ASTM D1755-92

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of requirements for homopolymers of vinyl chloride in original powder form intended for subsequent mixing and processing in thermoplastic compositions. These resins have a nominal specific gravity of 1.4 and a theoretical chlorine content of 56.8%.  
1.2 Two types of resin have been recognized: general purpose and dispersion. When mixed with the customary amount of plasticizer, general-purpose resins yield a dry or moist powder while dispersion resins yield a liquid slurry. Since many resins are polymerized to meet special requirements, a system of classification has been provided that permits a wide choice of grades.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
Note 1—This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 1264-1980.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-1992
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1755-92(2001) - Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM D1824-16 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at Low Shear Rates
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM F1861-21 - Standard Specification for Resilient Wall Base
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM D2383-19 - Standard Test Method for Testing Plasticizer Compatibility in Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds Under Humid Conditions
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM F2169-15(2020) - Standard Specification for Resilient Stair Treads
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM D1823-16 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols and Organosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion Viscometer
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992
• Referred By: ASTM D1243-22 - Standard Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl Chloride Polymers
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-1992

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1755 – 92 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1755; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1243 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl
Chloride Polymers
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of require-
D 1249 Specification for Octyl Ortho-Phthalate Ester Plas-
ments for homopolymers of vinyl chloride in original powder
ticizers
form intended for subsequent mixing and processing in ther-
D 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
moplastic compositions. These resins have a nominal specific
Plastics
gravity of 1.4 and a theoretical chlorine content of 56.8 %.
D 1705 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis of Powdered
1.2 Two types of resin have been recognized: general
Polymers and Copolymers of Vinyl Chloride
purpose and dispersion. When mixed with the customary
D 1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
amount of plasticizer, general-purpose resins yield a dry or
D 1823 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols
moist powder while dispersion resins yield a liquid slurry.
and Organosols at High Shear Rates by Extrusion Viscom-
Since many resins are polymerized to meet special require-
eter
ments, a system of classification has been provided that permits
D 1824 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols
a wide choice of grades.
and Organosols at Low Shear Rates by Brookfield Vis-
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
cometer
standard.
D 1895 Test Methods for Apparent Density, Bulk Factor,
NOTE 1—This standard is similar in content (but not technically 6
and Pourability of Plastic Materials
equivalent) to ISO 1264 – 1980.
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 1921 Test Method for Particle Size (Sieve Analysis) of
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Plastic Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 2132 Test Method for Dust-and-Fog Tracking and Ero-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sion Resistance of Electrical Insulating Materials
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D 2396 Test Method for Powder-Mix Test of Poly(Vinyl
Chloride) (PVC) Resins Using a Torque Rheometer
2. Referenced Documents
D 2873 Test Method for Interior Porosity of Poly(Vinyl
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Chloride) (PVC) Resins by Mercury Intrusion Porosim-
D 281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
etry
Spatula Rub-Out
D 3030 Test Method for Volatile Matter (Including Water)
D 495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry
of Vinyl Chloride Resins
5, 6
Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
D 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
E 1 Specifications for ASTM Thermometers
D 1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-
3. Terminology
sistivity of Water
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
nology D 883 and Terminology D 1600, unless otherwise
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on
indicated.
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
Materials (Section D20.15.07).
4. Classification
Current edition approved June 15, 1992. Published August 1992. Originally
published as D1755 – 60 T. Last previous edition D1755 – 81 (1987).
4.1 Types—This specification covers two types of resin:
Hutson, J. L., “Proposed Method for Classifying Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins.”
4.1.1 Type GP—General-purpose resins primarily intended
ASTM Research Report File No. RR: D-20-1: (May 20, 1959). Available from
for either dry blending, preblending, or thermoplastic process-
ASTM Headquarters.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th ing.
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.
6 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
7 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
D 1755
TABLE 1 Type GP, General-Purpose Resin Requirements
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property
Order
01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
No.
1 Dilute solution unspec- <0.70 0.70 to 0.79 0.80 to 0.89 0.90 to 0.99 1.00 to 1.09 1.10 to 1.19 1.20 to 1.29 1.30 to 1.39 $1.40
(inherent) fied
viscosity
2 Sieve analysis, unspec- 0 to 9 10 to 19 20 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 59 60 to 79 80 to 99 100
percent through ified
No. 200 (75-μm)
sieve
3 Apparent (bulk)
density:
g/1000 cm unspec- <144 144 to 232 233 to 328 329 to 425 426 to 520 521 to 616 617 to 712 713 to 808 $809
ified
lb/ft unspec- <9.00 9.00 to 14.50 14.51 to 20.50 20.51 to 26.50 26.51 to 32.50 32.51 to 38.50 38.51 to 44.50 44.51 to 50.50 $50.51
ified
4 Plasticizer sorption, unspec- <50 50 to 74 75 to 99 100 to 124 125 to 149 150 to 174 175 to 199 200 to 244 $225
A
parts DOP phr ified
5 Dry flow, s/400 cm unspec- . . <2.0 2.0 to 3.9 4.0 to 5.9 6.0 to 7.9 8.0 to 9.9 $10 .
ified
6 Conductivity, max, unspec- . . <6 $6 . . . . .
μS/cm·g ified
A
phr 5 per 100 parts of resin.
TABLE 2 Type D, Dispersion Resin Requirements
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property
Order
0 12345678 9
No.
