ASTM D4060-95

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a metal panel.
1.2 Because of the poor reproducibility of this test method, it should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when numerical abrasion resistance values are to be used. Interlaboratory agreement is improved significantly when rankings of coatings are used in place of numerical values.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 7784-2.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2001
• ICS: 25.220.60 - Organic coatings
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4060-01 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A775/A775M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1044-19 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion by the Taber Abraser
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7230-06(2021) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Polymeric Lining Systems for Water Immersion in Coating Service Level III Safety-Related Applications on Metal Substrates
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A1055/A1055M-22 - Standard Specification for Zinc and Epoxy Dual-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F3059-18 - Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Gratings Used in Marine Construction and Shipbuilding
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D8367-21 - Standard Practice for Making a Laboratory Pavement Marking Sample Using a Pavement Marking and Drop-on Particles
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM B893-23 - Standard Specification for Hard-Coat Anodizing of Magnesium for Engineering Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3794-22 - Standard Guide for Testing Coil Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM A934/A934M-22 - Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated Steel Reinforcing Bars
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1803-20 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Mortar Surfaces Using a Rotary Platform Abraser
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6037-21 - Standard Test Methods for Dry Abrasion Mar Resistance of High Gloss Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E3104-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Strippable and Removable Coatings to Mitigate Spread of Radioactive Contamination
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7031-11(2019) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical and Physical Properties of Wood-Plastic Composite Products
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Referred By: ASTM B733-22 - Standard Specification for Autocatalytic (Electroless) Nickel-Phosphorus Coatings on Metal
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4060 – 95
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber
Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4060; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resis- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tance of organic coatings to abrasion produced by the Taber 3.1.1 Abrasion resistance can be expressed as one or more
Abraser on coatings applied to a plane, rigid surface, such as a of the following terms:
metal panel. 3.1.1.1 wear index—1000 times the loss in weight in
1.2 Because of the poor reproducibility of this test method, milligrams per cycle.
it should be restricted to testing in only one laboratory when 3.1.1.2 weight loss—the loss in weight in milligrams, deter-
numerical abrasion resistance values are to be used. Interlabo- mined at a specified number of cycles.
ratory agreement is improved significantly when rankings of 3.1.2 wear cycles per mil—the number of cycles of abrasion
coatings are used in place of numerical values. required to wear a film through to the substrate per mil of film
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded thickness.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
4. Summary of Test Method
information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1 The organic coating is applied at uniform thickness to a
plane, rigid panel and, after curing, the surface is abraded by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- rotating the panel under weighted abrasive wheels.
4.2 Abrasion resistance is calculated as loss in weight at a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. specified number of abrasion cycles, as loss in weight per
cycle, or as number of cycles required to remove a unit amount
2. Referenced Documents
of coating thickness.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D 823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
of Paint, Varnish, and Related Products on Test Panels 5.1 Coating on substrates can be damaged by abrasion
during manufacturing and service. This test method has been
D 968 Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
Coatings by Falling Abrasive useful in evaluating the abrasion resistance of attached coat-
ings. Ratings produced by this test method have correlated well
D 1005 Test Methods for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers with ratings produced by the falling abrasive values in Test
Method D 968.
D 1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
6. Apparatus
a Ferrous Base
6.1 Taber Abraser.
D 1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
6.2 Abrasive Wheels—Resilient calibrase wheels No. CS-10
Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to
or CS-17, as required, shall be used. Because of the slow
a Nonferrous Metal Base
hardening of the rubber bonding material in this type of wheel,
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
the wheels should not be used after the date marked on them,
Hardness
or one year after their purchase if the wheels are not dated.
NOTE 1—The hardness of the wheels can be checked by Test Method
D 2240. An acceptable hardness for both types of wheels is 81 6 5 units
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
on Shore Durometer A-2 Scale.
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
NOTE 2—The CS-17 wheels produce a harsher abrasion than the CS-10
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
wheels.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 1995. Published April 1995. Originally
published as D 4060 – 81. Last previous edition D 4060 – 90.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
Available from T. Taber Industries, 455 Bryant St., P.O. Box 164, North
Tonawanda, NY 14120-9911.
D 4060
6.3 Resurfacing Medium, an S-11 abrasive disk, used for instrument at intervals for examination of the test specimen.
resurfacing the abrasion wheels. 10.5 Remove any loose abradings remaining on the test
6.4 Vacuum Pick-Up Assembly, consisting of a vacuum unit, specimen by light brushing. Reweigh the test specimen.
a variable transformer suction regulator, a nozzle with bracket 10.6 Repeat 10.1-10.5 on at least one additional test speci-
attachment, and a connecting hose with adaptor. men of the material under test.
7. Test Specimens 11. Calculation
7.1 Apply a uniform coating of the material to be tested to 11.1 Wear Index—Compute the wear index, I, of a test
a plane, rigid panel. Specimens shall be a disk 4 in. (100 mm)
specimen as follows:
in diameter or a plate 4–in. (100–mm) square with rounded
A 2 B! 1000
~
I 5 (1)
corners and with a ⁄4-in. (6.3-mm) hole centrally located on
C
each panel. Prepare a minimum of two coated panels for the
where:
material.
A 5 weight of test specimen before abrasion, mg,
NOTE 3—The coatings should be applied in accordance with Practices
B 5 weight of test specimen after abrasion, mg, and
D 823, or as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
C 5 number of cycles of abrasion recorded.
NOTE 4—The thickness of the dry coatings should be measured in
accordance with Test Methods D 1005, D 1186, or D 1400.
NOTE 6—In calculating wear index it may be advisable t
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