ASTM D1970/D1970M-15
(Specification)Standard Specification for Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection
Standard Specification for Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standards for polymer modified bituminous sheet materials proposed for use as underlayment on roof eaves, or valleys, or both, to prevent leakage of shingle, tile or metal roofs from water back-up due to ice dams. The underlayment sheet shall comply with the physical requirements which include thickness, maximum load, elongation, adhesion to plywood, thermal stability, flexibility, tear resistance, moisture vapor permeance, sealability, and slip resistance. The underlayment sheet shall not crack, as well, nor be too sticky as to cause damage upon being unrolled.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers polymer modified bituminous sheet materials intended for use as underlayment on roof eaves, or valleys, or both, to prevent leakage of shingle, tile, or metal roofs from water back-up due to ice dams.
1.2 These underlayment sheets have a sticky adhesive layer which is exposed by removal of a protective sheet. The top surface is suitable to work on during the application of the exposed roofing.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D1970/D1970M −15
StandardSpecification for
Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials
Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam
Protection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1970/D1970M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
Temperature
1.1 This specification covers polymer modified bituminous
D2523Practice for Testing Load-Strain Properties of Roof-
sheetmaterialsintendedforuseasunderlaymentonroofeaves,
ing Membranes
or valleys, or both, to prevent leakage of shingle, tile, or metal
D4073TestMethodforTensile-TearStrengthofBituminous
roofs from water back-up due to ice dams.
Roofing Membranes
1.2 These underlayment sheets have a sticky adhesive layer
D5147Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Modified
which is exposed by removal of a protective sheet. The top
Bituminous Sheet Material
surface is suitable to work on during the application of the
D7349TestMethodforDeterminingtheCapabilityofRoof-
exposed roofing.
ing and Waterproofing Materials to Seal around Fasteners
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units E96/E96MTest Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
Materials
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining 3. Terminology
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
with the standard.
specification, refer to Terminology D1079.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.1 lot—for the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
all material manufactured in one production run (not to exceed
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
24 h) using the same source of raw materials.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The underlayment sheet shall be supplied in roll form.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D228Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of 4.2 The underlayment sheet shall be substantially uniform
Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in
in thickness and appearance. It shall be free of visible defects
Roofing and Waterproofing such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears,
D903Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhe-
protuberances, and indentations, except for those perforations
sive Bonds or protuberances which are intentional.
D1079Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
4.3 The surface of the underlayment sheet shall be designed
D1204Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
to provide traction and slip resistance to the applicator.
NOTE 1—The intent of 4.3 is to recognize that surface slipperiness is
1 important when working on a roof and, while no test method is specified
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
in this standard, several methods for assessing the relative slipperiness of
RoofingandWaterproofingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD08.02
surfaces are available. It is the further intent of this paragraph to ensure
on Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies.
that, whatever method is used, the friction coefficient or resistance to
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2015. Published January 2015. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D1970/D1970M–14. slipping of the surface of these products should be at least as great as
DOI: 10.1520/D1970_D1970M-15. asphalt-saturated felt shingle underlayment tested under the same condi-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tions of temperature and wetness as agreed between purchaser and seller.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.4 Sheet sections shall be suitable for joining by the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. manufacturer’s recommended procedure. The entire lower
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1970/D1970M−15
surface of the underlayment sheet shall be capable of being 7.3.2 Procedure:
fully adhered to the roof deck.
7.3.2.1 Condition each specimen at least2hat23 6 2°C
[73.4 6 3.6°F].
5. Physical Requirements
7.3.2.2 Use a constant rate of elongation (CRE) tension
5.1 The underlayment sheet shall conform to the physical
testing machine, preferably with automatic load and strain
requirements prescribed in Table 1.
recording equipment and clamps that permit a uniform clamp-
ing pressure on the specimen without slipping. The initial
5.2 The underlayment sheet shall not crack nor be so sticky
clamp separation shall be a minimum of 75 mm [3 in.] 65%
as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at
for sheets having an ultimate elongation of 75% or less at
material temperatures between 4.4 and 60°C [40 and 140°F].
23.9°C [75°F] and 50 mm [2 in.] 65% for sheets having an
6. Sampling
ultimate elongation greater than 75% at 23.9°C [75°F].
