ASTM B170-99
(Specification)Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper Refinery Shapes
Standard Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper Refinery Shapes
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two grades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal deoxidizers.
1.2 Oxygen-free copper as described herein is defined as copper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010% (10 ppm).
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS designations as described in Practice E527, these designations are for cross reference only and are not specification requirements. In case of conflict, Specification B170 shall govern.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only, except for analytical measurements where SI units are the norm.
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 11 and Annex, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 170 – 99
Standard Specification for
Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—Refinery Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 170; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope B 224 Classification of Copper
B 577 Test Methods for Hydrogen Embrittlement of Cop-
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for two
per
grades of oxygen-free electrolytic copper wire bars, billets, and
B 846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
cakes produced without the use of metallic or metaloidal
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
deoxidizers.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2 Oxygen-free copper, as described herein, is defined as
E 50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Precau-
copper containing oxygen not in excess of 0.0010 % (10 ppm).
tions for Chemical Analysis of Metals
1.2.1 Grade 1 copper (UNS C10100) corresponds to the
E 53 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper
designation OFE in Classification B 224.
E 76 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200) corresponds to the
Alloys
designation OF in Classification B 224.
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for
1.2.3 Grade 2 copper may be used to produce OFS desig-
Determination of Chemical Composition
nation coppers corresponding to UNS C10400, C10500, and
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
C10700.
1.3 Although this specification includes certain UNS desig-
3. Terminology
nations as described in Practice E 527, these designations are
3.1 Definitions:
for cross reference only and are not specification requirements.
3.1.1 Definition of terms used shall be that found in Clas-
In case of conflict, Specification B 170 shall govern.
sification B 224 and Terminology B 846.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
4. Ordering Information
information only, except for analytical measurements where SI
4.1 Orders for material shall include the following informa-
units are the norm.
tion:
1.5 The following hazard caveat pertains only to Section 13
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
and Annex A1, of this specification. This standard does not
4.1.2 Grade,
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
4.1.2.1 Grade 1 copper, (UNS C10100), corresponds to the
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
designation OFE in Classification B 224,
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
4.1.2.2 Grade 2 copper (UNS C10200), corresponds to the
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
designation OF in Classification B 224,
use.
4.1.3 Shape and size, and
4.1.4 Quantity.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 The following options are available and should be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specified at time of order when required:
B 5 Specification for High Conductivity Tough-Pitch Cop-
2 4.2.1 Certification,
per Refinery Shapes
4.2.2 Test reports,
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
3 4.2.3 Piece identification,
Materials
4.2.4 The amount of silver required in troy oz/short ton for
silver bearing (OFS) coppers,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-5 on Copper
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.07 on
Refined Copper.
Current edition approved April 10, 1999. Published July 1999. Originally
published as B 170 – 42 T. Last previous edition B 170 – 93. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 170
4.2.4.1 The addition of silver up to an average of 30 troy 7.2 Wire Bars:
oz/short ton (0.102 %) will be considered within the specifi- 7.2.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or
cation, with no individual silver analysis to exceed 35 troy 7.2.2 A variation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height, or width, or
oz/short ton (0.12 %), and both, or
4.2.4.2 Copper with added silver corresponds to the desig-
7.2.3 A variation of 1 % in length from the purchaser’s
nation OFS as shown in Classification B 224 and to coppers specification shall be considered good delivery.
UNS C10400, C10500, and C10700 as defined by the agreed
7.3 Cakes:
silver content. 7.3.1 A variation of 5 % in weight, or
7.3.2 A variation of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in height or width, or
5. Chemical Composition
both, from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered
5.1 The composition of each grade shall be in accordance
good delivery.
with the requirements of Table 1.
7.3.3 Cakes may vary by 3 % from any listed or specified
5.2 By agreement between purchaser and supplier, analysis
dimension greater than 8 in. (203 mm).
may be required and limits established for elements not
7.4 Billets:
specified in Table 1.
7.4.1 For billets up to 6 in. (152.4 mm) in diameter, a
variation of 5 % in weight and 6 ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) in diameter
6. Physical Properties
from the purchaser’s specification shall be considered good
6.1 Electrical Resistivity:
delivery.
