ASTM D2786-91(1996)

Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination by high ionizing voltage mass spectrometry of seven saturated hydrocarbon types and one aromatic type in saturate petroleum fractions having average carbon numbers 16 through 32. The saturate types include alkanes (0-rings), single-ring naphthenes, and five fused naphthene types with 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 rings. The nonsaturate type is monoaromatic. Noncondensed naphthenes are analyzed as single rings. Samples must be nonolefinic and must contain less than 5 volume % monoaromatic. Composition data are in volume percent.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Oct-1991
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.04.0M - Mass Spectrometry

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D2786-91(2001)e1 - Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-1991

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2786 – 91 (Reapproved 1996) An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types Analysis of Gas-Oil Saturates Fractions
by High Ionizing Voltage Mass Spectrometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2786; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
( 71 5 71 1 85 1 99 1 113 ~alkanes!. (1)
1. Scope
3.1.1.2
1.1 This test method covers the determination by high
ionizing voltage mass spectrometry of seven saturated
( 69 5 69 1 83 1 97 1 111 1 125 1 139 ~12ring!. (2)
hydrocarbon types and one aromatic type in saturate petroleum
3.1.1.3
fractions having average carbon numbers 16 through 32. The
( 109 5 109 1 123 1 137 1 151 1 165 1 179 1 193 ~22ring!.
saturate types include alkanes (0-rings), single-ring
(3)
naphthenes, and five fused naphthene types with 2, 3, 4, 5, and
3.1.1.4
6 rings. The nonsaturate type is monoaromatic. Noncondensed
naphthenes are analyzed as single rings. Samples must be
( 149 5 149 1 163 1 177 1 191 1 205 1 219 1 233 1 247 ~32ring!.
(4)
nonolefinic and must contain less than 5 volume %
monoaromatic. Composition data are in volume percent.
3.1.1.5
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be
( 189 5 189 1 203 1 217 1 231 1 245 1 259 1 273 1 287
regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are
1 301 ~42ring!. (5)
provided for information purposes only.
3.1.1.6
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
( 229 5 229 1 243 1 257 1 271 1 285 1 299 1 313 1 327 1 341
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 355 ~52ring!. (6)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the 3.1.1.7
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
( 269 5 269 1 283 1 297 1 311 1 325 1 339 1 353 1 367 1 381
1 395 1 409 ~62ring!. (7)
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1.8
2.1 ASTM Standards:
( 91 5 91 1 105 1 117 1 119 1 129 1 131 1 133 1 143 1 145
D 2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative
1 147 1 157 1 159 1 171 ~monoaromatic!. (8)
Aromatics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling
Oils by Elution Chromatography
4. Summary of Test Method
D 3239 Test Method for Aromatic Types Analysis of Gas-
4.1 The relative abundance of alkanes (0-ring), 1-ring,
Oil Aromatic Fractions by High Ionizing Voltage Mass
, 2-ring, 3-ring, 4-ring, 5-ring, and 6-ring naphthenes in
3 4
Spectrometry
petroleum saturate fractions is determined by mass
E 137 Practice for Evaluation of Mass Spectrometers for
spectrometry using a summation of mass fragment groups most
Quantitative Analysis from a Batch Inlet
characteristic of each molecular type. Calculations are carried
out by the use of inverted matrices (derived from ion intensity
3. . Terminology
calibration sensitivities) that are specific for any average
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
carbon number. The saturate fraction is obtained by liquid
3.1.1 Characteristic Mass Groupings:
elution chromatography, see Test Method D 2549.
3.1.1.1
5. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
5.1 A knowledge of the hydrocarbon composition of process
Petroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
streams and petroleum products boiling within the range of 205
D02.04on Hydrocarbon Analysis.
to 540°C (400 to 1000°F) is useful in following the effect of
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1991. Published December 1991. Originally
published, as D 2786 – 69. Last previous edition, D 2786 – 86.
changes in process variables, diagnosing the source of plant
Hood, A., and O’Neal, M. J., Advances in Mass Spectrometry, AMSPA,
upsets and in evaluating the effect of changes in composition
Waldron, 1959, p. 175.
on product performance properties.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03. 5.2 This test method, when used together with Test Method
Discontinued; see 1993 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
D 2786
D 3239, provides a detailed analysis of the hydrocarbon 6.3 Microburet or Constant-Volume Pipet.
composition of such materials.
7. Reagents
6. Apparatus
7.1 n-Hexadecane.
6.1 Mass Spectrometer—The suitability of the mass
spectrometer to be used with this method shall be proven by
NOTE 1—Warning: Combustible. Vapor harmful.
performance tests described both herein and in Recommended
Practice E 137.
