ASTM F1971-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistance of Tires Under Load On the Test Bench
Standard Test Method for Electrical Resistance of Tires Under Load On the Test Bench
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the electrical resistance between the wheel of a mounted and inflated tire-wheel assembly and a flat conducting surface in loaded contact with the tire.
1.2 The method specifies procedures and equipment such that electrical resistance can be accurately determined for tires with values up to 1012 ohms.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F1971–99
Standard Test Method for
Electrical Resistance of Tires Under Load On the Test
Bench
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1971; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 connection point, n—any point on the wheel or metal
loading plate where the resistance measuring instrument’s
1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the
leads are connected.
electrical resistance between the wheel of a mounted and
3.1.2 rim, n—the specially shaped circular periphery to
inflated tire-wheel assembly and a flat conducting surface in
which a tire may be mounted with appropriate bead fitment.
loaded contact with the tire.
F 538
1.2 The method specifies procedures and equipment such
3.1.3 test load, n—the force applied to a tire through the
that electrical resistance can be accurately determined for tires
rim; it is normal to the metal loading plate onto which the tire
with values up to 10 V (ohms).
is loaded.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.4 tire electrical resistance, n—the electrical resistance
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
(in ohms) measured between the wheel of a mounted and
only.
inflated tire-wheel assembly and a metallic plate onto which
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the tire is loaded at a specified load.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.5 wheel, n—a rigid structure consisting of a rim con-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
nected to a central disk that permits rotationally centered
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
attachment to an axle. F 538
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The electrical resistance of an inflated tire-wheel assem-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bly is measured between the wheel and the conducting surface
F 538 Terminology Relating to Characteristics and Perfor-
againstwhichthetireisloaded.Thismeasurementinvolvesthe
mance of Tires
use of an appropriate resistance meter and voltage application
F 1082 Practice for Tires—Determining Precision for Test
system, as well as a special test fixture or measuring stand.
Method Standards
2.2 Other Standards:
5. Significance and Use
The Tire and RimAssociation Inc. Yearbook (TRA), current
3 5.1 Occasionsexistwherestaticchargesonthevehiclemust
issue
be dissipated by way of the tires. Electrical resistance inversely
The European Tyre and Technical Organizaton (ETRTO),
4 measures the tire’s ability to dissipate static charge from the
current issue
vehicle.
The Japn Automobile Tire Manufacturer’s Association, Inc.
Yearbook (JATMA), current issue
6. Apparatus
6.1 Resistance Measuring Instrument (ohmmeter)—
3. Terminology
Resistance shall be measured by a commercial instrument
3.1 Definitions:
capable of measuring electrical resistance in ohms and having
a power source capable of 1000 V. The voltage shall be
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-09 on Tires
controlled as described in Table 1 and shall not dissipate more
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F 09.30 on Laboratory (Non-
than 3 W in the test sample. The instrument shall be capable of
Vehicular) Testing.
determining the resistance up to a value of 10 V with an
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published July 1999.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.02. accuracy of 65 %. The input impedance shall be at least 10
Available from the Tire and Rim Association, 175 Montrose West Ave., Suite
V.
150, Copley, OH.
Available from the European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization, 32/2
avenue Brugmann, B-1060 Brussels, Belgium.
Available from the Japan Automobile Tire Manufacturers’ Association, 9th
Floor,Toranomon Building, 1–12,Toranomon 1–Chome, Minato-Ku,Tokyo, Japan. A tire mounted on an approved wheel and inflated to a specified pressure.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F1971–99
TABLE 1 Test Voltage
6.5 Pressure Gage—Acommercially available gage with an
Tire Resistance Range (V) Test Voltage (V) accuracy of 63 kPa (60.5 psi).
3 4
10 to 10 1
4 5
7. Conditioning
10 to 10 10
5 6
10 to 10 100
7.1 For at least 8 h prior to measurement of passenger, light
6 12
10 to 10 1000
truck and motorcycle tire applications (24 h for all other tires),
the tire to be tested shall be kept at an ambient temperature of
6.2 Metal Loading Plate—A flat plate of dimensions suffi-
23 6 5°C [73 6 9°F], and at a relative humidity less than
cient to encompass the entire contact surface of the tire under
60 %.
test and with sufficient thickness to support the test loads
8. Measurement Conditions
described in Section 8 without visible deformation. This plate
shallbemadeofaconductivenoncorrosivemetal,forexample,
8.1 The test load applied during the measurement is 806
brass or stainless steel, free from any coating or obvious
5 % of the maximum load capacity of the tire as listed in the
surface contamination, such as oxidation or corrosion. Alumi-
applicable TRA, ETRTO, or JATMA yearbook.
num shall not be used for the plate because of its high
8.2 The inflation pressure is equal to 80 6 5 % of the
susceptibility to the rapid development of surface oxides,
pressure corresponding to the maximum load of the tire.
which may adversely affect reading accuracy.
8.3 If the tire size is not listed in the applicable TRA,
6.3 Loading Apparatus—A loading fixture (Fig. 1) capable
ETRTO, or JATMA yearbook, the above percentages apply to
of applying the tire load, in a radial direction, against the metal
the loads and inflations as marked on the sidewall of the tire.
loading plate. Test load measurement accuracy shall be 61%.
8.4 Ambient temperature during the measurement shall be
6.4 Insulating Material—Asheetofinsulatingmaterialsuch
maintained at 23 6 5°C (73 6 9°F).
aspolyethylene,PTFE(polytetrafluoroethylene),orequivalent,
8.5 Relative humidity during the measurement shall
...
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