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ASTM D8380-21

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic Coatings

Standard Test Method for Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The test method is to be used to determine the abrasion resistance or mechanical durability of thin omniphobic or thin hydrophobic coatings. These coatings are often used to enhance the surface’s value by promoting fingerprint resistance, water removal, stain resistance, and easy-clean properties. A comparison of the contact angle and the depreciation of that contact angle due to exposure to mechanical abrasion determines the coating’s ability to remain effective after exposure to environmental abrasion.  
5.1.1 The test method is used to appraise the removal of thin films when gravimetric measurements will not yield a detectable change in film mass due to the small amount of material comprising these films, which are on the order of nanometers thick.  
5.1.2 Only fully cured specimens are evaluated unless otherwise specified and agreed upon by the interested parties.  
5.2 Different coating materials may be evaluated for relative durability by evaluating abrasion cycles versus water contact angle using this method.  
5.3 Different curing or conditioning methods may be evaluated by preparing test specimens with the same coating and then evaluating abrasion resistance using this method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for evaluating dry abrasion resistance of a thin hydrophobic or omniphobic coating, or both. The coating is typically less than 100 nm thick and is applied to a planar, glass substrate by application methods including, but not limited to, physical vapor deposition (PVD), dip, or spray.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard with the exception of angular measurement which are reported in degrees.
Note 1: This test method measures a static contact angle and is not equivalent to Test Method C813 which measures an advancing contact angle.
Note 2: Test Method D4060 is not applicable to hydrophobic and omniphobic coatings because the molecular monolayer does not generally result in a detectable weight change to the specimen after subjecting it to abrasion.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2020
ICS
25.220.01 - Surface treatment and coating in general
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D8380-21 - Standard Test Method for Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic CoatingsASTM D8380-21 - Standard Test Method for Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic Coatings
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ASTM D8380-21 - Standard Test Method for Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic Coatings
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8380 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Dry Abrasion Resistance of Hydrophobic and Omniphobic
1
Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8380; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D16TerminologyforPaint,RelatedCoatings,Materials,and
Applications
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for evaluating
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
dry abrasion resistance of a thin hydrophobic or omniphobic
D4060Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic
coating,orboth.Thecoatingistypicallylessthan100nmthick
Coatings by the Taber Abraser
and is applied to a planar, glass substrate by application
D5946Test Method for Corona-Treated Polymer Films Us-
methods including, but not limited to, physical vapor deposi-
ing Water Contact Angle Measurements
tion (PVD), dip, or spray.
D7490TestMethodforMeasurementoftheSurfaceTension
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
of Solid Coatings, Substrates and Pigments using Contact
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
Angle Measurements
standard with the exception of angular measurement which are
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
reported in degrees.
ASTM Test Methods
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
NOTE 1—This test method measures a static contact angle and is not
equivalent to Test Method C813 which measures an advancing contact Determine the Precision of a Test Method
angle.
NOTE 2—Test Method D4060 is not applicable to hydrophobic and 3. Terminology
omniphobiccoatingsbecausethemolecularmonolayerdoesnotgenerally
3.1 Definitions—Definitions used in this test method are in
result in a detectable weight change to the specimen after subjecting it to
accordance withTerminology D16, unless otherwise specified.
abrasion.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2.1 abrasion cycle, n—in abrasion testing, one or more
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- movements of the abradant across a material surface, or the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- materialsurfaceacrosstheabradant,thatpermitsareturntoits
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
starting position; for this test method, one abrasion cycle is a
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- complete back and forth motion.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.2 static contact angle, Ө (degrees), n—the angle be-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tween the substrate surface and the tangent line drawn to the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
droplet surface at the three-phase point, when a liquid drop is
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
resting on a plane solid surface (see Fig. 1).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 The coating is applied in a uniform thickness to planar
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
glass panels and, after curing, the surface is abraded using a
C813TestMethodforHydrophobicContaminationonGlass
reciprocating rubbing action under controlled conditions of
by Contact Angle Measurement
pressure and abrasive action. Droplets of type IV grade of
reagent water are placed on the surface of the specimen, and
1 the contact angle values are measured and then averaged. The
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
test specimen is subjected to abrasion in the same location,
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
until the failure threshold has been reached. Abrasion resis-
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published February 2021. DOI: 10.1520/
tance is assessed by measuring the water contact angle within
D8380-21.
2
theabradedareaofthetestspecimenandreportingthenumber
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of abrasion cycles.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. NOTE 3—Aglass substrate was selected because the abradant will wear
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr
...