6.1.1 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 1 is 0.15176
7.4.2 For billets 6 in. (152.4 mm) and over in diameter, the
1 1
V g/m (conductivity 101 %, minimum, International An-
diameter tolerance shall be + ⁄16,− ⁄8 in. (+1.6 mm, −3.2 mm)
nealed Copper Standards, (IACS).
for good delivery.
6.1.2 The maximum mass resistivity for Grade 2 is 0.15328
7.4.3 By agreement between the manufacturer and the
V g/m (conductivity 100 %, minimum, IACS).
purchaser a diameter tolerance of +0 in., − ⁄16 in. (+0 mm, −4.8
6.2 Embrittlement Test:
mm) may be specified for billets 6 in. and over in diameter.
6.2.1 Grade 1 shall withstand ten reverse bends without
7.4.4 Billets varying in length by 62 % from the listed or
breaking, in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
specified length shall be considered good delivery.
B 577.
7.4.5 Billets shall be straight within ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) in 4 ft
6.2.2 Grade 2 shall withstand eight reverse bends without
(1.22 m) as measured at the center of the billet.
breaking in accordance with Test Method D of Test Methods
7.4.6 Billets shall not be cupped except by specific agree-
B 577.
ment at time of purchase.
7. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
7.1 Standard Shapes and Sizes—The copper shall be sup-
8.1 Wire Bars, Billets, and Cakes—Shall be substantially
plied in the form of wire bars, cakes, and billets (Note 1).
free of shrink holes, porosity, cracks, cold sets, pits, inclusions,
NOTE 1—For available shapes and sizes consult the manufacturer’s
and similar defects.
published list.
7.1.1 Wire bars covered by this specification do not conform 9. Sampling
in dimension to Specification B 5.
9.1 For routine sampling, the method of sampling shall be at
the discretion of the sampler.
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
9.2 In the case of special requirements specified in the
Element Grade 1 Grade 2
purchase order or contract, the method of sampling shall be as
B
Copper, min % 99.99 . agreed upon between the producer, or supplier, and the
Copper (including silver), min % . . . 99.95
purchaser.
ppm, max ppm, max
9.3 In case of dispute, a sampling lot shall consist of all
Antimony 4 . . .
pieces in a shipment manufactured during a single production
Arsenic 5 . . .
Bismuth 1 . . .
period as defined and recorded by the manufacturer.
Cadmium 1 . . .
9.4 Chemical Composition—In case of dispute concerning
Iron 10 . . .
Lead 5 . . . chemical composition, each party shall select two pieces from
Manganese 0.5 . . .
the lot to be investigated.
Nickel 10 . . .
9.4.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in
Oxygen 5 10
C
Phosphorus 3 . the presence of both parties by drilling five holes, approxi-
Selenium 3 . . . 1
mately ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, at points equally spaced
Silver 25 . . .
between the ends of the pieces.
Sulfur 15 . . .
Tellurium 2 . . .
9.4.2 For wire bars or billets, these holes shall be along an
Tin 2 .
approximate center line, and with cakes, along an approximate
Zinc 1 . . .
diagonal line between opposite corners.
A
Analytical uncertainty is not incorporated into the specified limits.
B 9.4.3 The drilling shall be completely through each piece.
Copper is determined by the difference of impurity total from 100.
C
Refer to Section 13. Surface drillings shall be rejected.
B 170
9.4.3.1 The drill bit used shall be thoroughly cleaned prior inspection is not practical, or if agreement is not reached, the
to use. The bit shall be made from a noncontaminating question of fact shall be submitted to a mutually agreeable
material. umpire.
9.4.3.2 No lubricant shall be used, and the drill shall not be
10. Number of Tests and Retests
forced sufficiently to cause oxidation of the drillings.
10.1 Number of Tests:
9.4.4 In case of a section more than 5 in. (125 mm) in
10.1.1 The chemical composition, except for oxygen, shall
thickness, drillings may be made from opposite sides for a
be determined as the mean of the observations from three
depth of not less than 2 in. (51 mm) in each direction instead
replicate analyses of each of the four portions.
of completely through each piece, but, in other respects, the
10.1.2 The oxygen content shall be determined as the mean
drillings shall be conducted as previously described.
of the results from the four test specimens.
