ASTM D4843-88(1999)

Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining material losses produced by repeated wetting and drying of solid waste specimens. It also covers the visual observation of the disintegration of solid specimens.
1.2 This test method intends that the material used in the procedure be physically, chemically, and biologically representative; hence it does not address problems as a result of the inhomogeneity of specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-1999
• ICS: 13.030.10 - Solid wastes
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.01.06 - Analytical Methods

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4843-88(2004) - Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes
• Effective Date: 29-Jul-1988
• Referred By: ASTM E2060-22 - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products for Solidification/Stabilization of Inorganic Wastes
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4843 – 88 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Wetting and Drying Test of Solid Wastes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4843; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 Balance or Scale, with a capacity at least 50 % greater
than the mass of the specimen and beaker, and a sensitivity of
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining
0.01 g.
material losses produced by repeated wetting and drying of
4.3 Drying Oven, a thermostatically controlled drying oven
solid waste specimens. It also covers the visual observation of
capable of maintaining a temperature of 60 6 2°C; to be used
the disintegration of solid specimens.
for drying moisture specimen and for the solids content
1.2 This test method intends that the material used in the
determination.
procedure be physically, chemically, and biologically represen-
4.4 Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 60 6
tative; hence it does not address problems as a result of the
3°C; at a nitrogen purge rate specified in 4.5.
inhomogeneity of specimens.
4.5 Flow Controller, to set nitrogen purge flow at a rate that
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
will give 30 6 5 min residence time.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.6 Moisture Chamber, a suitably covered container capable
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of maintaining a temperature of 20 6 3°C and minimum 95 %
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
relative humidity, for preconditioning specimens.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.7 Beakers, 400-mL size (narrow type), to store sample and
2. Referenced Documents to collect particulates.
4.8 Tongs, to handle samples.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
5. Sample Preparation
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
5.1 Specimen Size—44 mm diameter by 74 mm in length.
D 2216 Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Water
3 5.1.1 Specimens may be cut to size from larger samples.
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock
5.1.2 Specimens can also be molded in disposable plastic
3. Significance and Use molds. When molding specimens refer to Practice C 305 (see
2.1).
3.1 This test method is intended for the evaluation of the
wetting and drying resistance of monolithic, solid, solidified/
NOTE 1—Practice C 305 refers to pastes and mortars. Molding materi-
stabilized wastes under the testing conditions of this test
als with different consistency may require modifications and may result in
different precision.
method.
3.2 This test method may be used for the comparison of
5.2 Condition samples that are not molded for this test in the
wetting and drying resistance of wastes.
moisture chamber for a period of seven days.
3.3 Data tabulated in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3 may be
5.2.1 Samples molded for this test have to be cured in the
used to observe irregularities caused by inhomogeneity of
moisture chamber for a period of 28 days.
specimens and/or comparison of mass loss-cycle relations of
different wastes, as well as to measure method-related mass 6. Procedure
losses such as matrix dissolution.
6.1 Select one specimen for moisture content determination.
6.2 Determine moisture content of sample with Test Method
4. Apparatus
D 2216 but revised to use a temperature of 60 6 3°C (see
4.1 Disposable Molds, 44 mm inside diameter by 74 mm in
section 2.2).
length.
6.3 Select three specimens for testing and three for control
and mark them respectively.
6.4 Weigh specimens (accuracy to 0.01 g).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
6.5 Place each specimen into a beaker of known tare mass
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.06 on
Analytical Methods.
(accuracy to 0.01 g) and cover it.
Current edition approved July 29, 1988. Published September 1988.
6.5.1 Use watch glass or plastic wrap.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 4843
6.5.2 The tare mass of beaker shall be determined after 6.8.1 Add laboratory temperature water 20 6 3°C.
drying in accordance with Test Method D 2216. 6.9 Place a watch glass or plastic wrap on the beakers and
6.6 Place the three beakers containing the testing specimens store the water covered specimens at 20 6 3°C for 23 h; then
in an oven. Maintain the temperature at 60 6 3°C for 24 h transfer them to new beakers prepared according to 6.5.
while purging the oven with nitrogen gas at the controlled flow 6.9.1 Use tongs to transfer specimens. Excessive tong pres-
rate corresponding to 30 6 5 min residence time. sure may result in premature failure or damage specimen.
6.6.1 In order to remove moisture from the nitrogen stream, 6.10 Remove any loosely attached particulates by spraying
a water-cooled condenser and condensate collection flask may distilled water from a wash bottle to the surface of specimen
be used downstream from the oven. (10 to 20 mL distilled water). Let the water drain into the
6.7 Store the three beakers with the control specimens in the beaker of origin.
moisture chamber at 20°C for 24 h. 6.11 Conduct visual observation on the specimens’ physical
6.8 Remove the s
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