ASTM C461-81(2003)

Standard Test Methods for Mastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing mastics and coatings for use as weather and vapour barrier finishes on thermal insulations and for other accessory use. Take the samples for laboratory examination from the original containers immediately after stirring to a uniform condition. Determine the number of containers sampled as required representing a shipment. Open the original containers and examine them for uniformity of contents. The procedures for determining the stability of coatings under freezing are presented in details. The paper covers the determination of the volume of volatile matter and the coverage per unit of dry film thickness of mastics and coatings. Application of the material to the test panels shall meet the requirements prescribed, or to the thickness and by the method to be followed in practice, such as spray, brush, or trowel. Test the coated panel prepared in accordance with the required method at 15-min intervals to determine the time required to set-to-touch, and at 30-min intervals to determine the time to reach practical hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing mastics and coatings for use as weather and vapor barrier finishes on thermal insulations and for other accessory use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:SectionSampling4Uniformity and Storage Stability5Stability Under Freezing6Density and Weight per Gallon7Consistency8Solids Content9Content of Volatiles and Coverage of Mastics and Coatings10Build11Drying Time12Flash Point13
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2003
• ICS: 27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.33 - Insulation Finishes and Moisture

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C461-81(1997)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Mastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM C461-81(2008) - Standard Test Methods for Mastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C647-19 - Standard Guide to Properties and Tests of Mastics and Coating Finishes for Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C419-20 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens of Mastic Thermal Insulation Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1483/C1483M-17(2022) - Standard Specification for Exterior Solar Radiation Control Coatings on Buildings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C461–81 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Methods for
Mastics and Coatings Used With Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C461; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
D217 Test Method for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for sampling and
Grease
testing mastics and coatings for use as weather and vapor
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
barrier finishes on thermal insulations and for other accessory
Newtonian Materials By Rotational (Brookfield type)
use.
Viscometer
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small
as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units
Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
may be approximate.
1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:
3. Terminology
Section
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
Sampling 4
Uniformity and Storage Stability 5
methods, see Terminology C168.
Stability Under Freezing 6
Density and Weight per Gallon 7
4. Sampling
Consistency 8
Solids Content 9
4.1 Prior to opening or sampling, or both, any mastic or
Content of Volatiles and Coverage of Mastics and Coatings 10
coating, its Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) should be
Build 11
reviewed to ensure appropriate precautions or personal protec-
Drying Time 12
Flash Point 13
tive equipment, or both, are utilized.
4.2 Take the samples for laboratory examination from the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
original containers immediately after stirring to a uniform
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
condition. Determine the number of containers sampled as
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
required to represent a shipment in accordance with Practice
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D140. Restir the composite sample immediately before taking
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
out portions for individual tests.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Uniformity and Storage Stability
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Open the original containers and examine them for
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
uniformity of contents. Record the degree of separation, if any,
C419 Practice for Making and Curing Test Specimens of
intoportionsofappreciablydifferentconsistency,suchasthick
Mastic Thermal Insulation Coatings
3 or thin layers, sedimentation or coagulation, etc., also of
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester
difficulty encountered in stirring to a uniform condition.
D71 Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and
3 5.2 Examine the contents of a full container of not less than
Asphalt (Displacement Method)
1 qt (1 L) that has stood undisturbed for 48 h. Make notation
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
3 of any separation of solvent or water, coagulation, or settle-
Closed Cup Tester
ment of suspended matter, that cannot be overcome by mod-
erate agitation.
5.3 Additionally, if required, examine and report the condi-
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
tion in the container after 3 months’ storage, examining for
Thermal Insulation and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on
uniformity in accordance with 5.1.
Insulation Finishes and Moisture.
Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
e1
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C461 – 81 (1997) .
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
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C461–81 (2003)
6. Stability Under Freezing between filling the cup and the reading to avoid temperature
change of the sample. Report the average of the three tests to
6.1 Fill a 1-pt (500-mL) press-top tin can three quarters full
the nearest 0.1 mm as the penetration of the sample.
with the coating, and hold the filled and closed container in a
8.4 The practical limit of cone penetration is 375. If
chamber at a temperature of 0 6 5°F (−18 6 3°C) for a
minimum of 12 h consecutively under natural convection readings above this value are obtained, or if specified, an
aluminum cone and shaft with a total weight of 50 g may be
conditions.
6.2 At the expiration of the freezing period, permit the used in place of the 150-g cone and shaft specified in Test
Method D217. If with this modification, readings exceed a
coating to warm to room temperature by exposure of the
containertothetemperatureofthelaboratoryforaminimumof penetration of 375, consistency alternatively may be deter-
mined by Test Method D2196. The helipath stand and T-bar
6h.Afterthefirstoperationoffreezingandthawing,repeatthe
procedure twice so that the coating will have been subjected to spindles may be used.
three cycles of freezing and thawing.
6.3 After the completion of the third cycle, open the
9. Solids Content
container, and note any separation of solvent or water, coagu-
9.1 Weigh about5gof material to the nearest 0.01 g into a
lation, settlement of suspended matter, or the presence of
weighedflat-bottommetaldishorcontainer(Note1).Placethe
distinct layers, or a combination of these. If the compound
dish and its contents in an oven at 105 6 2°C (220 6 5°F) for
cannot be rendered homogeneous by moderate stirring at
2 to 4 h, or until the material shows a loss of not greater than
laboratory temperature, report that it has coagulated.
0.02 g on successive hourly weighings; then cool in a desic-
7. Density and Weight per Gallon cator and weigh.
7.1 Apparatus:
NOTE 1—A friction-top can plug, 50 to 80 mm in diameter, has been
7.1.1 Container—Any suitable container of known volume
found convenient.
may be used. 7.1.1.1 describes one such container.
9.2 From the weight of the dried residue and the weight of
7.1.1.1 Brass Cylinder, short, about 3 in. (80 mm) high and
the original sample, calculate the percent nonvolatile matter.
1.5 in. (40 mm) in diameter, with the inside bottom angles
rounded is mos
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