular, and complex shapes. Bar shall include shapes with
thermomechanical processing as required to describe the met-
all dimensions under 5 in. [125 mm]. Bar shall include
allurgical state of the material as delivered. Examples include
hot-rolled flats with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with
hot-worked; hot-worked and annealed; hot-worked, annealed,
thickness 0.125 in. [3.00 mm] or greater. Bar shall include flats
and cold-worked for increased mechanical properties; and
with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with thickness 0.125
hot-worked, quenched, and tempered.
in. [3.00 mm] or greater, cut from strip or plate provided that
3.1.3.2 finish—description of the surface finish and appli-
the long direction of the cut bar is parallel to the final rolling
cable dimensional tolerances of the product as delivered, most
direction of the strip or plate.
typically by identification of the process applied to the product,
and identification of the applicable category of product dimen-
NOTE 1—All cold-reduced flat material with thickness less than 0.1875
sional tolerances. Examples of finishing operations include
in. [5.00 mm] and width 0.375 in. [9.50 mm] and over is classified as strip.
blasting, pickling, rough turning, machine straightening, cen-
3.1.1.2 billets, n—semi-finished products, typically pro-
terless grinding, polishing, and light cold drawing for surface
duced by rolling, forging, or continuous casting, that require
finish but not for increased mechanical properties. See also
subsequent hot working by rolling, forging, or extrusion.
8.1.1 for hot-finished bars and 8.1.3 for cold-finished bars.
Billets typically have a cross-section area of 36 in. or less (230
cm ) and shape that is square or rectangular with width less
4. Ordering Information
than twice the thickness. Rectangular cross sections with width
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
equal to or greater than twice the thickness are classified as
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
slabs or sheet bars.
specification. Such requirements to be considered include, but
3.1.1.3 blooms, n—semi-finished products, typically pro-
are not limited to, the following:
duced by rolling or continuous casting, that require subsequent
4.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces).
hot working by rolling or forging. Blooms typically have a
2 2
4.1.2 Dimensions, including shape or form with diameter or
cross section area of greater than 36 in. (230 cm ) and shape
width and thickness as applicable, length, and prints or
that is square or rectangular with width less than twice the
sketches as applicable.
thickness. Rectangular cross sections with width equal to or
4.1.3 Type or UNS designation.
greater than twice the thickness are classified as slabs or sheet
4.1.4 ASTM specification designation and edition year if
bars.
other than the latest edition
3.1.1.4 forgings, n—parts, including bars, billets, semi-
4.1.5 Condition.
finished products, or complex shapes, produced by hot me-
chanical working using hammers, presses, or forging ma- 4.1.6 Finish.
chines. 4.1.7 Supplementary Requirements when invoked.
3.1.1.5 shapes, n—bar having a cross section other than 4.1.8 Whether bars are to be rolled as bars or cut from strip
circular, rectangular, or hexagonal. or plate, when applicable.
3.1.1.6 slabs or sheet bars—products, typically produced
4.1.9 Preparation for delivery.
by blooming, slabbing, or sheet bar mills or by continuous
4.1.10 Marking requirements.
casting, that are shipped without further hot working to be
4.1.11 Surface preparation, for shapes.
4.1.12 Special requirements.
5 NOTE 2—A typical ordering description is as follows: 5000 lb [2000
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
kg]; 1.000 in. [25 mm] round bar by 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m]; Type 304 or
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094. Attn: NPODS.
S30400; Specification A 479 [A 479M]; annealed, centerless ground; plus
Available from Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser Rd., Ste 200,
Southfield, MI 48034. optional requirements, such as special marking instructions.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 484/A 484M
5. Materials and Manufacture heat shall be determined in accordance with the applicable
materials specification and Test Methods, Practices, and Ter-
5.1 The material shall be made by any process.
minology A 751.
5.2 The material shall be furnished in one of the conditions
6.2 Product Analysis—When required, a product analysis
detailed in the applicable product specification, for example,
shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods, Prac-
hot-worked; hot-worked and annealed; hot-worked, annealed,
tices, and Terminology A 751. The chemical composition thus
and cold-worked; or hot-worked, annealed, and heat-treated.
determined shall conform to the tolerances shown in Table 1.
