ASTM G76-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jets
Standard Test Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jets
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The significance of this test method in any overall measurements program to assess the erosion behavior of materials will depend on many factors concerning the conditions of service applications. The users of this test method should determine the degree of correlation of the results obtained with those from field performance or results using other test systems and methods. This test method may be used to rank the erosion resistance of materials under the specified conditions of testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of material loss by gas-entrained solid particle impingement erosion with jetnozzle type erosion equipment. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service environments (1, 2).2 Actual erosion service involves particle sizes, velocities, attack angles, environments, and so forth, that will vary over a wide range (3-5). Hence, any single laboratory test may not be sufficient to evaluate expected service performance. This test method describes one well characterized procedure for solid particle impingement erosion measurement for which interlaboratory test results are available.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard (exceptions below).
1.2.1 Exceptions:
Table 1 uses HRB hardness. Footnote 7 and 11.2 use abrasive grit designations.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G76 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement
1
Using Gas Jets
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG76;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G40Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
2.2 American National Standard:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of material
4
ANSI B74.10Grading of Abrasive Microgrits
loss by gas-entrained solid particle impingement erosion with
jetnozzle type erosion equipment. This test method may be
3. Terminology
used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of
3.1 Definitions:
different materials and has been used as a screening test for
3.1.1 erosion—progressive loss of original material from a
ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated
2
solid surface due to mechanical interaction between that
service environments (1, 2). Actual erosion service involves
surfaceandafluid,amulticomponentfluid,orimpingingliquid
particle sizes, velocities, attack angles, environments, and so
or solid particles.
forth, that will vary over a wide range (3-5). Hence, any single
laboratory test may not be sufficient to evaluate expected
3.1.2 impingement—a process resulting in a continuing
service performance. This test method describes one well
succession of impacts between (liquid or solid) particles and a
characterizedprocedureforsolidparticleimpingementerosion
solid surface.
measurement for which interlaboratory test results are avail-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
able.
3.2.1 erosion value—the volume loss of specimen material
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
dividedbythetotalmassofabrasiveparticlesthatimpactedthe
3 −1
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
specimen (mm ·g ).
standard (exceptions below).
3 −1
3.2.2 Normalized Erosion Rate—erosionvalue(mm ·g )of
1.2.1 Exceptions: Table 1 uses HRB hardness. Footnote 7 3 −1
specimen material divided by erosion value (mm ·g )of
and 11.2 use abrasive grit designations.
reference material.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 This test method utilizes a repeated impact erosion
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
approach involving a small nozzle delivering a stream of gas
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
containing abrasive particles which impacts the surface of a
test specimen. A standard set of test conditions is described.
2. Referenced Documents
However, deviations from some of the standard conditions are
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
permitted if described thoroughly. This allows for laboratory
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
scale erosion measurements under a range of conditions. Test
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
methodsaredescribedforpreparingthespecimens,conducting
Lot or Process
the erosion exposure, and reporting the results.
1 5. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.10 on Erosion by
5.1 The significance of this test method in any overall
Solids and Liquids.
measurements program to assess the erosion behavior of
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved
in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as G76–07. DOI: 10.1520/G0076- materials will depend on many factors concerning the condi-
13.
tions of service applications. The users of this test method
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
should determine the degree of correlation of the results
this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G76−13
TABLE 1 Characteristics of Type 1020 Steel Reference Material
Annealed 900 s at 760°C, air cooled.
Hardness: HRB = 70 ± 2.
Chemical Composition:
C=0.20±0.01wt%
Mn = 0.45 ± 0.10
S = 0.03 ± 0.01
Si = 0.1± 0.05
P = 0.01 ± 0.01
obtained with those from field performa
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G76 − 07 G76 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement
1
Using Gas Jets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G76; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of material loss by gas-entrained solid particle impingement erosion with
jetnozzle type erosion equipment. This test method may be used in the laboratory to measure the solid particle erosion of different
materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated service
2
environments (1, 2). Actual erosion service involves particle sizes, velocities, attack angles, environments, and so forth, that will
vary over a wide range (3-5). Hence, any single laboratory test may not be sufficient to evaluate expected service performance.
This test method describes one well characterized procedure for solid particle impingement erosion measurement for which
interlaboratory test results are available.
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard (exceptions below).
1.2.1 Exceptions: Table 1 uses HRB hardness. Footnote 7 and 11.2 use abrasive grit designations.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
2.2 American National Standard:
4
ANSI B74.10 Grading of Abrasive Microgrits
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.10 on Erosion by Solids
and Liquids.
Current edition approved July 1, 2007July 1, 2013. Published July 2007July 2013. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20052007 as
G76–05.–07. DOI: 10.1520/G0076-07.10.1520/G0076-13.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
TABLE 1 Characteristics of Type 1020 Steel Reference Material
Annealed 15 min at 760°C (1400°F), air cooled.
Annealed 900 s at 760°C, air cooled.
Hardness: HRB = 70 ± 2.
Chemical Composition:
C = 0.20 ± 0.01 wt %
Mn = 0.45 ± 0.10
S = 0.03 ± 0.01
Si = 0.1± 0.05
P = 0.01 ± 0.01
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G76 − 13
FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Solid Particle Erosion Equipment
3.1.1 erosion—progressive loss of original material from a solid surface due to mechanical interaction between that surface and
a fluid, a multicomponent fluid, or impinging liquid or solid particles.
3.1.2 impingement—a process resulting in a continuing succession of impacts between (liquid or solid) particles and a solid
surface.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 erosion value—the volume loss of specimen material divided by the total mass of abrasive particles that impacted the
3 −1
specimen (mm ·g ).
3 −1 3 −1
3.2.2 Normalized Erosion Rate—erosion value (mm ·g ) of specimen material divided by erosion value (mm ·g ) of reference
material.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method utilizes a repeated impact erosion approach involving a small nozzle delivering a stream of gas containing
abrasive particles which impacts the surface of a test specimen. A standard set of test conditions is described. However, deviations
from some of the standard conditions are permitted if described thoroughl
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.