6.1 Fromeachlotofunderlaymentsheet,selectsamplerolls 7.3.2.3 Maintainarateofseparationof50mm[2in.] 63%
in accordance with Test Methods D228.
per min.
7.3.2.4 Record the percent elongation of each specimen at
6.2 The rolls so selected shall constitute the representative
the visual break of the modified bitumen portion using an
sample used for all subsequent observations and tests pertain-
extensiometer, or mark the extension at visual break of the
ing to the lot of material being examined.
modified bitumen portion from the chart of the stress versus
7. Test Methods
time (knowing the speed of the chart drive and the jaw
separation rate).
7.1 Conditioning—Unless otherwise specified, condition
test specimens for at least4hat23 6 2°C [73.4 6 3.6°F] and 7.3.2.5 Record the maximum load attained by each speci-
men.
50 6 5% relative humidity prior to testing.
7.3.3 Calculation:
7.2 Thickness:
7.3.3.1 Determine the percent elongation at break of the
7.2.1 Measure the thickness of the shingle underlayment in
accordance with Test Methods D5147. modified bitumen portion obtained from the extensiometer in
7.2.2 Report the number of measurements, the average and accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, or read di-
rectly. Calculate the percent elongation from the chart as
standard deviation across the sheet.
follows:
7.3 Maximum Load and Elongation at Break—This test
a
method covers the determination of the maximum load and
%Elongation 5 3100% (1)
elongation at break of the underlayment sheets, as set forth in b
Practice D2523 except as noted below.
where:
7.3.1 Specimens:
a = extensionatmodifiedbitumenbreak(extensionatbreak
7.3.1.1 Prepare five specimens from each sample roll in
on chart×jaw separation rate divided by chart speed),
both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Specimens
and
shall be 25 mm [1 in.] 65% wide by a minimum of 150 mm
b = initial jaw separation.
[6 in.] 65% long. For materials with high elongation the
length of the sample may be reduced to 100 mm [4 in.] 65%
7.3.3.2 Determine the average percent elongation at break
if necessary to avoid limitations imposed by dimensions of the
of the modified bitumen portion in each direction.
test machine.
7.3.3.3 Calculate the average maximum load in each direc-
tion.
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Self-Adhering Polymer
7.3.4 Report—For each set of five specimens in each direc-
Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing
tion report the individual measurements, the average and
Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection
standard deviation for the size of specimen (initial length
Property SI Inch-Pound
between jaws), maximum load in kN/m [lbf/in.], percent
Thickness, min 1.0 mm 40 mils
elongation at modified bitumen break, and method of deter-
Maximum load, min
Longitudinal 4.4 kN/m 25 lbf/in.
mining elongation.
Transverse 4.4 kN/m 25 lbf/in.
Elongation at break, min of modified 10 %
7.4 Adhesion to Plywood—This test method covers the
bitumen portion
determination of the adhesive properties of the underlayment
Adhesion to plywood, min at 40°F 0.92 kgf/30.5 cm 2.0 lbf/ft width
sheets to plywood, as set forth in Test Method D903 except as
Adhesion to plywood, min at 75°F 5.44 kgf/30.5 cm 12.0 lbf/ft width
Thermal stability, max 3 mm 0.1 in.
noted below.
Flexibility temperature −29°C −20°F
7.4.1 Specimen Preparation:
Tear resistance
Longitudinal, min 89 N 20 lbf
7.4.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of one piece of
Transverse, min 89 N 20 lbf
2 underlayment sheet, 75 6 2 by 200 62mm[3 6 0.125 by 8
Moisture vapor permeance, max 5.7 ng/Pa.S.M. 0.1 U.S. Perms
Sealability around nail pass 6 0.125 in.], bonded for 15 in. (75 × 125 mm) [3 by 5 in.] to
Waterproof integrity after low temperature pass 1
one piece of 6 mm [ ⁄4in.] minimum thick plywood, APA
flexibility
Grade, Exposure 1, 75 by 150 mm [3 by 6 in.]. The plywood
Waterproof integrity of lap seam pass
must not be reused for testing.
