ASTM D5306-92(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Linear Flame Propagation Rate of Lubricating Oils and Hydraulic Fluids
Standard Test Method for Linear Flame Propagation Rate of Lubricating Oils and Hydraulic Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The linear flame propagation rate of a sample is a property that is relevant to the overall assessment of the flammability or relative ignitability of fire resistance lubricants and hydraulic fluids. It is intended to be used as a bench-scale test for distinguishing between the relative resistance to ignition of such materials. It is not intended to be used for the evaluation of the relative flammability of flammable, extremely flammable, or volatile fuels, solvents, or chemicals.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linear flame propagation rates of lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids supported on the surfaces of and impregnated into ceramic fiber media. Data thus generated are to be used for the comparison of relative flammability.
1.2 This test method should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method may be used as elements of fire risk which takes into account all of the factors that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5306 − 92 (Reapproved2007)
Standard Test Method for
Linear Flame Propagation Rate of Lubricating Oils and
Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5306; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Military Specifications:
MIL-H-83282C Hydraulic Fluid, Fire Resistant, Synthetic
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linear
Hydrocarbon Base, Aircraft NATO Code Number H-537
flame propagation rates of lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids
MIL-H-46170B Amm.1, Hydraulic Fluid, Rust Inhibited,
supported on the surfaces of and impregnated into ceramic
Fire Resistant, Synthetic Hydrocarbon Base
fiber media. Data thus generated are to be used for the
comparison of relative flammability.
3. Terminology
1.2 Thistestmethodshouldbeusedtomeasureanddescribe
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
3.1.1 linear flame propagation rate, n—the average quotient
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
of the distance of flame travel and the time required for the
shouldnotbeusedtodescribeorappraisethefirehazardorfire
flame front to travel that distance.
risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
4. Summary of Test Method
conditions.However,resultsofthistestmethodmaybeusedas
elements of fire risk which takes into account all of the factors
4.1 A section of a ceramic fiber support medium (string) is
that are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a
impregnated with the sample under specific conditions. The
particular end use.
impregnated fiber is placed on a standard support. The sample
is ignited and the time required for the flame front to propagate
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
across a measured distance is determined by use of a thermo-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
electricsystem.Theaveragepropagationrateisthencalculated
standard.
from the measured distance of flame travel and the time
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
required for the flame front to propagate over that distance.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 The linear flame propagation rate of a sample is a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
property that is relevant to the overall assessment of the
2. Referenced Documents flammability or relative ignitability of fire resistance lubricants
2 and hydraulic fluids. It is intended to be used as a bench-scale
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test for distinguishing between the relative resistance to igni-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
tion of such materials. It is not intended to be used for the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
evaluationoftherelativeflammabilityofflammable,extremely
flammable, or volatile fuels, solvents, or chemicals.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6. Apparatus
D02.N0.06 on Fire Resistant Fluids.
6.1 Apparatus for measurement of linear flame propagation
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
ϵ1
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5306–92(2002) .
rates:
DOI: 10.1520/D5306-92R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5306 − 92 (2007)
8.2 While the ceramic fiber support (string) is immersed in
thesample,carefullywrapanabsorbentpaperwiperaroundthe
15 mm diameter chrome plated rod. Leave one end of the rod
uncovered by the wiper.
8.3 Remove the ceramic fiber support (string) section from
the liquid sample and attach a 50 g weight to the loop at each
end. Fix the chrome-plated rod with its absorbent paper
wrapping in a horizontal position and hang the soaked string
section with attached weights over the unwrapped section of
the rod. Press down gently on the uppermost weight to cause
the soaked string to pass over the bare rod, flexing gently as it
moves. When the lower weight has been drawn up to the rod,
reverse the process until the first weight has again been drawn
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Determination of Linear Flame Propagation
up the rod. Repeat the cycle four times to work the sample
Rates
thoroughly into the string.
8.4 Transfer the string with attached weights to the covered
portion of the chrome-plated rod. Pass the string over the
6.1.1 Open Top Stainless Steel Box, as shown in Fig. 1.
absorbent paper in the manner described in 8.3. After each
6.1.2 Recorder, stripchart, fast responses. A zero-centered
complete double cycle, lift the string from the paper, rotate it
recorder with a 65 mV range and a one-half second full-scale
through 180° as it is held taut in a vertical position and then
deflection capacity has been found to be satisfactory. A chart
replace it on a fresh area of the absorbent medium.Again pass
speed of at least 1 in./min has been used for most studies.
thestringoverthepaperinthemannerdescribedin8.3.Repeat
6.1.3 Differential Thermocouple Pair, 30 gage with bare
until four double cycles have been completed.
junctions and double fiberglass wrap insulation, ISA, Type J or
8.5 Place the string support and thermocouple holder in a
Type K may be prepared from any premium grade thermo-
draft-free hood with the ventilation turned off. Level the
couple wire.
apparatus with a spirit level. Place the prepared string on the
6.1.4 Fume Hood, draft-free when ventilation system is not
string supports. The attached weights should be left in place to
operative.
provide tension in the string. Adjust the differential thermo-
6.1.5 Weights, 50 6 0.01 g, with attached hooks; two
couple junctions so that they are exactly 2 mm directly above
required.
the string. Connect the differential thermocouple pair to the
6.1.6 Chrome-Plated Tube or Rod, 15 mm diameter by 375
fast-response, zero-centered strip chart recorder.
mm long.
6.1.7 Porcelain or Glass Dish, approximately 135 mL
8.6 Start the recorder chart after an appropriate warm-up
capacity.
period. With an ignition source, ignite the sample on the string
near its support at one end of the apparatus. Permit the flame to
7. Materials
advance along the string past each thermocouple until it
extinguishes itself upon reaching the opposite string support.
7.1 Absorbent Paper Wipers, 375 by 213 mm.
Stop the recorder and start the hood ventilator to exhaust the
7.2 Ceramic Fiber, twisted yarn type 390/312, 4/5, 2.72 or
combustion products of the sample. (Warning—Take extreme
type390/312,3/4,2.72.Ceramicfibersizeusedshallbeagreed
care to avoid inhalation of the combustion products as ex-
upon by supplier and consumer and shall be specified in test
tremely toxic substances are formed during the combustion of
report.
some synthetic materials, especially halogenated and
7.3 Ignition Source, any paper book matches or wooden
phosphorus-based compounds.)
kitchen matches can be used.
8.7 Measure the horizontal distance between the thermo-
couples and interval between the first thermal effects as shown
8. Procedure
in Fig. 2. From the measured interval, the chart speed of the
8.1 Tie small loops in each end of a 500 mm section of
recorder and the known horizontal distance between thermo-
ceramic fiber support (string). Place a few millilitres of the
couplesinthetestapparatus,calculateandreportthehorizontal
sample to be studied in an evaporating dish. Immerse the
linear flame propagation rate in millimetres per second. If the
ceramic fiber support (string) in the liquid sample for 60 s.
flame does not advance during the experimental run, or if it
Avoid immersio
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.