ASTM A949/A949M-01(2019)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
ABSTRACT
This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures. The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process and the pipe shall be made by the spray forming process using the melt from the primary melting. The as spray formed tubes shall be machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated and descaled conditions. These pipes shall be free of contaminating iron particles. The specimens shall undergo transverse or longitudinal tension test, flattening test and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions of seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
1.4.2 The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 1: The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A949/A949M −01 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA949/A949M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversspray-formedseamlessferritic/
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive
Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corro-
A941 TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,Related
sion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
Blooms, and Forgings
and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
order.
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:
1.3 AppendixX1ofthisspecificationliststhedimensionsof
B 1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe
B 36.10M-1995 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe
B 36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
complies with all other requirements of this specification.
2.3 Other Standard:
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
(UNS)
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 3. Terminology
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1 Definitions:
with the standard.
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthisspecification,refer
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
to Terminology A941.
1.4.2 The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
3.2.1 spray-formed—denotes the fabrication of different
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
shapes of a metallic material by deposition of a spray,
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
consisting of droplets, solid particles, and particles that are
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
partially solid, onto a moving substrate.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The spray is produced by gas atomiza-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tion of the liquid metal or alloy. On impingement with the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
substrate, the species of the spray consolidate and solidify
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
completely to produce a product that is essentially free of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
porosity. The metallurgical characteristics of the spray-formed
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Current edition approved March 1, 2019. Published March 2019. Originally 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as A949/A949M – 01 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,
(2014). DOI: 10.1520/A0949_A0949M-01R19. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A949/A949M−01 (2019)
productarecontrolledprimarilybythethermalconditionofthe 6.2.5 All pipe shall be furnished in the descaled condition
spray, and that of the surface of the metallic deposit formed on and be free of contaminating iron particles. Pickling, blasting
the substrate. or surface finishing is not mandatory when pipe is bright
annealed. The purchaser may request that a passivating treat-
4. Ordering Information ment be applied.
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
7. Chemical Composition
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements as
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
prescribed in Table 2.
4.1.2 Name of material (ferritic/austenitic steel pipe),
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
8. Product Analysis
4.1.4 Size (NPS designator or outside diameter and sched-
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of two pipes
ule number of average wall thickness, or other),
from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer.Alot of pipe
4.1.5 Length (specific or random) (Section 10),
shall consist of the following number of lengths of the same
4.1.6 End finish (section on Ends of Specification A999/
size and wall thickness from any one heat of stainless steel:
A999M),
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
4.1.7 Optional requirements (Section 9), Supplementary
Requirements S1 to S4,
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
4.1.8 Test report required (section on Certification of Speci- 2 to 5, incl 200 or fraction thereof
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
fication A999/A999M),
4.1.9 Specification designation, and
8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
4.1.10 Special requirements or exceptions to the specifica-
purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall conform
tion.
to the requirements specified in Section 5.
8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1 does
5. General Requirements
not conform to the requirements specified in Section 5,an
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
analysis of each pipe from the same heat or lot may be made,
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
and all pipes conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
Specification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
9. Tensile and Hardness Properties
6. Materials and Manufacture
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
6.1 Melting—Thesteelshallbemadebytheelectric-furnace
properties prescribed in Table 3.
process or other primary processes approved by the purchaser.
6.2 Pipe Manufacture:
10. Lengths
6.2.1 The pipe shall be made by the spray forming process
10.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
using the melt from the primary melting as noted in 7.1.
regular practice:
6.2.2 The pipe shall be made by spraying the melt on to a
10.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS ⁄8
thin-walled collector tube. The as spray formed tube shall be
to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft
machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. The remaining
(Note 2) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (Note 2).
metalshallbehomogeneous,sound,andmeettherequirements
Short lengths are acceptable and the number and minimum
of Section 11.
length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
6.2.3 Unless specified by the purchaser, pipe may be fur-
purchaser.
nished as spray formed or as spray-formed and cold-finished.
6.2.4 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-
NOTE 2—This value applies when the inch-pound designation of this
specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of this
tion as shown in Table 1.
specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
10.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment
quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be less than
UNS the specified length and no more than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] over it.
Designation Temperature Quench
S31803 1870–2010°F [1020–1100°C] rapid cooling in air or water
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
S31500 1800–1900°F [980–1040°C] rapid cooling in air or water
S31200 1920–2010°F [1050–1100°C] rapid cooling in water
11.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and
S32550 1900°F [1040°C] min rapid cooling in air or water
shall have a workmanlike finish. Imperfections may be re-
S31260 1870–2010°F [1020–1100°C] rapid cooling in water
S32304 1700–1920°F [925–1050°C] rapid cooling in air or water moved by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are not
S32750 1880–2060°F [1025–1125°C] rapid cooling in air or water
decreased to less than that permitted, in the Permissible
S32900 1700–1750°F [925–955°C] rapid cooling in air or water
Variations in Wall Thickness Section of Specification A999/
S32950 1820–1880°F [995–1025°C] air cool
A999M.
A949/A949M−01 (2019)
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
UNS
A
Designation C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
S31803 0.030 max 2.00 max 0.030 max 0.020 max 1.00 max 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 0.08–0.20 . . .
S31500 0.030 ma
...
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