ASTM E1953-07(2013)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis and Rheology Apparatus
Standard Practice for Description of Thermal Analysis and Rheology Apparatus
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Section 5 identifies essential instrumentation and accessories required to perform thermal analysis or rheometry for a variety of different instruments. The appropriate generic instrument description should be included in any test method describing use or application of the thermal analysis or rheometry instrumentation described herein.
4.2 Units included in these descriptions are used to identify needed performance criteria and are considered typical. Other units may be used when including these descriptions in a specific test method. Items underlined constitute required inputs specifically established for each test method (for example, sensitivity of temperature sensor).
4.3 Additional components and accessories may be added as needed, with the appropriate performance requirements specified. Items listed in these descriptions but not used in a test method (for example, vacuum system) may be deleted.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers generic descriptions of apparatus used for thermal analysis or rheometry measurements and its purpose is to achieve uniformity in description of thermal analysis and rheometry instrumentation throughout standard test methods. These descriptions are intended to be used as templates for inclusion in any test method where the thermal analysis instrumentation described herein is cited.
1.2 Each description contains quantifiable instrument performance requirements to be specified for each test method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: E1953 − 07(Reapproved 2013)
Standard Practice for
Description of Thermal Analysis and Rheology Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1953; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
4.1 Section 5 identifies essential instrumentation and acces-
1.1 This practice covers generic descriptions of apparatus
used for thermal analysis or rheometry measurements and its sories required to perform thermal analysis or rheometry for a
varietyofdifferentinstruments.Theappropriategenericinstru-
purpose is to achieve uniformity in description of thermal
analysis and rheometry instrumentation throughout standard ment description should be included in any test method
describing use or application of the thermal analysis or
test methods. These descriptions are intended to be used as
templates for inclusion in any test method where the thermal rheometry instrumentation described herein.
analysis instrumentation described herein is cited.
4.2 Units included in these descriptions are used to identify
needed performance criteria and are considered typical. Other
1.2 Each description contains quantifiable instrument per-
units may be used when including these descriptions in a
formance requirements to be specified for each test method.
specific test method. Items underlined constitute required
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
inputs specifically established for each test method (for
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
example, sensitivity of temperature sensor).
standard.
4.3 Additionalcomponentsandaccessoriesmaybeaddedas
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
needed, with the appropriate performance requirements speci-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fied. Items listed in these descriptions but not used in a test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method (for example, vacuum system) may be deleted.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC)—The essen-
2. Referenced Documents
tial instrumentation required to provide the minimum differen-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tial scanning calorimetric capability for this method includes:
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
5.1.1 DSC Test Chamber composed of:
ology
5.1.1.1 A furnace(s) to provide uniform controlled heating
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
or cooling of a specimen and reference to a constant tempera-
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International
ture or at a constant rate within the applicable temperature
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
range of this method.
5.1.1.2 Atemperature sensor to provide an indication of the
3. Terminology
specimen temperature to 6 ______ K.
3.1 Technical terms used in this document are found in 5.1.1.3 Differential sensors to detect a heat flow (power)
Terminologies E473 and E1142 and Standard IEEE/
difference between the specimen and reference with a range of
ASTM SI 10. ______ mW and a sensitivity of 6 _______ µW.
5.1.1.4 Ameansofsustainingatestchamberenvironmentof
______ at a purge rate of mL/min 6 ______ mL/min.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of Committee E37 on Thermal Measure-
NOTE 1—Typically, ______ % pure nitrogen, argon, or helium is
ments and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 on Fundamental,
employed when oxidation in air is a concern. Unless effects of moisture
Statistical and Mechanical Properties.
are to be studied, use of dry purge gas is recommended and is essential for
Current edition approved March 1, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally
operation at subambient temperatures.
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E1953 – 07. DOI:
10.1520/E1953-07R13.