9.4.5 The drillings from each of the four pieces are indi-
10.1.3 The mass resistivity shall be determined as the mean
vidually mixed and divided into three approximately equal
of the results from the four test specimens.
portions.
10.1.4 The freedom from embrittlement shall be determined
9.4.5.1 Each portion shall be placed in a sealed, noncon-
as the mean of the results from the four test specimens.
taminating, package, and
10.2 Retest:
9.4.5.2 The twelve portions shall be individually identified,
10.2.1 In case of dispute one retest may be made by the
and
manufacturer or the purchaser or both, under the conditions of
10.1.
9.4.5.3 Divided into three groups of four portion each, one
portion from each of the original four pieces; one group each 10.3 Umpire Test:
10.3.1 In the case where the retest does not settle the
for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the umpire, if neces-
sary. dispute, a second retest may be made by a third qualified
laboratory agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
9.4.6 Sampling of individual pieces weighing over 1000 lb
The second retest shall be made on the samples set aside for
(453 kg) shall be by agreement between manufacturer and the
this purpose.
purchaser.
10.3.2 The umpire provision does not preclude other ar-
9.5 Oxygen—In case of dispute concerning oxygen content,
rangements, by agreement or contract.
each party shall select two pieces from the lot to be investi-
gated.
11. Specimen Preparation
9.5.1 Each of the four selected pieces shall be sampled in
11.1 Oxygen:
the presence of both parties. A single piece of adequate size
11.1.1 The test specimen shall originate as a single piece of
shall be cut from each of the four pieces by mutually agreeable
appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet from which a
means.
0.25-in. (6.4-mm) test cube specimen is fabricated by means
9.5.2 Each piece shall be cut into three approximately equal
agreeable to the manufacturer and the purchaser.
portions. The twelve portions thus obtained shall be individu-
11.1.2 The test specimen shall be etched with a solution of
ally identified.
nitric acid (1+1) for a time sufficient to produce a visible
9.5.3 The twelve portions shall be divided into three groups
reaction.
of four portions each, one from each of the original four pieces; 11.1.3 The test specimen is removed from the acid with
one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and the
stainless steel, or platinum tipped, tongs, or forceps, and rinsed
umpire, if necessary. four times with distilled or deionized water.
11.1.4 The test specimen is covered with concentrated
9.6 Resistivity— In case of dispute concerning mass resis-
hydrochloric acid for 5 min, rinsed four times with water,
tivity, each party shall select two pieces from the lot.
blotted dry, dipped in acetone, and allowed to air dry.
9.6.1 In the presence of both parties, and by mutually
11.1.5 The test specimen is weighed to the nearest 0.1 mg
agreeable means, a single sample of adequate size shall be cut
and analyzed in a properly calibrated oxygen analyzer.
from each of the four pieces and fabricated into a wire.
11.2 Resistivity:
9.6.2 Each coil shall be cut into three portions of approxi-
11.2.1 Each test specimen shall originate as a single piece of
mately equal length, and the twelve portions thus obtained
appropriate size cut from a bar, cake, or billet. The specimen
shall be individually identified.
shall be forged or hot rolled.
9.6.3 The twelve wires shall be divided into three groups of
11.2.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci-
four wires each, one from each of the four original selected
men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm)
pieces; one group each for the manufacturer, the purchaser, and
in diameter.
the umpire, if necessary.
11.2.3 The wire shall be annealed in an inert atmosphere at
9.7 Embrittlement— In case of dispute concerning freedom
approximately 500°C (932°F) for 30 min and cooled to
from embrittlement, sampling shall be described in 9.6.
ambient temperature in the same inert atmosphere.
9.8 Variation in Weights or Dimensions—In case of dispute 11.3 Embrittlement (Bend):
concerning weights or dimensions, the representative of the 11.3.1 Each specimen shall originate as a single piece of
manufacturer and purchaser shall inspect all pieces where appropriate size cut from a selected bar, cake, or billet. The
physical defects or variations in weights are claimed. If such specimen shall be forged or hot rolled.
B 170
11.3.2 The external oxide shall be removed and the speci- 12.10.2 The specimen shall then be bent in the reverse
men cold drawn into a wire approximately 0.080 in. (2.03 mm) direction through 90° and returned to its original position, this
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.