5.3 The material shall be furnished in one of the finishes as
6.3 The steel shall not contain an unspecified element for
detailed in Section 8 or further described in the applicable
the ordered grade to the extent that the steel conforms to the
product specification, for example, hot-finished or cold-
requirements of another grade in the referencing product
finished.
specification, and any of the product specifications within the
6. Chemical Composition
scope of this general requirements specification, for which that
6.1 Heat or Cast Analysis—The chemical analysis of each element has a specified minimum.
TABLE 1 Product Analysis Tolerances
NOTE 1—This table specifies tolerances over the maximum limits or under the minimum limits of the chemical requirements of the applicable material
specification (see 1.1); it does not apply to heat analysis.
Tolerances over the Tolerances over the
Maximum (Upper Maximum (Upper
Upper Limit of Maximum of Upper Limit or Maximum of
Element Limit) or Under the Element Limit) or Under the
Specified Range, % Specified Range, %
Minimum (Lower Minimum (Lower
Limit) Limit)
Carbon to 0.010, incl 0.002 Cobalt over 0.05 to 0.50, incl 0.01
over 0.010 to 0.030, incl 0.005 over 0.50 to 2.00, incl 0.02
over 0.030 to 0.20, incl 0.01 over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.05
over 0.20 to 0.60, incl 0.02 over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10
over 0.60 to 1.20, incl 0.03 over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.15
over 15.00 to 22.00, incl 0.20
over 22.00 to 30.00, incl 0.25
Manganese to 1.00, incl 0.03 Columbium + to 1.50, incl 0.05
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.04 tantalum over 1.50 to 5.00, incl 0.10
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl 0.05 over 5.00 0.15
over 6.00 to 10.00, incl 0.06
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.10
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15
Phosphorus to 0.040, incl 0.005 Tantalum to 0.10, incl 0.02
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl 0.010
Sulfur to 0.040, incl 0.005 Copper to 0.50, incl 0.03
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl 0.010 over 0.50 to 1.00, incl 0.05
over 0.20 to 0.50, incl 0.020 over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.10
over 3.00 to 5.00, incl 0.15
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.20
Silicon to 1.00, incl 0.05 Aluminum to 0.15, incl −0.005
over 1.00 to 3.00, incl 0.10 +0.01
over 3.00 to 6.00 incl. 0.15 over 0.15 to 0.50, incl 0.05
over 0.50 to 2.00, incl 0.10
over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.20
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.35
Chromium over 4.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10 Nitrogen to 0.02, incl 0.005
over 10.00 to 15.00, incl 0.15 over 0.02 to 0.19, incl 0.01
over 15.00 to 20.00, incl 0.20 over 0.19 to 0.25, incl 0.02
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl 0.25 over 0.25 to 0.35, incl 0.03
over 0.35 to 0.45, incl 0.04
over 0.45 0.05
Nickel to 1.00, incl 0.03 Tungsten to 1.00, incl 0.03
over 1.00 to 5.00, incl 0.07 over 1.00 to 2.00, incl 0.05
over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10 over 2.00 to 5.00, incl 0.07
over 10.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15 over 5.00 to 10.00, incl 0.10
over 20.00 to 30.00, incl 0.20 over 10.00 to 20.00, incl 0.15
over 30.00 to 40.00, incl 0.25
over 40.00
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:A 484/A 484M–98 Designation: A 484/A 484M – 00
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and
Forgings
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 484/A 484M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers general requirements that shall apply to stainless wrought steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets
or other semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications:
SpecificationsA276,A314,A458,A473,A477,A479/A479M,A564/A564M,A565,A582/A582M,A638/A638M,A705/A705M,
and A831/A831M.
1.2In case of conflicting requirements, the individual material specification requirements take precedence.
1.3The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this Specification of General Requirements
are given in covers general requirements that shall apply to wrought stainless steel bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other
semi-finished material (except wire) for forging, under the latest revision of each of the following ASTM specifications: A 276,
A 314, A 458, A 473, A 477, A 479/A 479M, A 564/A 564M, A 565, A 582/A 582M, A 638/A 638M, A 705/A 705M, and
A 831/A 831M.
1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product
specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this
specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order
requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this
specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.
1.3 The requirements for introduction of new materials in specifications referencing this specification are given in Annex A1.
1.4 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless steel products other than bar are covered in SpecificationA480A 480/A 480M/
A480M.
1.5 General requirements for wire products in coils are covered in Specification A555A 555/A 555M/A555M. .
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the
text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each
system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification.