5.1.2 A temperature controller, capable of executing a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
specific temperature program by operating the furnace(s)
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
between selected temperature limits at a rate of temperature
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. change of ______ K/min constant to 6 ______ K/min (list
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1953 − 07 (2013)
coolingrequirementsseparatelyifdifferent)oratanisothermal 5.2.4 A sensing element linear over a minimum range
temperature constant to 6 ______ K. of______ mm to measure the displacement of the rigid __
probe to 6 __ µm resulting from changes in length/height of
5.1.3 A data collection device, to provide a means of
acquiring, storing, and displaying measured or calculated the specimen.
signals,orboth.TheminimumoutputsignalsrequiredforDSC
5.2.5 A weight or force transducer to generate a constant
are heat flow, temperature, and time.
force of ______6 ______ [or between _____ and ______6
______ ] that is applied through the rigid ______probe to the
5.1.4 Containers (pans, crucibles, vials, lids, closures, seals,
etc.) that are inert to the specimen and reference materials and specimen.
that are of suitable structural shape and integrity to contain the
5.2.6 A furnace to provide uniform controlled heating or
specimenandreferenceinaccordancewiththespecificrequire-
coolingofaspecimentoaconstanttemperatureorataconstant
ments of this test method including:
rate within the applicable temperature range of this method.
5.1.5 Pressure/Vacuum System consisting of:
5.2.7 A temperature controller capable of executing a spe-
5.1.5.1 Apressurevesselorsimilarmeansofsealingthetest
cific temperature program by operating the furnace between
chamber at any applied pressure within the pressure limits
selected temperature limits at a rate of temperature change of
required for this method.
______ K/min constant to 6 ______ K/min [list cooling
5.1.5.2 A source of pressurized gas or vacuum capable of requirements separately if different] or at an isothermal tem-
sustaining a regulated gas pressure in the test chamber of
perature constant to 6 ______ K.
between ______ Pa and ______ Pa.
5.2.8 A temperature sensor to provide an indication of the
5.1.5.3 A pressure transducer or similar device to measure
specimen/furnace temperature to 6 ______ K.
the pressure inside the test chamber to 6_______ %, including
5.2.9 A means of sustaining an environment around the
any temperature dependence of the transducer.
specimen of ______ at a purge rate of ______ mL/min 6
______.
NOTE2—Thelinkbetweentestchamberandpressuretransducershould
allow fast pressure equilibration to ensure accurate recording of the
NOTE 3—Typically, ______ % pure nitrogen, argon, or helium is
pressure above the specimen during testing.
employed when oxidation in air is a concern. Unless effects of moisture
are to be studied, use of dry purge gas is recommended and is essential for
5.1.5.4 A pressure regulator or similar device to adjust the
operation at subambient temperatures.
applied pressure in the test chamber to 6 ______ % of the
desired value.
5.2.10 A data collection device, to provide a means of
5.1.5.5 A ballast or similar means to maintain the applied
acquiring, storing, and displaying measured or calculated
pressure in the test chamber constant to 6 ______ Pa or 6
signals, or both. The minimum output signals required for
______ %.
TMAare a change in linear dimension, temperature, and time.
5.1.5.6 Valves to control the gas or vacuum environment in
5.2.11 Auxiliary instrumentation considered necessary or
the test chamber or to isolate components of the pressure/
useful in conducting this method includes:
vacuum system, or both.
5.2.11.1 A cooling capability to hasten cool down from
5.1.6 Auxiliary instrumentation considered necessary or
elevated temperatures, to provide constant cooling rates or to
useful for conducting this method includes:
sustain an isothermal subambient temperature.
5.1.6.1 A cooling capability to hasten cool down from
5.2.11.2 Micrometerorothermeasuringdevicetodetermine
elevated temperatures, to provide constant cooling rates, or to
specimen dimensions of _____ mm 6 _____ mm.
sustain an isothermal subambient temperature.
5.2.11.3 A balance with a minimum capacity of __ mg to
5.1.6.2 A balance to weigh specimens or containers (pans,
weigh specimens or clamps, or both, to 6 ______ mg.
crucibles,
...
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