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ASTM C225-85(2014)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack

Standard Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The solubility of glass in contact with food, beverages, or pharmaceutical products is an important consideration for the safe packaging and storage of such materials. Autoclave conditions are specified since sterilization is often employed for the packaging of the product. It also represents one of the most extreme conditions, particularly of temperature, that containers will ordinarily experience. Any of the three test methods described may be used to establish specifications for conformity to standard values, either as specified by a customer, an agency, or “The United States Pharmacopeia:”  
3.1.1 Test Method B-A  is intended particularly for testing glass containers primarily destined for containment of products with a pH under 5.  
3.1.2 Test Method B-W  is intended particularly for testing glass containers to be used for products with a pH of 5.0 or over.  
3.1.3 Test Method P-W  is a hydrolytic autoclave test primarily intended for evaluating samples from untreated glass containers. It is often useful for testing the resistance of containers of too small capacity to permit measurements of solubility on the unbroken article by the B-W test method. Yielding the water resistance of the bulk glass, it can also be used in conjunction with the B-W test method to distinguish whether the internal surface of a container has been treated to improve its durability.  
3.2 All three test methods are suitable for specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the resistance of glass containers to chemical attack. Three test methods are presented, as follows:  
1.1.1 Test Method B-A  covers autoclave tests at 121°C on bottles partially filled with dilute acid as the attacking medium.  
1.1.2 Test Method B-W  covers autoclave tests at 121°C on bottles partially filled with distilled water as the attacking medium.  
1.1.3 Test Method P-W  covers autoclave tests at 121°C on powdered samples with pure water as the attacking medium.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2014
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
C14 - Glass and Glass Products
Drafting Committee
C14.02 - Chemical Properties and Analysis
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C225 − 85 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the resis-
Sieves
tanceofglasscontainerstochemicalattack.Threetestmethods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
are presented, as follows:
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1.1 Test Method B-A covers autoclave tests at 121°C on
bottles partially filled with dilute acid as the attacking medium.
3. Significance and Use
1.1.2 Test Method B-W covers autoclave tests at 121°C on
3.1 The solubility of glass in contact with food, beverages,
bottles partially filled with distilled water as the attacking
or pharmaceutical products is an important consideration for
medium.
the safe packaging and storage of such materials. Autoclave
1.1.3 Test Method P-W covers autoclave tests at 121°C on
conditions are specified since sterilization is often employed
powdered samples with pure water as the attacking medium.
for the packaging of the product. It also represents one of the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
most extreme conditions, particularly of temperature, that
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
containers will ordinarily experience. Any of the three test
methods described may be used to establish specifications for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conformity to standard values, either as specified by a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
customer, an agency, or “The United States Pharmacopeia:”
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 Test Method B-A is intended particularly for testing
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
glasscontainersprimarilydestinedforcontainmentofproducts
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
with a pH under 5.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.2 Test Method B-W is intended particularly for testing
2
glass containers to be used for products with a pH of 5.0 or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
over.
A569/A569M Specification for Steel, Carbon (0.15
3.1.3 Test Method P-W is a hydrolytic autoclave test primar-
Maximum,Percent),Hot-RolledSheetandStripCommer-
3
ily intended for evaluating samples from untreated glass
cial
containers. It is often useful for testing the resistance of
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-
containers of too small capacity to permit measurements of
tivity of Water
solubility on the unbroken article by the B-W test method.
Yielding the water resistance of the bulk glass, it can also be
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on
used in conjunction with the B-W test method to distinguish
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.02
on Chemical Properties and Analysis. whether the internal surface of a container has been treated to
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally
improve its durability.
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved 2009 as C225 – 85 (2009). DOI:
3.2 All three test methods are suitable for specification
10.1520/C0225-85R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
acceptance.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4. Purity of Reagents
the ASTM website.
3 4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C225 − 85 (2014)
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical of the phthalate to a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask and dissolve in
Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such about 75 mL of CO -free water. Add five drops of phenol-
2
4
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro- phthalein indicator solution and titrate with the NaOH solution
vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C225 − 85 (Reapproved 2009) C225 − 85 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C225; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the resistance of glass containers to chemical attack. Three test methods are
presented, as follows:
1.1.1 Test Method B-A covers autoclave tests at 121°C on bottles partially filled with dilute acid as the attacking medium.
1.1.2 Test Method B-W covers autoclave tests at 121°C on bottles partially filled with distilled water as the attacking medium.
1.1.3 Test Method P-W covers autoclave tests at 121°C on powdered samples with pure water as the attacking medium.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
A569/A569M Specification for Steel, Carbon (0.15 Maximum, Percent), Hot-Rolled Sheet and Strip Commercial
D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Significance and Use
3.1 The solubility of glass in contact with food, beverages, or pharmaceutical products is an important consideration for the safe
packaging and storage of such materials. Autoclave conditions are specified since sterilization is often employed for the packaging
of the product. It also represents one of the most extreme conditions, particularly of temperature, that containers will ordinarily
experience. Any of the three test methods described may be used to establish specifications for conformity to standard values, either
as specified by a customer, an agency, or “The United States Pharmacopeia:”
3.1.1 Test Method B-A is intended particularly for testing glass containers primarily destined for containment of products with
a pH under 5.
3.1.2 Test Method B-W is intended particularly for testing glass containers to be used for products with a pH of 5.0 or over.
3.1.3 Test Method P-W is a hydrolytic autoclave test primarily intended for evaluating samples from untreated glass containers.
It is often useful for testing the resistance of containers of too small capacity to permit measurements of solubility on the unbroken
article by the B-W test method. Yielding the water resistance of the bulk glass, it can also be used in conjunction with the B-W
test method to distinguish whether the internal surface of a container has been treated to improve its durability.
3.2 All three test methods are suitable for specification acceptance.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.02 on
Chemical Properties and Analysis.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009Oct. 1, 2014. Published January 2010October 2014. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved 20042009 as
C225 – 85 (2004).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/C0225-85R09.10.1520/C0225-85R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C225 − 85 (2014)
4. Purity of Reagents
4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform
to the specifications of the
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of glasses at or near 25 °C, by buoyancy.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1048-18(Specification)
Standard Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass

