ASTM C452-95

Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate

SCOPE
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO ) content of 7.0 mass%.  
1.2 The values stated in SI (Practice E380) units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1994
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.29 - Sulfate Resistance

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C452-02 - Standard Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2002
• Referred By: ASTM C1894-22 - Standard Guide for Microbially Induced Corrosion of Concrete Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM C1012/C1012M-18b - Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM C856/C856M-20 - Standard Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM C1904-22 - Standard Test Methods for Determination of the Effects of Biogenic Acidification on Concrete Antimicrobial Additives and/or Concrete Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995
• Referred By: ASTM C150/C150M-22 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1995

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 452 – 95
Standard Test Method for
Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement
Mortars Exposed to Sulfate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (SI) (The Modernized Metric System)
1.1 This test method, which is applicable only to portland
3. Significance and Use
cements, covers the determination of the expansion of mortar
3.1 This test method is used primarily by those interested in
bars made from a mixture of portland cement and gypsum in
research on methods for determining the potential sulfate
such proportions that the mixture has a sulfur trioxide (SO )
resistance of portland cement. This test method is also used to
content of 7.0 mass %.
establish that a sulfate-resisting portland cement meets the
1.2 The values stated in SI (Practice E 380) units are to be
performance requirements of Specification C 150.
regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Weights and Weighing Devices, conforming to the re-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
quirements of Specification C 1005.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Flow Table, conforming to the requirements of Specifi-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cation C 230.
2. Referenced Documents 4.3 Mixer, Bowl, and Paddle, conforming to the require-
ments of Practice C 305.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.4 Trowel and Tamper, conforming to the requirements of
C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
Test Method C 109.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 50-mm (2-in.) Cube
2 4.5 Glass Graduates, Molds, and Length Comparator, con-
Specimens)
2 forming to the requirements of Practice C 490.
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 230 Specification for Flow Table for Use in Tests of
5. Temperature and Humidity
Hydraulic Cement
5.1 Molding Room, Dry Materials, and Mixing Water—The
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
2 temperature of the molding room, dry materials, and mixing
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
water shall be maintained between 20 and 27.5°C (68 and
C 471 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Gypsum and
2 81.5°F) and the relative humidity of the molding room shall not
Gypsum Products
be less than 50 %.
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
5.2 Moist Cabinet or Room, conforming to the requirements
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
2 of Specification C 511.
Concrete
C 511 Specification for Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and
6. Materials
Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of Hydraulic
6.1 The sand used for making the test mortar shall conform
Cements and Concretes
to Specification C 778.
C 778 Specification for Standard Sand
6.2 The gypsum used for addition to the portland cement
C 1005 Specification for Weights and Weighing Devices for
shall be high grade natural gypsum with 100 % passing the
Use in the Physical Testing of Hydraulic Cements
150-μm (No. 100) sieve, at least 94 % passing the 75-μm (No.
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
200) sieve, and at least 90 % passing the 45-μm (No. 325)
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
sieve. Calculate the percentage of cement and gypsum required
to provide a mixture containing 7.0 mass % SO as follows:
Cement, % 5 @~g 2 7.0!/~g 2 c!# 3 100 (1)
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-1 on Cement
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.29 on Sulfate Resistance.
Current edition approved June 15, 1995. Published August 1995. Originally
published as C 452 – 60. Last previous edition C 452 – 89. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. Terra Alba No. 1, available from the U.S. Gypsum Co., Southard, OK plant,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. meets these requirements.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 452
Gypsum, % 5 @~7.0 2 c!/~g 2 c!# 3 100 (2) 10.2.2 Subsequent Storage—After the bars have been re-
moved from the molds and measured, store them horizontally
where:
in water at 23 6 1.7°C (73.4 6 3°F). Store the specimens with
c 5 SO content of the portland cement, %,
3 1
at least 6-mm ( ⁄4-in.) clearance on all sides except for the
g 5 SO content of the gypsum, %, and
necessary supports. Cover the specimens with at least 13 mm
7.0 5 SO content of the cement-gypsum mixture, %.
( ⁄2 in.) of water. The ratio of the volume of water to a volume
6.3 If the SO content of the gypsum is unknown, the
of the bars shall not exceed 5 to 1 to prevent excessive
gypsum shall be analyzed for SO content using Test Methods
leaching. Replenish the water with fresh water every 7 days for
C 471. The SO content shall be determined to the nearest
the first 28 days and every 28 days thereafter.
0.1 %.
6.4 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
11. Length Measurement
to water shall be understood to mean reagent water conforming
11.1 Measure the specimens for length by means of the
to Type
...