ASTM A645/A645M-10(2016)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, 5 % and 51 2 % Nickel Alloy Steels, Specially Heat Treated
Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, 5 % and 5<fraction><num>1</num> <den>2</den></fraction> % Nickel Alloy Steels, Specially Heat Treated
ABSTRACT
This specification covers specially heat treated 5% and 5 1/2% nickel alloy steel plates intended primarily for welded pressure vessels for service at low or cryogenic temperatures. Plates are classified as Grade A and Grade B. The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirements specified. Plates shall be heat treated in accordance with the required specifications. The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. Tensions tests and impacts tests shall be made to meet the mechanical requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers specially heat treated 5 % and 5 1/2 % nickel alloy steel plates intended primarily for welded pressure vessels for service at low or cryogenic temperatures.
1.2 The maximum thickness of plates which can be supplied under this specification is limited only by the capacity of the material to meet the specified requirements.
1.3 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:A645/A645M −10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Pressure Vessel Plates, 5% and 5 ⁄2% Nickel Alloy Steels,
Specially Heat Treated
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA645/A645M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A577/A577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Ex-
2 amination of Steel Plates
1.1 This specification covers specially heat treated 5 % and
A578/A578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
5 ⁄2 % nickel alloy steel plates intended primarily for welded
Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applica-
pressure vessels for service at low or cryogenic temperatures.
tions
1.2 The maximum thickness of plates which can be supplied
under this specification is limited only by the capacity of the
3. General Requirements and Ordering Information
material to meet the specified requirements.
3.1 Plates supplied to this material specification shall con-
1.3 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of
form to Specification A20/A20M. These requirements outline
magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if
the testing and retesting methods and procedures, permitted
residual magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabri-
variations in dimensions and mass, quality and repair of
cation or service.
defects, marking, loading, and ordering information.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
3.2 In addition to the basic requirements of this
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
specification, certain supplementary requirements are available
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
when additional control, testing, or examination is required to
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
meet end use requirements. The purchaser is referred to the
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
listed supplementary requirements in this specification and to
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
the detailed requirements in Specification A20/A20M.
cation.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with the requirements of Specification A20/A20M, the require-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ments of this specification shall prevail.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Materials and Manufacture
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed and
shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirements of
2. Referenced Documents
Specification A20/A20M.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A20/A20M SpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforSteel
5. Heat Treatment
Plates for Pressure Vessels
5.1 Grade A plates shall be heat treated in accordance with
A435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic
5.2.GradeBplatesshallbeheattreatedinaccordancewith5.3.
Examination of Steel Plates
Shell plates and other parts, including heads and reinforcing
pads that are heated above 1125°F [605°C] for forming, shall
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
be heat treated after forming,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.11 on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
5.2 Grade A, Procedure and Sequence:
Current edition approved March 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originally
5.2.1 Hardening—The plates shall be heated to a tempera-
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A645/A645M – 10.
turewithintherangefrom1575to1675°F[855to915°C],held
DOI: 10.1520/A0645_A0645M-10R16.
within that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-645 in Section II of that Code.
min/mm]ofthickness,butinnocaselessthan15min,andthen
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C].
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2.2 Intermediate Heat Treatment—The plates shall be
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. reheated to a temperature within the range from 1275 to
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A645/A645M−10 (2016)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
1400°F [690 to 760°C], held within that temperature range for
a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case Composition, %
Element
less than 15 min, and then water-quenched to below 300°F Grade A Grade B
[150°C]. Carbon, max
Heat Analysis 0.13 0.13
5.2.3 Tempering—The plates shall be reheated to a tempera-
Produce Analysis 0.15 0.15
ture within the range from 1150 to 1225°F [620 to 665°C], held
Manganese
within that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 Heat Analysis 0.30–0.60 0.90–1.50
Product Analysis 0.25–0.66 0.84–1.59
min/mm]ofthickness,butinnocaselessthan15min,andthen
Phosphorus, max
water-quenched or air cooled to below 300°F [150°C].
Heat Analysis 0.025 0.020
Product Analysis 0.025 0.025
5.3 Grade B, Procedure and Sequence:
Sulfur, max
5.3.1 Hardening—The plates shall be heated to a tempera-
Heat Analysis 0.025 0.010
Product Analysis 0.025 0.015
turewithintherangefrom1470to1600°F[800to870°C],held
Silicon
within that temperature range for a sufficient time to obtain
A
Heat Analysis 0.20–0.40 0.15–0.30
A
uniform temperature throughout the plate thickness, and then
Product Analysis 0.18–0.45 0.13–0.33
Nickel
quenched in a liquid medium.