8. Calibration
6.2 Sample Inlet System—Any inlet system may be used
8.1 Calibration matrix inverses are attached in Table 1
that permits the introduction of the sample without loss,
which may be used directly provided the following procedures
contamination, or change in composition. The system must
are followed.
function in the range from 125 to 350°C to provide an
appropriate sampling device.
TABLE 1 Calibration Matrix Inverses
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5344 −0.0292 −0.0066 0.0215 0.0299 . . −0.0151
1 Ring −0.0610 0.3403 −0.2146 −0.1162 −0.0362 . . −0.0112
2 Ring −0.0039 0.0170 0.8491 −0.6968 −0.3420 . . −0.0048
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0004 + 0.0115 1.7220 −1.3545 . . 0.0152
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0138 3.2594 . . −0.0485
MA −0.0007 −0.0029 −0.0237 −0.1566 −0.3494 . . 0.3521
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6543 −0.0358 −0.0081 0.0264 0.0366 . . −0.0185
1 Ring −0.0866 0.3416 −0.2143 −0.1171 −0.0377 . . −0.0101
2 Ring −0.0053 0.0172 0.8492 −0.6968 −0.3420 . . −0.0046
3 Ring 0.0001 −0.0004 0.0115 1.7220 −1.3545 . . 0.0152
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0138 3.2594 . . −0.0485
MA 0.0001 −0.0029 −0.0237 −0.1565 −0.3493 . . 0.3521
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5243 −0.0311 −0.0075 0.0227 0.0322 . . −0.0163
1 Ring −0.0660 0.3403 −0.2130 −0.1164 −0.0385 . . −0.0121
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0154 0.8375 −0.6826 −0.3318 . . −0.0052
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0004 0.0095 1.6824 −1.3111 . . 0.0166
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0039 −0.0147 3.1247 . . −0.0527
MA −0.0007 −0.0027 −0.0220 −0.1514 −0.3331 . . 0.3612
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6435 −0.0382 −0.0092 0.0279 0.0395 . . −0.0200
1 Ring −0.0942 0.3418 −0.2125 −0.1176 −0.0403 . . −0.0112
2 Ring −0.0054 0.0155 0.8375 −0.6826 −0.3319 . . −0.0052
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0002 0.0090 1.6825 −1.3111 . . 0.0166
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0147 3.1247 . . −0.0527
MA 0.0000 −0.0027 −0.0220 −0.1514 −0.3331 . . 0.3612
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5175 −0.0338 −0.0085 0.0234 0.0344 . . −0.0178
1 Ring −0.0720 0.3404 −0.2091 −0.1183 −0.0404 . . −0.0136
2 Ring −0.0039 0.0138 0.8183 −0.6626 −0.3213 . . −0.0057
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 −1.2784 . . 0.0179
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0158 3.0158 . . −0.0567
MA −0.0007 −0.0025 −0.0206 −0.1445 −0.3010 . . 0.3677
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6335 −0.0414 −0.0103 0.0286 0.0422 . . −0.0215
1 Ring −0.1016 0.3424 −0.2086 −0.1197 −0.0424 . . −0.0126
2 Ring −0.0054 0.0140 0.8184 −0.6626 −0.3214 . . −0.0056
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0062 1.6426 −1.2784 . . 0.0179
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0004 0.0040 −0.0158 3.0158 . . −0.0566
MA −0.0002 −0.0025 −0.0206 −0.1445 −0.3200 . . 0.3677
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5109 −0.0363 −0.0094 0.0202 0.0404 . . −0.0190
1 Ring −0.0773 0.3396 −0.2080 −0.1161 −0.0413 . . −0.0154
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0118 0.8076 −0.6491 −0.3184 . . −0.0061
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 0.0032 1.6068 −1.2432 . . 0.0193
D 2786
TABLE 1 Continued
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0041 −0.0179 2.9192 . . −0.0614
MA −0.0008 −0.0023 −0.0192 −0.1369 −0.2980 . . 0.3764
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6239 −0.0443 −0.0115 0.0246 0.0494 . . −0.0232