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Standard Practice for Estimating Critical Surface Tensions

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4.1 Damage to a pipe coating is almost unavoidable during transportation and construction. Breaks or holidays in pipe coatings may expose the pipe to possible corrosion since, after a pipe has been installed underground, the surrounding earth will be moisture-bearing and will constitute an effective electrolyte. Applied cathodic protection potentials may cause loosening of the coating, beginning at holiday edges. Spontaneous holidays may also be caused by such potentials. Usually exterior pipeline coatings applied over pipes carrying hot media (oil, gas) are exposed to high temperature inside the pipe and low temperature outside and subjected to temperature gradient. Heat flux is directed from metal (substrate) to the coating. This test method provides accelerated conditions for cathodic disbondment to occur under simulated heating and provides a measure of resistance of coatings to this type of action.  
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5.1 This practice is designed to provide guidance to a panel inspector for quantitative and consistent evaluation of coating performance from test panels coated with marine antifouling coating systems. The practice assesses performance of coating systems based on both antifouling and physical properties.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a practice for evaluating degree of biofouling settlement on and physical performance of marine coating systems when panels coated with such coating systems are subjected to immersion conditions in a marine environment. Guidance for preparation or exposure and handling of test specimens can be found in related ASTM standards as noted below (see Section 2).  
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4.1 Coating film thickness plays a critical role in the performance of the final product. This includes physical properties (abrasion/scratch resistance, color, gloss), chemical properties (solvent resistance), corrosion resistance, and long-term durability (color change, chalk, fade).  
4.2 The non-destructive measurement system based on ruggedized optical interference transforms signal outputs in coating film thickness using digital formulas (or “recipes”) which are reproducible from one instrument to another.  
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4.4 Due to the number of variables that can affect film thickness during application and the number of variables that must be set in the measurement unit while determining a recipe, it is important for the producer and the user to agree upon recipe settings depending on the coating system.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method encompasses measuring the film thickness of a coil coated organic coating layer. Operators can use this method in process during the coating application or in a laboratory setting.  
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SCOPE
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Standard Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Coatings, to perform satisfactorily, must adhere to the substrates on which they are applied. This test method has been found useful as a simple means of assessing the adhesion of coatings. Although this method is a qualitative (subjective) test it has been used in industry for many years and can provide valuable information.  
4.2 Other adhesion test methods may be useful in obtaining quantitative results. See Test Methods D2197, D3359, D4541, and D7234.  
4.3 The Performance Evaluation Scale (see Table 1) is based on both the degree of difficulty to remove the coating from the substrate and the size of removed coating chip.  
4.4 This test method does not have a known correlation to other adhesion test methods (pull-off, tape, etc.).  
4.5 A coating that has a high degree of cohesive strength may appear to have worse adhesion than one that is brittle and hence fractures easily when probed.  
4.6 This method is not to be used on overly thick coatings, that is, those which cannot be cut to the substrate with a utility knife in one stroke.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for assessing the adhesion of coating films to substrate by using a knife.  
1.2 This test method is used to establish whether the adhesion of a coating to a substrate or to another coating (in multi-coat systems) is at a generally adequate level.
Note 1: The term “substrate” relates to the basic surface on which a coating adheres (may be steel, concrete, etc. or other coating).  
1.3 This method can be used in the laboratory and field.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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