1.7 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A 276 Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A 314 Specification for Stainless Steel Billets and Bars for Forging
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A458Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Bars for High Strength at Elevated
Temperatures
A 473 Specification for Stainless Steel Forgings
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat Steel Products.
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published September 1998. Originally published as A484–63T. Last previous edition A484/A484M–96. on Wrought Stainless
Steel Products.
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published August 2000. Originally published as A 484 – 63T. Last previous edition A 484/A 484M – 98.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specification SA–484/SA–484MSA-484/SA-484M in Section II of that code.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 484/A 484M – 00
A477Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Forgings and Forging Billets for High
Strength at Elevated Temperatures
A 479/A 479M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes for Use in Boilers and Other Pressure Vessels
A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and
Strip
A 555/A 555M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Wire and Wire Rods
A 564/A 564M Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes
A 565 Specification for Martensitic Stainless Steel Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
A 582/A 582M Specification for Free-Machining Stainless Steel Bars, Hot-Rolled or Cold-Finished
Specification for Free-Machining Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Bars
A 638/A 638M Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for
High-Temperature Service
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
A 705/A 705M Specification for Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Forgings
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
A 831/A 831M Specification for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings for Use in Core Components
Specification for Austenitic and Martenistic Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings for Liquid Metal Cooled Reactor Core
Components
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain Size
E 139 Practice for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
2.2 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
Fed Std. No. 183 Continuous Marking of Iron and Steel Products
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-163 Preservation of Steel Products for Shipment (Storage and Overseas Shipment)
2.4 Other Standard:
Primary Metals Bar Code Standard
Primary Metals Bar Code Standard
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1Bars, shapes, forgings, and billets or other semi-finished material as used in this specification are defined as follows:
3.1.2Bars—Straight lengths that are produced by: hot rolling, forging, extruding, etc. Also included are small shapes with all
dimensions under 5 in. [125 mm] and hotrolled flats up to 10 in. [250 mm] inclusive in width and 0.125 in. [3.00 mm] and over
in thickness. Cold-finished bars may be cold drawn, turned, ground or polished and are produced from straight length bars or from
straightened and cut rod or wire.Also, bars may be produced by cutting from strip or plate, provided that the long direction of cut
bars is parallel to the final rolling direction of the strip or plate.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 Bars, shapes, forgings, billets, or other semi-finished material used in this specification are defined as follows:
3.1.1.1 Bars, n—straight lengths that are produced by processing that includes hot deformation, such as rolling, forging, or
extrusion. The permitted cross-sections include round, rectangular, and complex shapes. Bar shall include shapes with all
dimensions under 5 in. [125 mm]. Bar shall include hot-rolled flats with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with thickness 0.125
in. [3.00 mm] or greater. Bar shall include flats with width of 10 in. [250 mm] or less, and with thickness 0.125 in. [3.00 mm] or
greater, cut from strip or plate provided that the long direction of the cut bar is parallel to the final rolling direction of the strip
or plate.
NOTE1—All cold-reduced flat material under 0.1875 in. [5.00 mm] thick is classified as strip if 0.375 in. [9.50 mm] and over in width.
3.1.3Forgings—Parts produced by hot, mechanical shaping of such products as bars and billets, or other semi-finished materials,
with hammers, presses, and forging machines.
3.1.4Billets—Asemi-finishedproduct(producedonmillsorbyforgingorcontinuouscastingmachines)thatrequiressubsequent
1—All cold-reduced flat material with thickness less than 0.1875 in. [5.00 mm] and width 0.375
hotrollingorhotforging.Sizesaregenerallyupto36in.
in. [9.50 mm] and over is classified as strip.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05., Vol 03.01.
Discontinued. See 1990 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094. Attn: NPODS.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Available from Automotive Industry Action Group, 26200 Lahser Rd., Ste 200, Southfield, MI 48034.
A 484/A 484M – 00
3.1.1.2 billets, n—semi-finished products, typically produced by rolling, forging, or continuous casting, that require subsequent
2 or less (230 cm
hot working by rolling, forging, or extrusion. Billets typically have a cross-section area of 36 in. (230 cm ) in cross
section as squares or rectangles with width less than twice the thickness.
3.1.5Blooms—A semi-finished product (produced on mills or by continuous casting machines) that requires subsequent hot
) and shape that is square or rectangular with width less than twice the thickness. Rectangular cross
rolling or hot forging. Sizes are generally over 36 in.
sections with width equal to or greater than twice the thickness are classified as slabs or sheet bars.
