ASTM D2214-00

Standard Test Method for Estimating the Thermal Conductivity of Leather with the Cenco-Fitch Apparatus

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the thermal conductivity of leather. The measured parameters are the area, the thickness, and the temperature difference between the two sides of a leather specimen. This test method is not limited to leather, but may be used for any poorly conductive material such as rubber, textiles, and cork associated with the construction of shoes. Specimens up to 0.5 in. (13 mm) thick may be run. This test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note--Thermal conductivity must be measured under steady-state conditions; however, this transient test method can be used to estimate the thermal conductivity of leather.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2000
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.03 - Footwear

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM F433-02(2020) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Thermal Conductivity of Gasket Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2000
• Referred By: ASTM E2584-20 - Standard Practice for Thermal Conductivity of Materials Using a Thermal Capacitance (Slug) Calorimeter
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2214 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Estimating the Thermal Conductivity of Leather with the
Cenco-Fitch Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope is slowly changing. The temperature difference is measured by
thermocouples. The rate of flow of heat through the specimen
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
is proportional to the area and the temperature difference of the
of the thermal conductivity of leather. The measured param-
faces of the specimen, and inversely proportional to the
eters are the area, the thickness, and the temperature difference
thickness. Assuming no heat loss, the amount of heat flowing
between the two sides of a leather specimen. This test method
through the specimen per unit time is equal to the amount of
is not limited to leather, but may be used for any poorly
heat received by the lower plate (copper block receiver) per
conductive material such as rubber, textiles, and cork associ-
unit time.
ated with the construction of shoes. Specimens up to 0.5 in. (13
mm) thick may be run. This test method does not apply to wet
5. Significance and Use
blue.
5.1 Part of the function of a shoe is to assist the foot in
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
maintaining body temperature and to guard against large heat
as standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
changes. The insulating property of a material used in shoe
information only.
construction is dependent on porosity or the amount of air
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
spaces present. A good insulating material has a low thermal
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
conductivity value, k. The thermal conductivity value increases
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
with an increase in moisture content since the k value for water
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4 4
is high, 14 by 10 cal·cm/s·cm · °C (0.59 W/m·K).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
NOTE 1—Thermal conductivity must be measured under steady-state
conditions; however, this transient test method can be used to estimate the
6.1 Cenco-Fitch Conductivity Apparatus— The apparatus
thermal conductivity of leather.
shall consist of two parts, the source and the receiver. The
source shall be a copper vessel, heat insulated on the sides. The
2. Referenced Documents
base of the source shall be a heavy copper plate which shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
face ground and nickel plated. The receiver shall contain an
D 1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather
insulated copper plug which shall also be face ground. A
Products for Testing
copper-constantan junction shall be embedded in the base of
the source and leads connected to a binding post in the side of
3. Terminology
the vessel. A second copper-constantan junction shall be
3.1 Definitions:
embedded in the copper receiver and leads connected to a
3.1.1 thermal conductivity—the quantity of heat conducted
binding post on the side of the receiver. The mass of the copper
per unit time through unit area of a slab of unit thickness
plug shall be stamped on the receiver.
having unit temperature difference between its faces.
6.2 Galvanometer—A galvanometer with a linear scale
shall be used to record the current or deflections. If the
4. Summary of Test Method
galvanometer is so sensitive that the readings are off scale, a
4.1 A conditioned specimen of leather is placed between
shunt or fixed resistor may be connected between the galva-
two plates at different temperatures. The upper plate is at a
nometer and receiver.
constant temperature while the temperature of the lower plate
6.3 Immersion Heater—A knife-shaped heater shall be used
to maintain a constant temperature of the liquid water at the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather
boiling point.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This test
6.4 Mass, 5-kg—A mass of about 5 kg shall be placed
method was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.
(Standard Method E 60 – 1965). around the collar of the vessel to ensure close contact between
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally
the surfaces of the apparatus and the specimen.
published as D 2214 – 63T. Last previous edition D 2214 - 70 (1997).
6.5 Micrometer—A micrometer shall be used to measure the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.04.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2214
diameter of the copper block and also to measure the thickness water evaporated by adding boiling water. Take about ten
of the specimen. readings.
6.6 Metal Plates—Two uniform metal plates, about 7 by 6
9. Calculations
in. (178 by 152 mm), shall be used in measuring the thickness
9.1 Plot a graph of the data on semilogarithmic paper (2
of the specimen. The specimen is sandwiched between the
cycles by 70 d
...