ASTM F17-98
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Materials
Standard Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F 17 – 98
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Flexible Barrier Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 17; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
under the definitions concerning rigidity based on modulus of elasticity
acid foods—foods that have a natural pH of 4.6 or below.
2
(see Terminology D 883, Terminology Relating to Plastics ). Modulus
aseptic—as applied to aseptic packaging, synonymous with
of elasticity is an inherent property of a material which in conjunction
commercially sterile.
with thickness determines flexibility.
aseptic packaging—filling of a commercially sterilized prod-
uct into presterilized containers, followed by hermetic seal- fusion seal—a bond formed by combining two or more
ing in a commercially sterile atmosphere. materials through melting or other means so that the joining
barrier—any material limiting passage through itself of solids, layers become indistinguishable at the interface.
liquids, semisolids, gases, vapors, or forms of energy such as hermetically sealed aseptic container— a container that is
ultraviolet light. designed and intended to be secure against the entry of
biological evaluation test (biotest)—a test which involves microorganisms and thereby to maintain the commercial
exposure of sealed packages to biological indicators and is sterility of its contents.
designed to determine the microbiological integrity of a laminate—a product made by bonding together two or more
package under the specific conditions of the test. layers of material or materials. (See also multilayered
coextrusion—in flexible barrier materials,(1) a process structure)
whereby two or more plastic streams are forced simulta- lamination—in flexible barrier materials, the process of
neously through one or more shaping orifices to become one preparing a laminate which consists of two or more flexible
continuously-formed multilayered structure. (2) Also, the barriers bonded together (see also laminate).
product resulting from such a process. low-acid food—any food, other than alcoholic beverages, with
commercial sterility— of thermally processed food, the con- a finished equilibrium pH greater than 4.6 and a water
dition achieved by application of heat, sufficient, alone or in activity (a ) greater than 0.85. Tomatoes and tomato prod-
w
combination with other appropriate treatments, to render the ucts having a finished equilibrium pH less than 4.7 are not
food free of microorganisms capable of growing in the food classed as low-acid foods.
at normal nonrefrigerated conditions at which the food is major package defect—a defect that is likely to result in
likely to be held during distribution and storage. failure or reduce significantly the usability of the package for
delamination—the separation of layers in a multilayered its intended use.
structure. microbiological contamination (of packaged products)—the
dispersion coating—in flexible barrier materials,(1) a pro- entry of viable microorganisms into a finished package due
cess of applying a material, suspended or dispersed in a to lack of or loss of package integrity.
vehicle, to a surface in such a way that a continuous, microbiological package integrity—the physical condition of
coalesced, adherent layer results when the vehicle liquid a finished package, including, but not limited to, the security
(usually water) is evaporated. (2) Also, the product resulting of package seals, which ensures the maintenance of the
from such a process. package contents in a commercially sterile condition.
extrusion coating—in flexible barrier materials,(1) a process minor package defect—a defect that does not significantly
of extrusion whereby a molten extrudate adheres to the reduce the usability of the package for its intended purpose,
surface of another (solid) material, forming a continuous or that is a departure from established standards having little
layer upon cooling. ( 2) Also, the product resulting from such or no bearing on the effective use of the package.
a process. multilayered structure— in flexible barrier materials,a
flexible—easily hand-folded, flexed, twisted, and bent. structure that consists of two or more continuous layers or
plies of material.
DISCUSSION—“Flexible” may be a characteristic of thin barrier
materials, especially when thinner than 5 to 10 mils, that are composed
DISCUSSION—Processes such as lamination, coextrusion, extrusion
of materials that are otherwise classified as “rigid” or “semi-rigid”
coating, and solution or dispersion coating can be used to make
multilayered structures. (See
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