3.1.1.3 blooms, n—semi-finished products, typically produced by rolling or continuous casting, that require subsequent hot
working by rolling or forging. Blooms typically have a cross section area of greater than 36 in. (230 cm ) in square or rectangular
cross sections with width less than twice the thickness. Rectangles with width twice the thickness or greater are classed as slabs
or sheet bars.
3.1.6Slabs or Sheet Bars—The products of a primary mill such as blooming, slabbing or sheet bar mills, or continuous or
pressure casting machines, which are shipped without further work other than cutting to length or surface conditioning used only
for re-rolling into sheet, strip or plate.
3.2The terms random lengths, multiple lengths, and dead or exact lengths are defined as follows:
3.3Random Lengths—A length range of not less than 24 in. [1 m]; for example, 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m], 14 to 17 ft [4 to 5 m],
or 15 to 20 ft [5 to 6 m].
3.4Multiple Lengths—Frequently, fabricating operations will require small unit bar lengths. When such is the case, a single bar
containing a predetermined number of such units may be specified. Such a bar is described as a multiple-length bar, and it is
common to include in the specified length an allowance of ⁄4 in. [6.5 mm] per unit to ensure cutting the required number of pieces.
3.5Dead or Exact Length—Bars specified to dead or exact lengths may be either hot sheared or hot sawed. When greater
accuracy in length or freedom from end distortion is required, bars can be machine-cut after machine-straightening. The
permissible variations in length for dead or exact length bars are shown in tables at end of this specification. ) and shape that is
square or rectangular with width less than twice the thickness. Rectangular cross sections with width equal to or greater than twice
the thickness are classified as slabs or sheet bars.
3.1.1.4 forgings, n—parts, including bars, billets, semi-finished products, or complex shapes, produced by hot mechanical
working using hammers, presses, or forging machines.
3.1.1.5 shapes, n—bar having a cross section other than circular, rectangular, or hexagonal.
3.1.1.6 slabs or sheet bars—products, typically produced by blooming, slabbing, or sheet bar mills or by continuous casting,
that are shipped without further hot working to be further processed into plate, sheet, or strip. It is permitted to heat treat, cut to
shape, or surface condition a slab or sheet bar.
3.1.2 The terms random lengths, multiple lengths, and dead or exact lengths are defined as follows:
3.1.2.1 dead lengths or exact lengths—bars, typically hot-sheared, hot-sawed, or machine-cut after machine-straightening,
meeting the permitted variations in length as listed in the tolerance tables of this specification.
3.1.2.2 multiple lengths—lengths that are specified as containing a predetermined number of units of length associated with
production of a particular part, commonly including an allowance of ⁄4 in. [6.5 mm] per unit for cutting to insure obtaining the
required number of pieces.
3.1.2.3 random lengths—a length range not less than 24 in. [1 m]; for example, 10 to 12 ft [3 to 4 m], 14 to 17 ft [4 to 5 m],
or 15 to 20 ft [5 to 6 m].
3.1.3 The terms condition and finish are defined as follows:
3.1.3.1 condition—identificationofthefinalsteporstepsthermomechanicalprocessingasrequiredtodescribethemetallurgical
stateofthematerialasdelivered.Examplesincludehot-worked;hot-workedandannealed;hot-worked,annealed,andcold-worked
for increased mechanical properties; and hot-worked, quenched, and tempered.
3.1.3.2 finish—descriptionofthesurfacefinishandapplicabledimensionaltolerancesoftheproductasdelivered,mosttypically
by identification of the process applied to the product, and identification of the applicable category of product dimensional
tolerances. Examples of finishing operations include blasting, pickling, rough turning, machine straightening, centerless grinding,
polishing, and light cold drawing for surface finish but not for increased mechanical properties. See also 8.1.1 for hot-finished bars
and 8.1.3 for cold-finished bars.
4. Identification of Material
4.1For Civilian Procurement:
4.1.1Bars and shapes shall be properly marked or tagged with the name of manufacturer, purchaser’s name and order number,
ASTM specification number, heat number, grade or type, condition, and where appropriate the size, length, and weight. Unless
otherwise specified, the method of marking is at the option of the manufacturer, and may be made by hot stamping, cold stamping,
painti
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