ASTM B489-85(2018)

Standard Practice for Bend Test for Ductility of Electrodeposited and Autocatalytically Deposited Metal Coatings on Metals

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The routine measurement of the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited metal coatings can be useful in process control, especially when the electroplating process is used for decorative and engineering purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a test procedure for determining the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited coatings on sheet or strip basis metals. The purpose of the test is to determine the resistance of metal coatings to cracking during distortion.2  
1.2 Test Methods E8 can be used if the coatings are too ductile and require mandrels too small to be practical.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2018
• ICS: 25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.10 - Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B489 − 85 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Bend Test for Ductility of Electrodeposited and
1
Autocatalytically Deposited Metal Coatings on Metals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B489; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Practice
3.1 The practice consists of bending a narrow strip of the
1.1 This practice covers a test procedure for determining the
electroplated or coated article over a mandrel. An elongation
ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited
measurement is obtained from the smallest diameter mandrel
coatings on sheet or strip basis metals. The purpose of the test
that does not cause the coating to fracture.
is to determine the resistance of metal coatings to cracking
2
during distortion.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 Test Methods E8 can be used if the coatings are too
4.1 The routine measurement of the ductility of electrode-
ductile and require mandrels too small to be practical.
posited and autocatalytically deposited metal coatings can be
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
useful in process control, especially when the electroplating
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this process is used for decorative and engineering purposes.
standard.
5. Apparatus
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Series of Mandrels, with diameters from 6 to 50 mm, in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3-mm steps with lengths of 100 to 150 mm so they can be held
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in a vise.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Micrometer, to measure the thickness of the test speci-
mens.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 5.3 Guillotine Shears or other device to cut the specimens to
size.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.4 File or Grinder to remove burrs and to round or chamfer
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
edges.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.5 Vise, to hold mandrels.
2. Referenced Documents 5.6 Magnifier, 10×.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Test Specimen
B177 Guide for Engineering Chromium Electroplating
6.1 Flat specimens, 10 mm wide, and not less than 150 mm
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
long, shall be cut from the electroplated or coated article if the
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
shape permits, no closer than 25 mm from the edges. Guillotine
shears are preferred, but any convenient method may be used.
Basis metal thickness and temper shall be suitable to permit
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic
bending around the smallest diameter mandrel, if necessary.
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.10 on
Low-carbon AISI 1010 to 1025 steel strip or sheet, 0.25 to 1.0
Test Methods.
mm thick is usually suitable. Basis metals that have low
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B489 – 85 (2013).
ductility can initiate cracks that can propagate through the
DOI: 10.1520/B0489-85R18.
coatings. The procedure indicated in 6.2 shall then be followed.
2
For a discussion and theory for this test see Mohrnheim, A. F., “The Bend Test
for Measuring the Strain Limit of Surfaces,” Plating, Vol 50, 1963, pp. 1094 – 1099.
6.2 When the shape is such that a test specimen cannot be
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
obtained from the part, a test panel may be prepared of
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
appropriate basis metal, such as low-carbon steel (see 6.1),
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. with the same coating system in the same baths. The panel shall
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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B489 − 85 (2018)
be sufficiently large to obtain several pieces after trimming 25 the nickel to an intermediate copper layer or to the basis metal.
mm from the edges. The specimens shall be prepared in Methods for determining this are provided in the
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B489 − 85 (Reapproved 2013) B489 − 85 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Bend Test for Ductility of Electrodeposited and
1
Autocatalytically Deposited Metal Coatings on Metals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B489; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers a test procedure for determining the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited
coatings on sheet or strip basis metals. The purpose of the test is to determine the resistance of metal coatings to cracking during
2
distortion.
1.2 Test Methods E8 can be used if the coatings are too ductile and require mandrels too small to be practical.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B177 Guide for Engineering Chromium Electroplating
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 The practice consists of bending a narrow strip of the electroplated or coated article over a mandrel. An elongation
measurement is obtained from the smallest diameter mandrel that does not cause the coating to fracture.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The routine measurement of the ductility of electrodeposited and autocatalytically deposited metal coatings can be useful
in process control, especially when the electroplating process is used for decorative and engineering purposes.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Series of Mandrels, with diameters from 6 to 50 mm, in 3-mm steps with lengths of 100 to 150 mm so they can be held
in a vise.
5.2 Micrometer, to measure the thickness of the test specimens.
5.3 Guillotine Shears or other device to cut the specimens to size.
5.4 File or Grinder to remove burrs and to round or chamfer edges.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.10 on Test
Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013Aug. 1, 2018. Published December 2013August 2018. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
ε1
B489 – 85 (2008)(2013). . DOI: 10.1520/B0489-85R13.10.1520/B0489-85R18.
2
For a discussion and theory for this test see Mohrnheim, A. F., “The Bend Test for Measuring the Strain Limit of Surfaces,” Plating, Vol 50, 1963, pp. 1094 – 1099.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B489 − 85 (2018)
5.5 Vise, to hold mandrels.
5.6 Magnifier, 10×.
6. Test Specimen
6.1 Flat specimens, 10 mm wide, and not less than 150 mm long, shall be cut from the electroplated or coated article if the shape
permits, no closer than 25 mm from the edges. Guillotine shears are preferred, but any convenient method may be used. Basis metal
thickness and temper shall be suitable to permit bending around the smallest diameter mandrel, if necessary. Low-carbon AISI
1010 to 1025 steel strip or sheet, 0.25 to 1.0 mm thick is usually suitable. Basis metals that have low ductility can initiate cracks
that can propagate through the coatings. The procedure indicated in 6.2 shall then be followed.
6.2 When the shape is such that a test specimen cannot be obtained from the part, a test panel may be prepared of
...