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ASTM D2070-91(2006)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils

Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil’lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel at 135°C. Rod colors are the evaluation criteria. Sludge values are reported for informational purposes. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although oxidation may occur during the test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2006
ICS
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2070-91(2001) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D2070-91(2010) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM D6158-18 - Standard Specification for Mineral Hydraulic Oils
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006

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ASTM D2070-91(2006) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic OilsASTM D2070-91(2006) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
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ASTM D2070-91(2006) - Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2070–91(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Thermal Stability of Hydraulic Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope completion of the test, the copper and steel rods are rated
2 visually for discoloration and the oil is analyzed for the
1.1 This test method is designed primarily to evaluate the
quantity of sludge.
thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although
oxidation may occur during the test.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical
standard.
property changes which may adversely affect an oil’s lubricat-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ing performance. This test method evaluates the thermal
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
at 135°C. Rod colors are the evaluation criteria. Sludge values
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
are reported for informational purposes. No correlation of the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
test to field service has been made.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Apparatus
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 An aluminum block with equally spaced holes is used.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
An example is described in Fig. A1.1 of Annex A1.
Petroleum Products
5.2 Electric gravity convection oven capable of maintaining
2.2 Copper Development Association Standard
the aluminum block at a test temperature of 135°C 6 1°C.
UNS C11000 Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper
5.2.1 Calibrated thermocouple and temperature indicator
2.3 American Iron and Steel Institute Standard (AISI)
centered in aluminum block.
W-1 Carbon Tool Steel
5.3 250 mL Griffin beakers of borosilicate glass.
3. Summary of Test Method 5.4 Copper test specimens are to be UNS C11000, 99.9 %
pure electrolytic tough pitch copper, 6.35 mm in diameter by
3.1 A beaker containing test oil, copper and iron rods is
7.6 cm in length (0.25 in. by 3.0 in.).
placed in an aluminum block in an electric gravity convection
5.5 Steel test specimens are to be AISI W-1 1 % carbon
oven for 168 h at a test temperature of 135°C. At the
steel, 6.35 mm in diameter 7.6 cm in length (0.25 by 3.0 in.).
5.6 Silicon carbide abrasive 320 grit with cloth backing.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.7 Crocus cloth.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.8 No. 41 Whatman filter paper, 47 mm diameter.
D02.N0.08 on Thermal Stability.
5.9 Millipore filter, 8 micron Type SC, 47 mm diameter.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2006. Published December 2006. Originally
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2070 – 91 (2001).
5.10 Milliporeglassfilterholder,47mm,Cat#XX10.04700
DOI: 10.1520/D2070-91R06.
or equivalent.
This procedure was adopted from the Cincinnati Milacron Thermal Stability
5.11 Cincinnati Milacron color chart.
Test, Cincinnati Milacron Manual 10-SP-89050.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5.12 25 mL pipette.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
4 6
Available from Copper Development Assoc., 2 Greenwich Office Park, Box Whatman Int. Ltd., Maidstone, England.
1840, Greenwich, CT 06836. Millipore Filter Corp., Bedford, MA.
5 8
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1140 Connecticut Cincinnati Milacron, 4701 MarburgAve., Dept 97B Lubricants and Tribology,
Ave., NW, Suite 705, Washington, DC 20036, http://www.steel.org. Cincinnati, Ohio, 45209, 513-841-8660.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2070–91 (2006)
6. Reagents and weigh to nearest 0.1 mg. For each sample pre-weigh an 8
micron Millipore filter pad to the nearest 0.1 mg. From the oil
6.1 Reagent Grade Heptane—(Warning—Flammable.
filtrate, pipet 25 mL of oil and vacuum filter at a nominal 200
Health hazard.)
mmofHgvacuumthroughthepre-weighed8micronMillipore
6.2 Reagent Grade Acetone—(Warning—Flammable.
filter pad. Wash residue with heptane, air dry, and weigh to the
Health hazard.)
nearest 0.1 mg.
7. Preparation of Apparatus
9. Calculation
7.1 Handletherodsatalltimesusingforcepsorcleancotton
9.1 Total Sludge Determination—The weight of the sludge
gloves.
ontheNo.41Whatmanpaperisreportedasmilligramsper100
7.2 Catalyst preparation—Clean the iron and copper cata-
mL of oil. Therefore, the weight of the original filter paper is
lyst rods, whether new or previously used, prior to use. Clean
subtracted from the dried filter paper plus residue and the
the rods with the 320 silicon carbide abrasive cloth while
difference divided by two. The weight of the sludge on the 8
rotating the rods in a drill chuck at 1700 to 1800 r/min. Clean
micron Millipore filter pad is also reported as milligrams per
the surface until it has a bright copper or steel appearance.
100mL.Theweightoftheoriginalfilterpadissubtractedfrom
Discard rods when diameter is less than 6.2 mm.
theweigh
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Thermal stability characterizes physical and chemical property changes which may adversely affect an oil's lubricating performance. This test method evaluates the thermal stability of a hydraulic oil in the presence of copper and steel at 135 °C. No correlation of the test to field service has been made.
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1.1 This test method2 is designed primarily to evaluate the thermal stability of hydrocarbon based hydraulic oils although oxidation may occur during the test.  
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5.1 This guide discusses ways to assess the likelihood that a hydraulic fluid will undergo biodegradation if it enters an environment that is known to support biodegradation of some substances, for example the material used as the positive control in the test. The information can be used in making or assessing claims of biodegradability of a fluid formula.  
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1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.  
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