D1970/D1970M−15
7.4.1.2 Roll test specimen three times back and forth with a 7.5.2 Procedure:
rollerwhichhasamassof11.8kg[26lb] 60.5%,diameterof 7.5.2.1 Set specimens at a 45° angle in a hot air circulating
125 mm [5 in.] 65%, and width of 125 mm [5 in.] 65%(2
oven maintained at 70 6 2°C [158 6 4°F] for 14 days.
to 3 s per cycle).
7.5.2.2 At the end of the oven-exposure period, allow
7.4.1.3 At least five specimens shall be tested for each test
specimenstoequilibrateto23.9 61.1°C[75 62°F]and50 6
temperature.
5% relative humidity for at least 4 h.
7.4.1.4 It is recommended that specimens be assembled 7.5.2.3 From the lower edge of the sheet measure to the
individually. Cutting specimens to size after assembly may
nearest 2.5 mm [0.1 in.] the furthest point of modified bitumen
influence the test results. flow. Estimate the average flow across the entire lower edge of
7.4.2 Conditioning—The test shall be performed at 23 6
the sample.
2°C [73.4 6 3.6°F] and 4 6 2°C [39.2 6 3.6°F]. Materials
7.5.3 Report—Report the individual specimen values, the
used to construct test specimens and the roller, must be
average and the standard deviation.
conditioned at the test temperature for at least 4 h prior to
7.6 Flexibility Temperature—This test method determines
assembly. Similarly, test specimens must be conditioned at the
the low temperature flexibility of the underlayment sheets. For
test temperatures for at least 1 h prior to testing.
the sheet material to be given a pass rating in this test, the
NOTE 2—Adhesion to other potential wood deck materials may be specimen must demonstrate either no visible signs of cracking
determined by this test method, but it has been observed that substrates
in the sheet after bending at the test temperature through an
such as APA approved nonveneer sheets typically give greater adhesion
angle of 180 6 5° around a 25 mm [1 in.] 65% diameter
values than the minimum specified in this standard for plywood.
mandrel in 2 6 1 s, or minor surface cracking is observed in
7.4.3 Apparatus:
the sheet and the head of water test, performed on a sheet of
7.4.3.1 Perform the test in a constant rate of extension type
material that has been subjected to this bending, yields a
tester.
passing result.
7.4.3.2 Therateoftravelofthepower-actuatedgripshallbe
7.6.1 Specimens—Prepare five specimens from each roll in
50 mm [2 in.]/min 63%. This rate which provides a laminate
both the longitudinal and transverse direction for each tem-
separation rate of 25 mm [1 in.]/min 63% shall be uniform
perature to be tested. Specimens shall be 25 mm [1 in.] 65%
throughout the test.
wide by 150 mm [6 in.] 65% long. Remove the release liner
7.4.4 Procedure:
from each specimen.
7.4.4.1 Conduct the test after the test specimens have been
7.6.2 Conditioning—Test at the temperature specified for
conditioned at the test temperature (in the environmental
compliance in Table 1 (−29 6 2°C [−20 6 3.6°F]).Allow the
chamber) for 15 min.
refrigeration unit, mandrel and specimens to equilibrate for a
7.4.4.2 Separate the free end of the underlayment sheet
minimum of 2 h.
fromtheplywoodforadistanceofabout50mm[2in.]leaving
7.6.3 Procedure:
about 75 mm [3 in.] of bonded length. Place the specimen in
7.6.3.1 Afterthespecimenshavebeenconditioned,position
thetestingmachinebyclampingthefreeendoftheplywoodin
the center of the specimen firmly on the mandrel with the
one grip, turning back the free end of the sheet and clamping
weathering side up. Bend the projecting ends without exerting
it in the other grip. Maintain the specimen in the approximate
any stress other than that required to keep the specimen in
plane of the clamps during the test. Peel at least three quarters
contactwiththemandrel.Completetheentireprocedureinside
of the bonded area, even though a peel or stripping value may
the refrigerated unit within 2 6 1 s. Bend the specimen until
be indicated before this point.
the projecting ends of the specimen are parallel to each other
7.4.5 Calculation—Determine the peel strength on the chart
keepingthebottomsurfaceincontactwiththemandrelthrough
as the average load line that will visually accommodate the
an arc of 180 6 5°. Repeat this procedure using a different
recorded curve. Record the load so indicated, corrected for
specimen and bend with the weathering side down.
tare.