1 Ring −0.1079 0.3418 −0.2073 −0.1173 −0.0438 . . −0.0142
2 Ring −0.0053 0.0120 0.8077 −0.6493 −0.3184 . . −0.0061
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0002 0.0030 1.6068 −1.2432 . . 0.0193
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0004 0.0041 −0.0179 2.9192 . . −0.0614
MA −0.0004 −0.0023 −0.0192 −0.1369 −0.2980 . . 0.3764
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5099 −0.0397 0.0105 0.0183 0.0458 0.0412 . −0.0223
1 Ring −0.0835 0.3403 −0.2066 −0.1137 −0.0418 0.0375 . −0.0190
2 Ring −0.0036 0.0097 0.7972 −0.6412 −0.3106 −0.1542 . 0.0000
3 Ring 0.0000 −0.0003 −0.0014 1.5634 −1.2179 −0.5944 . 0.0468
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 −0.0409 2.7690 −1.4656 . −0.0029
5 Ring 0.0004 0.001 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2055 . −0.1831
MA −0.0008 −0.0022 −0.0188 −0.1382 −0.2910 −0.4521 . 0.4049
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6188 −0.0481 −0.0127 0.0222 0.0555 0.0499 . −0.0270
1 Ring −0.1151 0.3427 −0.2059 −0.1149 −0.0446 0.0350 . −0.0176
2 Ring −0.0051 0.0098 0.7972 −0.6412 −0.3107 −0.1544 . 0.0001
3 Ring 0.0001 −0.0003 −0.0014 1.5634 −1.2179 −0.5944 . 0.0468
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0012 −0.0409 2.7690 −1.4656 . −0.0029
5 Ring 0.0003 0.0010 0.0085 0.0630 0.0996 4.2054 . −0.1831
MA −0.0007 −0.0022 −0.0188 −0.1382 −0.2910 −0.4521 . 0.4049
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5077 −0.0431 −0.0119 0.0195 0.0454 0.0441 . −0.0242
1 Ring −0.0888 0.3393 −0.2025 −0.1147 −0.0429 0.0334 . −0.0212
2 Ring −0.0033 0.0074 0.7808 −0.6176 −0.3082 −0.1470 . −0.0003
3 Ring −0.0001 −0.0002 −0.0037 1.5192 −1.1698 −0.5596 . 0.0483
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 −0.0416 2.6715 −1.4243 . −0.0056
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0898 3.9781 . −0.1851
MA −0.0009 −0.0020 −0.0173 −0.1308 −0.2717 −0.4172 . −0.4123
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6140 −0.0522 −0.0144 0.0235 0.0550 0.0533 . −0.0292
1 Ring −0.1216 0.3421 −0.2016 −0.1158 −0.0458 0.0305 . −0.0196
2 Ring −0.0048 0.0076 0.7811 −0.6176 −0.3082 −0.1472 . −0.0001
3 Ring −0.0001 −0.0002 −0.0037 1.5192 −1.1698 −0.5596 . 0.0483
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0014 −0.0416 2.6715 −1.4232 . −0.0056
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0009 0.0078 0.0592 0.0893 3.9781 . −0.1851
MA −0.0010 −0.0020 −0.0173 −0.1308 −0.2717 −0.4172 . 0.4123
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5084 −0.0474 −0.0133 0.0210 0.0435 0.0484 . −0.0263
1 Ring −0.0946 0.3397 −0.1995 −0.1145 −0.0440 0.0307 . −0.0240
2 Ring −0.0030 0.0050 0.7661 −0.6016 −0.3016 −0.1444 . −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0002 0.0000 −0.0072 1.4778 −1.1214 −0.5559 . 0.0517
4 Ring 0.0000 0.0000 0.0018 −0.0411 2.5629 −1.3179 . −0.0117
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . −0.1890
MA −0.0010 −0.0018 −0.0161 −0.1252 −0.2574 −0.3897 . 0.4237
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6096 0.0568 −0.0160 0.0252 0.0521 0.0580 . −0.0316
1 Ring −0.1267 0.3427 −0.1986 −0.1158 −0.0468 0.0277 . −0.0223
2 Ring −0.0044 0.0053 0.7662 −0.6016 −0.3018 −0.1445 . −0.0004
3 Ring −0.0003 0.0000 −0.0072 1.4778 −1.1213 −0.5559 . 0.0517
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0018 −0.0411 2.5629 −1.3179 . −0.0177
5 Ring 0.0007 0.0008 0.0072 0.0564 0.0829 3.7619 . −0.1890
MA −0.0015 −0.0018 −0.0161 −0.1253 −0.2574 −0.3897 . 0.4238
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5093 −0.0518 −0.0153 0.0226 0.0407 0.0521 . −0.0285
1 Ring −0.1003 0.3404 −0.1976 −0.1142 −0.0446 0.0282 . −0.0269
2 Ring −0.0024 0.0021 0.7580 −0.5880 −0.3011 −0.1405 . −0.0008
