ASTM D3170-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of coatings to chipping damage by stones or other flying objects. Note 1-This test method is similar to SAE J-400.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 3170 – 01
Standard Test Method for
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Chipping Resistance of Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope Test for Chip Resistance of Surface Coatings (J-400)
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Chipping Rating Standards
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis-
tance of coatings to chipping damage by stones or other flying
3. Summary of Test Method
objects.
3.1 Standardized road gravel is projected by means of a
NOTE 1—This test method is similar to SAE J-400.
controlled air blast at the coated specimens. All testing is
conducted under controlled temperature conditions, generally
1.2 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as
the standard. The English units given in parentheses are for either at ambient (room) temperature or at -29°C 6 3°C (-20°
information only. All dimensions are nominal unless otherwise 6 5°F). After the gravel impact, tape is applied to remove any
loose coating chips and the degree of chipping is determined.
specified.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Owners consider chipping of coatings, particularly on
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the leading faces and edges of automobile surfaces, unaccept-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
able. In formulating a coating or coating system to meet service
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
requirements, the resistance to chipping damage by flying
2. Referenced Documents
objects such as gravel is one of the properties of importance
2.1 ASTM Standards: since it can vary considerably as other properties are adjusted.
Since resistance to chipping decreases at lower temperatures
D 609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels
for Testing Paint, Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and partly as the result of decreased flexibility, the test may be
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more directly related to service conditions by performing it at
Related Coating Products
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness a low temperature. This test method is designed to produce a
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controlled amount of impact by the media on the coated panel
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick- in order to enhance reproducibility.
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ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
5. Apparatus
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
5.1 Gravel-Projecting Machine (Gravelometer), con-
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
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structed according to the design specifications shown in Fig.
a Ferrous Base
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1. There are two types of Gravelometers: the old cabinet style
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
and the newer, modular style with an electronic feed mecha-
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to
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nism.
a Nonferrous Metal Base
D 1733 Method of Preparation of Aluminum-Alloy Panels
NOTE 2—It is recommended that the operation/maintenance checklist
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for Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related Products
shown in Appendix X1 should be completed at least once per month for
D 2201 Practice for Preparation of Zinc-Coated and Zinc-
gravelometers that are operated on a weekly basis, and once every 6
Alloy-Coated Steel Panels for Testing Paint and Related months for gravelometers that are operated less frequently. Note that
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values in the checklist are specific to the standard gravel testing protocol.
Products
Different specifications may be necessary for other media types.
2.2 Other Documents:
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Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,
1 Warrendale, PA 15096.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
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The sole source of a suitable apparatus meeting these specifications known to
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
the committee at this time is Q-Panel Co., 26200 First St., Westlake, OH 44135. If
Subcommittee D 01.55 on Factory-Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published July 2001. Originally
Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
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published as D 3170 – 73. Last previous edition D 3170 – 74 (1996) .
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responsible technical committee,
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