7.6.3.2 Remove the specimen from the refrigerated unit and
7.4.6 Reporting—For each series of tests, report the number
immediately inspect for any signs of cracking.
ofmeasurements,theaverage,andthestandarddeviationofall
7.6.3.3 Repeat the procedure for any remaining specimens.
the test values in kg/30.5 cm width [lb/ft of width].
If the temperature of the refrigeration unit increases during
7.5 Thermal Stability—This test method determines the testing, allow the refrigeration unit to equilibrate to test
thermal stability of the underlayment sheets as set forth inTest temperature prior to testing subsequent samples.
Method D1204, except as noted below. 7.6.3.4 All specimens must pass at the test temperature of
7.5.1 Specimens: −29°C [−20°F]. Report as a pass if no cracking is visible. If
7.5.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of one piece of cracking is visible on any specimen, perfo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1970/D1970M − 14 D1970/D1970M − 15
Standard Specification for
Self-Adhering Polymer Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials
Used as Steep Roofing Underlayment for Ice Dam
Protection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1970/D1970M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers polymer modified bituminous sheet materials intended for use as underlayment on roof eaves, or
valleys, or both, to prevent leakage of shingle, tile, or metal roofs from water back-up due to ice dams.
1.2 These underlayment sheets have a sticky adhesive layer which is exposed by removal of a protective sheet. The top surface
is suitable to work on during the application of the exposed roofing.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in Roofing and
Waterproofing
D903 Test Method for Peel or Stripping Strength of Adhesive Bonds
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D2523 Practice for Testing Load-Strain Properties of Roofing Membranes
D4073 Test Method for Tensile-Tear Strength of Bituminous Roofing Membranes
D5147 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Modified Bituminous Sheet Material
D7349 Test Method for Determining the Capability of Roofing and Waterproofing Materials to Seal around Fasteners
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology D1079.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 lot—for the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist of all material manufactured in one production run (not to exceed 24
h) using the same source of raw materials.
4. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
4.1 The underlayment sheet shall be supplied in roll form.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on Steep
Roofing Products and Assemblies.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014Jan. 1, 2015. Published August 2014January 2015. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 as
D1970/D1970M – 13a.D1970/D1970M – 14. DOI: 10.1520/D1970_D1970M-14.10.1520/D1970_D1970M-15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1970/D1970M − 15
4.2 The underlayment sheet shall be substantially uniform in thickness and appearance. It shall be free of visible defects such
as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears, protuberances, and indentations, except for those perforations or
protuberances which are intentional.
4.3 The surface of the underlayment sheet shall be designed to provide traction and slip resistance to the applicator.
NOTE 1—The intent of 4.3 is to recognize that surface slipperiness is important when working on a roof and, while no test method is specified in this
standard, several methods for assessing the relative slipperiness of surfaces are available. It is the further intent of this paragraph to ensure that, whatever
method is used, the friction coefficient or resistance to slipping of the surface of these products should be at least as great as asphalt-saturated felt shingle
underlayment tested under the same conditions of temperature and wetness as agreed between purchaser and seller.
4.4 Sheet sections shall be suitable for joining by the manufacturer’s recommended procedure. The entire lower surface of the
underlayment sheet shall be capable of being fully adhered to the roof deck.
5. Physical Requirements
5.1 The underlayment sheet shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
5.2 The underlayment sheet shall not crack nor be so sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at material
temperatures between 4.4 and 60°C [40 and 140°F].
6. Sampling
6.1 From each lot of underlayment sheet, select sample rolls in accordance with Test Methods D228.
6.2 The rolls so selected shall constitute the representative sample used for all subsequent observations and tests pertaining to
the lot of material being examined.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Conditioning—Unless otherwise specified, condition test specimens for at least 4 h at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 3.6°F] and 50 6
5 % relative humidity prior to testing.
7.2 Thickness:
7.2.1 Measure the thickness of the shingle underlayment in accordance with Test Methods D5147.
7.2.2 Report the number of measurements, the average and standard deviation across the sheet.
7.3 Maximum Load and Elongation at Break—This test method covers the determination of the maximum load and elongation
at break of the underlayment sheets, as set forth in Practice D2523 except as noted below.