Heat Analysis 4.8–5.2 5.0–6.0
5.3.2 Intermediate Heat Treatment—The plates shall be
Product Analysis 4.7–5.3 4.9–6.1
reheated to a temperature within the range from 1200 to
Chromium
Heat Analysis . 0.10–1.00
1330°F [650 to 720°C], held within that temperature range for
Product Analysis . 0.06–1.05
a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case
Molybdenum
less than 15 min, and then water-quenched to below 300°F
Heat Analysis 0.20–0.35 0.10–0.30
Product Analysis 0.17–0.38 0.09–0.33
[150°C] for nominal plate thicknesses over ⁄8 in. [16 mm], or
Aluminum, total
cooled in air or water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C] for
Heat Analysis 0.02–0.12 0.02–0.05
nominal plate thicknesses of ⁄8 in. [16 mm] and under. Product Analysis 0.0
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A645/A645M − 10 A645/A645M − 10 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
Pressure Vessel Plates, 5 % and 5 ⁄2 % Nickel Alloy Steels,
Specially Heat Treated
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A645/A645M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This specification covers specially heat treated 5 % and 5 ⁄2 % nickel alloy steel plates intended primarily for welded
pressure vessels for service at low or cryogenic temperatures.
1.2 The maximum thickness of plates which can be supplied under this specification is limited only by the capacity of the
material to meet the specified requirements.
1.3 This material is susceptible to magnetization. Use of magnets in handling after heat treatment should be avoided if residual
magnetism would be detrimental to subsequent fabrication or service.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A20/A20M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
A435/A435M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
A577/A577M Specification for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination of Steel Plates
A578/A578M Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Rolled Steel Plates for Special Applications
3. General Requirements and Ordering Information
3.1 Plates supplied to this material specification shall conform to Specification A20/A20M. These requirements outline the
testing and retesting methods and procedures, permitted variations in dimensions and mass, quality and repair of defects, marking,
loading, and ordering information.
3.2 In addition to the basic requirements of this specification, certain supplementary requirements are available when additional
control, testing, or examination is required to meet end use requirements. The purchaser is referred to the listed supplementary
requirements in this specification and to the detailed requirements in Specification A20/A20M.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A20/A20M, the requirements
of this specification shall prevail.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Steelmaking Practice—The steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirements of
Specification A20/A20M.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.11
on Steel Plates for Boilers and Pressure Vessels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010March 1, 2016. Published November 2010March 2016. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 20052010
as A645/A645M – 05.A645/A645M – 10. DOI: 10.1520/A0645_A0645M-10. 10.1520/A0645_A0645M-10R16.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-645 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A645/A645M − 10 (2016)
5. Heat Treatment
5.1 Grade A plates shall be heat treated in accordance with 5.2. Grade B plates shall be heat treated in accordance with 5.3. Shell
plates and other parts, including heads and reinforcing pads that are heated above 1125°F [605°C] for forming, shall be heat treated
after forming,
5.2 Grade A, Procedure and Sequence:
5.2.1 Hardening—The plates shall be heated to a temperature within the range from 1575 to 1675°F [855 to 915°C], held within
that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min, and then
water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C].
5.2.2 Intermediate Heat Treatment—The plates shall be reheated to a temperature within the range from 1275 to 1400°F [690
to 760°C], held within that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min,
and then water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C].
5.2.3 Tempering—The plates shall be reheated to a temperature within the range from 1150 to 1225°F [620 to 665°C], held
within that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min, and then
water-quenched or air cooled to below 300°F [150°C].
5.3 Grade B, Procedure and Sequence:
5.3.1 Hardening—The plates shall be heated to a temperature within the range from 1470 to 1600°F [800 to 870°C], held within
that temperature range for a sufficient time to obtain uniform temperature throughout the plate thickness, and then quenched in a
liquid medium.
5.3.2 Intermediate Heat Treatment—The plates shall be reheated to a temperature within the range from 1200 to 1330°F [650
to 720°C], held within that temperature range for a minimum of 1 h/in. [2.4 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min,
and then water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C] for nominal plate thicknesses over ⁄8 in. [16 mm], or cooled in air or
water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C] for nominal plate thicknesses of ⁄8 in. [16 mm] and under.
5.3.3 Tempering—The plates shall be reheated to a temperature within the range from 1020 to 1150°F [550 to 620°C], held
within that temperature range for a minimum of 30 min/in. [1.2 min/mm] of thickness, but in no case less than 15 min, and then
water-quenched to below 300°F [150°C].
6. Chemical Requirements
6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table 1 unless otherwise modified in accordance with
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Element
Grade A Grade B
Carbon, max
Heat Analysis 0.13 0.13
Produce Analysis 0.15 0.15
Manganese
Heat Analysis 0.30–0.60 0.90–1.50
Product Analysis 0.25–0.66 0.84–1.59
Phosphorus, max
Heat Analysis 0.025 0.020
Product Analysis 0.025 0.025
...
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