3 Ring −0.0002 0.0001 −0.0103 1.4393 −1.0839 −0.5414 . 0.0542
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 −0.0425 2.4806 −1.2840 . −0.0149
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6015 . −0.1927
MA −0.0011 −0.0017 −0.0148 −0.1189 −0.2409 −0.3560 . 0.4300
Isoalkanes
D 2786
TABLE 1 Continued
(71 ( 69 ( 109 ( 149 ( 189 ( 229 ( 269 (91
0 Ring 0.6093 −0.0619 −0.0183 0.0270 0.0487 0.0624 . −0.0341
1 Ring −0.1338 0.3439 −0.1965 −0.1156 −0.0473 0.0248 . −0.0250
2 Ring −0.0038 0.0023 0.7580 −0.5882 −0.3013 −0.1406 . −0.0008
3 Ring −0.0004 0.0001 −0.0103 1.4393 −1.0839 −0.5415 . 0.0542
4 Ring 0.0001 0.0000 0.0020 −0.0426 2.4806 −1.2840 . −0.0149
5 Ring 0.0009 0.0007 0.0066 0.0539 0.0750 3.6016 . −0.1927
MA −0.0190 −0.0016 −0.0148 −0.1189 −0.2410 −0.3561 . 0.4300
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5105 −0.0566 −0.0174 0.0249 0.0434 0.0528 0.0372 −0.0324
1 Ring −0.1061 0.3414 −0.1960 −0.1128 −0.0420 0.0288 0.0761 −0.0337
2 Ring −0.0016 −0.0011 0.7505 −0.5807 −0.2908 −0.1418 0.0047 −0.0011
3 Ring −0.0003 0.0004 −0.0146 1.4098 −1.0564 −0.5371 −0.2987 0.0706
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0014 −0.0506 2.3673 −1.2328 −0.6560 0.0085
5 Ring 0.0004 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3827 −0.9376 −0.1544
6 Ring 0.0005 0.0006 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1138 3.9809 −0.1763
MA −0.0012 −0.0015 −0.0143 −0.1190 −0.2369 −0.3388 −0.4136 0.4594
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6094 −0.0675 −0.0208 0.0297 0.0518 0.0631 0.0444 −0.0397
1 Ring −0.1403 0.3451 −0.1948 −0.1145 −0.0449 0.0253 0.0736 −0.0315
2 Ring −0.0032 −0.0009 0.7506 −0.5808 −0.2910 −0.1420 0.0045 −0.0010
3 Ring −0.0006 0.0004 −0.0145 1.4098 −1.0564 −0.5352 −0.2986 0.0706
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0014 −0.0506 2.3673 −1.2328 −0.6560 0.0085
5 Ring 0.0009 0.0005 0.0048 0.0407 0.0457 3.3828 −0.9376 −0.1544
6 Ring 0.0010 0.0005 0.0055 0.0457 0.0911 0.1139 3.9809 −0.1764
MA −0.0026 −0.0014 −0.0142 −0.1190 −0.2370 −0.3389 −0.4137 0.4595
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5132 −0.0621 −0.0196 0.0262 0.0471 0.0493 0.0383 −0.0344
1 Ring −0.1115 0.3425 −0.1930 −0.1133 −0.0435 0.0302 0.0753 −0.0380
2 Ring −0.0009 −0.0040 0.7378 −0.5623 −0.2821 −0.1450 −0.0032 −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0005 0.0006 −0.0185 1.3763 −1.0229 −0.5229 −0.2858 0.0741
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0019 −0.0520 2.2834 −1.1777 −0.6213 0.0034
5 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0043 0.0389 0.0409 3.2347 −0.8915 −0.1577
6 Ring 0.0005 0.0005 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1304 3.7174 −0.1753
MA −0.0013 −0.0014 −0.0128 −0.1125 −0.2213 −0.3157 −0.3738 0.4652
Isoalkanes
0 Ring 0.6096 −0.0738 −0.0233 0.0311 0.0559 0.0586 0.0455 −0.0409
1 Ring −0.1449 0.3465 −0.1918 −0.1150 −0.0461 0.0256 0.0727 −0.0358
2 Ring −0.0023 −0.0039 0.7378 −0.5624 −0.2821 −0.1452 −0.0032 −0.0005
3 Ring −0.0008 0.0007 −0.0185 1.3762 −1.0229 −0.5229 −0.2857 0.0741
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0019 −0.0520 2.2834 −1.1777 −0.6213 0.0034
5 Ring 0.0011 0.0004 0.0043 0.0389 0.0410 3.2347 −0.8914 −0.1578
6 Ring 0.0012 0.0004 0.0048 0.0424 0.0836 0.1034 3.7175 −0.1754
MA −0.0032 −0.0012 −0.0127 −0.1126 −0.2215 −0.3159 −0.3740 0.4653
C Inverse
n-Alkanes
0 Ring 0.5161 −0.0679 −0.0225 0.0282 0.0500 0.0496 0.0388 −0.0369
1 Ring −0.1166 0.3429 −0.1912 −0.1146 −0.0445 0.0291 0.0764 −0.0425
2 Ring 0.0003 −0.0080 0.7313 −0.5486 −0.2776 −0.1391 −0.0096 −0.0006
3 Ring −0.0005 0.0010 −0.0225 1.3441 −0.9981 −0.4986 −0.2786 0.0779
4 Ring 0.0000 −0.0001 0.0023 −0.0526
...