7.3.1 Specimens:
7.3.1.1 Prepare five specimens from each sample roll in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Specimens shall be 25
mm [1 in.] 65 % wide by a minimum of 150 mm [6 in.] 65 % long. For materials with high elongation the length of the sample
may be reduced to 100 mm [4 in.] 65 % if necessary to avoid limitations imposed by dimensions of the test machine.
7.3.2 Procedure:
7.3.2.1 Condition each specimen at least 2 h at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 3.6°F].
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Self-Adhering Polymer
Modified Bituminous Sheet Materials Used as Steep Roofing
Underlayment for Ice Dam Protection
Property SI Inch-Pound
Thickness, min 1.0 mm 40 mils
Maximum load, min
Longitudinal 4.4 kN/m 25 lbf/in.
Transverse 4.4 kN/m 25 lbf/in.
Elongation at break, min of modified 10 %
bitumen portion
Adhesion to plywood, min at 40°F 0.92 kgf/30.5 cm 2.0 lbf/ft width
Adhesion to plywood, min at 75°F 5.44 kgf/30.5 cm 12.0 lbf/ft width
Thermal stability, max 3 mm 0.1 in.
Flexibility temperature −29°C −20°F
Tear resistance
Longitudinal, min 89 N 20 lbf
Transverse, min 89 N 20 lbf
Moisture vapor permeance, max 5.7 ng/Pa.S.M. 0.1 U.S. Perms
Sealability around nail pass
Waterproof integrity after low temperature pass
flexibility
Waterproof integrity of lap seam pass
D1970/D1970M − 15
7.3.2.2 Use a constant rate of elongation (CRE) tension testing machine, preferably with automatic load and strain recording
equipment and clamps that permit a uniform clamping pressure on the specimen without slipping. The initial clamp separation shall
be a minimum of 75 mm [3 in.] 65 % for sheets having an ultimate elongation of 75 % or less at 23.9°C [75°F] and 50 mm [2
in.] 65 % for sheets having an ultimate elongation greater than 75 % at 23.9°C [75°F].
7.3.2.3 Maintain a rate of separation of 50 mm [2 in.] 63 % per min.
7.3.2.4 Record the percent elongation of each specimen at the visual break of the modified bitumen portion using an
extensiometer, or mark the extension at visual break of the modified bitumen portion from the chart of the stress versus time
(knowing the speed of the chart drive and the jaw separation rate).
7.3.2.5 Record the maximum load attained by each specimen.
7.3.3 Calculation:
7.3.3.1 Determine the percent elongation at break of the modified bitumen portion obtained from the extensiometer in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, or read directly. Calculate the percent elongation from the chart as follows:
a
%Elongation 5 3100 % (1)
b
where:
a = extension at modified bitumen break (extension at break on chart × jaw separation rate divided by chart speed), and
b = initial jaw separation.
7.3.3.2 Determine the average percent elongation at break of the modified bitumen portion in each direction.
7.3.3.3 Calculate the average maximum load in each direction.
7.3.4 Report—For each set of five specimens in each direction report the individual measurements, the average and standard
deviation for the size of specimen (initial length between jaws), maximum load in kN/m [lbf/in.], percent elongation at modified
bitumen break, and method of determining elongation.
7.4 Adhesion to Plywood—This test method covers the determination of the adhesive properties of the underlayment sheets to
plywood, as set forth in Test Method D903 except as noted below.
7.4.1 Specimen Preparation:
7.4.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of one piece of underlayment sheet, 75 6 2 by 200 6 2 mm [3 6 0.125 by 8 6 0.125
in.], bonded for 15 in. (75 × 125 mm) [3 by 5 in.] to one piece of 6 mm [ ⁄4 in.] minimum thick plywood, APA Grade, Exposure
1, 75 by 150 mm [3 by 6 in.]. The plywood must not be reused for testing.
7.4.1.2 Roll test specimen three times back and forth with a roller which has a mass of 11.8 kg [26 lb] 60.5 %, diameter of 125
mm [5 in.] 65 %, and width of 125 mm [5 in.] 65 % (2 to 3 s per cycle).
7.4.1.3 At least five specimens shall be tested for each test temperature.
7.4.1.4 It is recommended that specimens be assembled individually. Cutting specimens to size after assembly may influence
the test results.