ABSTRACT
This specification covers heat-treated flat glass - kind HS, kind FT coated and uncoated glass used in general building construction. Glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following conditions: condition A - uncoated surfaces, condition B - spandrel glass, one surface ceramic coated, and condition C - other coated glass. Flat glass furnished under this specification shall be of the following kinds: kind HS - heat-strengthened glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned, in accordance with the applicable requirements, and kind FT - fully tempered glass shall be flat glass, either transparent or patterned in accordance with the applicable requirements. All fabrication, such as cutting to overall dimensions, edgework, drilled holes, notching, grinding, sandblasting, and etching, shall be performed before strengthening or tempering and shall be as specified. Requirements for fittings and hardware shall be as specified. In heat-strengthened and fully tempered glass, a strain pattern, which is not normally visible, may become visible under certain light conditions. The support system and the amount of glass deflection for a given set of wind-load conditions must be considered for design purposes. Heat-treated flat glass cannot be cut after tempering. Heat-treated glass can be furnished with holes, notches, cutouts, and bevels. The expansion fit and porosity of the ceramic coating shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Specimens for evaluation of resistance to alkali and acid shall be prepared and tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for monolithic flat heat-strengthened and fully tempered coated and uncoated glass produced on a horizontal tempering system used in general building construction and other applications.  
1.2 This specification does not address bent glass, or heat-strengthened or fully tempered glass manufactured on a vertical tempering system.  
1.3 The dimensional values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 10, of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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  • Technical specification
    8 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM F2813-18(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Glass Used as a Horizontal Surface in Desks and Tables

ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance requirements to ensure the use of safety glass when employed as an unenclosed horizontal surface under 44 in. (1118 mm) in height in a desk or table. It is intended to minimize the likelihood of serious cutting and piercing injuries that may occur due to the breakage of glass used as a horizontal surface in desks and dining, coffee, end, display, mobile, outdoor, and other types of tables. Glass shall be laminated safety glass or tempered safety glass that complies with the following: performance criteria of ANSI Z97.1-2009 and the use of monolithic annealed, monolithic chemically strengthened or monolithic wired glass shall not be permitted with the exception of glass fully-supported by and bonded to a non-glass material and glass surfaces incorporating or constituting display screens.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers performance requirements of glass used as an unenclosed horizontal surface under 44 in. (1118 mm) in height in a desk or table.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods referenced in this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    2 pages
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