1 Dilute solution unspecified <0.90 0.90 to 0.99 1.00 to 1.09 1.10 to 1.19 1.20 to 1.29 1.30 to 1.39 1.40 to 1.49 1.50 to 159 $1.60
(inherent)
viscosity
2 Brookfield viscosity unspecified 0 to 24 25 to 49 50 to 74 75 to 99 100 to 124 125 to 149 150 to 174 175 to 199 >199
(RVF), poise
3 Severs viscosity, unspecified 0 to 49 50 to 99 100 to 149 150 to 199 200 to 299 300 to 499 500 to 999 1000 to 1499 >1499
poise
TABLE 3 Requirements of Resin GP6-43054
Requirement
Designation
Property Unit Cell Code
Order No.
min max
1 Inherent viscosity 1.10 1.19 6
2 Sieve analysis percent through No. 200 30 44 4
(75-μm) sieve (39 + 10/2)
3 3
3 Apparent (bulk) density g/1000 cm (lb/ft ) 233 328 3
(14.51) (20.50)
A
4 Plasticizer sorption parts DOP phr none 0
5 Dry flow s/400 cm 3.0 5.9 5
(4.0–2.0/2)
6 Conductivity μS/cm·g . $64
A
phr 5 per 100 parts of resin.
4.1.2 Type D—Dispersion resins primarily intended for use limit may be extended by half the cell range into the next
in organosols and plastisols. As a class, these are small in
higher or lower cell, but not both. When this is done, it is
particle size.
indicated by a dash above the cell number ( n¯) if the extension
4.2 Grades—This specification provides for as many grades
is into the higher cell, or a dash below (n) if into the lower cell.
of resin as may be selected from the possible combinations of
Extension of cell limits applies only to cells where ranges of
requirements in Table 1 and Table 2. A grade is designated by
properties are allowed and not where maximum or minimum
first indicating the type (GP or D), followed by cell numbers
values are specified. The cell number of the first property
for each property in the order in which they are listed in Table
(dilute solution viscosity) is separated from those that follow
1 and Table 2. Where there is no interest in a property, a “0” is
by a dash.
entered in place of a cell number. Should it be desirable, a cell
D 1755
NOTE 2—Resin GP64¯3054. This is a grade of general-purpose resin
12. Brookfield Viscosity
(see Table 1) having the requirements given in Table 3. Standard values
12.1 Test Method D 1824. Take readings using a Brookfield
defined by round-robin testing of eight laboratories are listed in Table 4.
RVF viscometer at 20 r/min with a No. 6 spindle. Prepare the
5. General Requirements plastisol sample as follows:
12.1.1 Plasticizer—Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP),
5.1 The resin shall be in powder form.
Type I in Specification D 1249.
5.2 The resin shall conform to the requirements of Table 1
12.1.2 Apparatus:
or Table 2, as specified by the type and grade designation
12.1.2.1 Mixer, planetary-gear type, equipped with flat
agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
beater mixing paddle.
NOTE 3—Properties not covered, such as heat stability, color, and
12.1.2.2 Vacuum Desiccator, capable of being evacuated to
volatile loss, may also be important for application performance in
133 Pa (1 mm Hg).
compounds.
12.1.3 Procedure:
6. Sampling 12.1.3.1 Condition the mixing bowl and materials to 236
1°C. Weigh 500 6 0.5 g of resin into the mixing bowl. Weigh
6.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser
300 6 0.5 g of plasticizer and add it directly on top of the resin
and the supplier, the material shall be sampled in accordance
in the mixing bowl. Hand mix with the flat beater for 1 min.
with the sampling procedure in Practice D 1898.
12.1.3.2 Mount the bowl on the mixer and mix for 5 min at
7. Number of Tests
the No. 1 speed. Stop the mixer and scrape down the sides of
the bowl and the beater. Resume mixing at the No. 2 speed for
7.1 One set of test specimens as prescribed in the Sections
an additional 15 min. Note and record the temperature of the
on General and Specific Sampling Procedures of Practice
plastisol immediately after mixing. The temperature rise must
D 1898 shall be considered sufficient for testing each batch.
not exceed 5°C. Use a cooling bath if necessary.
8. Retest and Rejection
12.1.3.3 Place the mixing bowl in the desiccator, evacuate
to 133 Pa (1 mm Hg), and allow it to remain in the desiccator
8.1 If any failure occurs, the materials may be retested to
for an additional 10 min after the foam collapses. Consider the
establish conformity in accordance with an agreement between
time in the desiccator as part of the normal aging period. Take
the purchaser and the supplier.
care to ensure that the plastisol does not overflow the container
TEST METHODS
during evacuation.
9. Dilute Solution Viscosity
13. Severs Viscosity
9.1 Test Method D 1243.
13.1 Test Method D 1823. Determinations shall be made
through a 3.17 6 0.13-mm (0.125 6 0.005-in.) diameter orifice
10. Apparent (Bulk) Density
at a gas pressure of 0.69 MPa (100 psi). The plastisol sample
10.1 Test Methods D 1895.
shall be prepared in accordance with 12.1.1-12.1.3.
11. Sieve Analysis
14. Electrical Conductivity of Water Extract
11.1 Test Method D 1921.
14.1 Definitions—See the Definitions Section of Test Meth-
NOTE 4—Test Method D 1705 may be substituted at the option of the
ods D 1125.
purchaser and the supplier.
14.2 Summary of Test Method—This test is intended to
NOTE 5—Specifications for sieve analysi
...