7.4.2 Conditioning—The test shall be performed at 23 6 2°C [73.4 6 3.6°F] and 4 6 2°C [39.2 6 3.6°F]. Materials used to
construct test specimens and the roller, must be conditioned at the test temperature for at least 4 h prior to assembly. Similarly,
test specimens must be conditioned at the test temperatures for at least 1 h prior to testing.
NOTE 2—Adhesion to other potential wood deck materials may be determined by this test method, but it has been observed that substrates such as APA
approved nonveneer sheets typically give greater adhesion values than the minimum specified in this standard for plywood.
7.4.3 Apparatus:
7.4.3.1 Perform the test in a constant rate of extension type tester.
7.4.3.2 The rate of travel of the power-actuated grip shall be 50 mm [2 in.]/min 63 %. This rate which provides a laminate
separation rate of 25 mm [1 in.]/min 63 % shall be uniform throughout the test.
7.4.4 Procedure:
7.4.4.1 Conduct the test after the test specimens have been conditioned at the test temperature (in the environmental chamber)
for 15 min.
7.4.4.2 Separate the free end of the underlayment sheet from the plywood for a distance of about 50 mm [2 in.] leaving about
75 mm [3 in.] of bonded length. Place the specimen in the testing machine by clamping the free end of the plywood in one grip,
turning back the free end of the sheet and clamping it in the other grip. Maintain the specimen in the approximate plane of the
clamps during the test. Peel at least three quarters of the bonded area, even though a peel or stripping value may be indicated before
this point.
7.4.5 Calculation—Determine the peel strength on the chart as the average load line that will visually accommodate the
recorded curve. Record the load so indicated, corrected for tare.
7.4.6 Reporting—For each series of tests, report the number of measurements, the average, and the standard deviation of all the
test values in kg/30.5 cm width [lb/ft of width].
7.5 Thermal Stability—This test method determines the thermal stability of the underlayment sheets as set forth in Test Method
D1204, except as noted below.
D1970/D1970M − 15
7.5.1 Specimens:
7.5.1.1 The test specimen shall consist of one piece of underlayment sheet, 100 6 2 by 100 6 2 mm [4 6 0.125 by 4 6 0.125
in.], centered and bonded (as described in 7.4.1) to one piece of 6 mm [ ⁄4-in.] minimum thick plywood, (APA Grade, Exposure
1) 150 6 2 by 200 6 2 mm [6 6 0.125 by 8 6 0.125 in.].
7.5.1.2 At least five specimens shall be tested for each sample roll.
7.5.2 Procedure:
7.5.2.1 Set specimens at a 45° angle in a hot air circulating oven maintained at 70 6 2°C [158 6 4°F] for 14 days.
7.5.2.2 At the end of the oven-exposure period, allow specimens to equilibrate to 23.9 6 1.1°C [75 6 2°F] and 50 6 5 %
relative humidity for at least 4 h.
7.5.2.3 From the lower edge of the sheet measure to the nearest 2.5 mm [0.1 in.] the furthest point of modified bitumen flow.
Estimate the average flow across the entire lower edge of the sample.
7.5.3 Report—Report the individual specimen values, the average and the standard deviation.
7.6 Flexibility Temperature—This test method determines the low temperature flexibility of the underlayment sheets. For the
sheet material to be given a pass rating in this test, the specimen must demonstrate either no visible signs of cracking in the sheet
after bending at the test temperature through an angle of 180 6 5° around a 25 mm [1 in.] 65 % diameter mandrel in 2 6 1 s,
or minor surface cracking is observed in the sheet and the head of water test, performed on a sheet of material that has been
subjected to this bending, yields a passing result.
7.6.1 Specimens—Prepare five specimens from each roll in both the longitudinal and transverse direction for each temperature
to be tested. Specimens shall be 25 mm [1 in.] 65 % wide by 150 mm [6 in.] 65 % long. Remove the release liner from each
specimen.
7.6.2 Conditioning—Test at the temperature specified for compliance in Table 1 (−29°C [−20°F]). (−29 6 2°C [−20 6 3.6°F]).
Allow the refrigeration unit, mandrel and specimens to equilibrate for a minimum of 2 h.
7.6.3 Procedure:
7.6.3.1 After the specimens have been conditioned, position the center of the specimen firmly on the mandrel with the
weathering side up. Bend the projectin
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