ASTM D5947-18

Standard Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test methods shall be used where precise dimensions are necessary for the calculation of properties expressed in physical units. They are not intended to replace practical thickness measurements based on commercial portable tools, nor is it implied that thickness measurements made by the procedures will agree exactly.  
5.2 Examples of machinist’s micrometers, including pictures with descriptions of their components and pictures of the micrometers used can be located in Practice A1073/A1073M. However, make sure the micrometer, the calibration of it, and the use of it adheres to the requirements of this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the physical dimensions of solid plastic specimens where the dimensions are used directly in determining the results of tests for various properties. Use these test methods except as otherwise required in material specifications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This standard and ISO 16012 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2018
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.10 - Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D883-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM D883-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D883-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2020
• Refers: ASTM D883-19c - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM D790-17 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2017
• Refers: ASTM D790-15e1 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM D790-15 - Standard Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM D883-12e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM D883-11 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011
• Refers: ASTM D638-10 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-May-2010

Overview

ASTM D5947-18: Standard Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens provides standardized procedures for determining the physical dimensions-such as thickness, width, and length-of solid plastic specimens. Developed by ASTM International, this standard ensures that dimension measurements are sufficiently precise for use in calculating the physical properties of plastics, which is crucial for material testing, quality control, and product development. ASTM D5947-18 applies primarily to solid plastic sheets, plates, and molded shapes used in a wide range of applications, ensuring consistency and accuracy when evaluating these materials.

Key Topics

• Purpose and Significance:

  • Establishes methods to obtain accurate and reliable measurements of solid plastics specimens required for property calculations in testing scenarios.
  • Not intended to replace quicker, less precise measurements from commercial portable tools, but offers high precision for standardized testing environments.

• Measurement Methods:

  • Provides multiple test methods (A through D, and H), each utilizing different types of micrometers and thickness gauges suited to various material types and geometries.
  • Specifies conditions for using machinist’s micrometers, manually operated, and automatically operated thickness gauges.
  • Stresses the importance of regular calibration, verification, and cleaning of measurement instruments to ensure precision.

• Specimen Preparation and Conditioning:

  • Requires specimens to be prepared from plastics materials in sheet, plate, or molded form and conditioned based on relevant practices.
  • Highlights the need to protect specimens from contamination or damage that could affect measurement results.

• Reporting Requirements:

  • Outlines the necessary details for documenting test results, including identification of the material, method used, test conditions, number of specimens and measurements, and statistical representation of results.

Applications

• Research and Development:
  Essential for researchers developing new plastic materials or formulations, ensuring that measured properties reflect true material performance.

• Quality Assurance:
  Used by manufacturers and laboratories to verify dimensions of plastic products and materials, providing confidence in product integrity and compliance.

• Material Testing:
  Forms the basis for calculating mechanical properties like tensile strength, flexural properties, and thermal characteristics where precise dimensions are critical.

• Regulatory Compliance:
  Facilitates adherence to industry, national, and international standards, reducing risks during audits and certification processes.

• Comparative Analysis:
  Enables direct comparison of results between batches, suppliers, or different testing labs by ensuring each follows the same test methodology.

Related Standards

• ASTM A1073/A1073M – Practice for Using Hand Micrometers for measurement applications, including instrument calibration and maintenance.
• ASTM D618 – Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing, ensuring specimens are tested under consistent environmental conditions.
• ASTM D638 – Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics.
• ASTM D790 – Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Plastics.
• ASTM D2240 – Test Method for Durometer Hardness of Rubber and Plastics.
• ISO 16012 – Plastics - Determination of linear dimensions of test specimens, which covers similar subject matter but differs in technical details.
• ISO 472 – Plastics - Vocabulary, for terminology relevant to plastics and testing.

ASTM D5947-18 is an essential reference for anyone involved in material testing or quality control of plastic products and supports global harmonization by aligning with recognized international principles for standards development.

Keywords: ASTM D5947, solid plastics, physical dimensions, specimen measurement, micrometer, thickness gauge, plastics testing, quality assurance, laboratory standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5947 −18
Standard Test Methods for
Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5947; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
ness
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the physical
2.2 ISO Standards:
dimensions of solid plastic specimens where the dimensions
ISO 472 Plastics—Vocabulary
are used directly in determining the results of tests for various
ISO 16012 Plastics—Determination of Linear Dimensions
properties.Usethesetestmethodsexceptasotherwiserequired
of Test Specimens
in material specifications.
3. Terminology
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard.
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D883 and ISO 472 for
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the definitions pertinent to these test methods.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 absolute uncertainty (of a measurement), n—the
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
smallest division that may be read directly on the instrument
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
used for measurement.
NOTE1—ThisstandardandISO 16012addressthesamesubjectmatter,
3.2.2 calibration—the set of operations that establishes,
but differ in technical content.
under specified conditions, the relationship between values
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
measured or indicated by an instrument or system, and the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
corresponding reference standard or known values derived
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
from the appropriate reference standards.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.3 micrometer, n—an instrument for measuring any di-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
mension within absolute uncertainty of 25 µm or smaller.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.4 verification—proof, with the use of calibrated stan-
dards or standard reference materials, that the calibrated
2. Referenced Documents
instrument is operating within specified requirements.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.5 1 mil, n—a dimension equivalent to 25 µm (0.0010
A1073/A1073M Practice for Using Hand Micrometers to
in.).
Measure the Thickness of Uncoated Steel Sheet and
Nonmetallic and Metallic-Coated Steel Sheet
4. Summary of Test Methods
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
4.1 These test methods provide five different test methods
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
for the measurement of physical dimensions of solid plastic
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
specimens. The test methods (identified as Test Methods A
and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
through D, and H) use different micrometers that exert various
als
pressures for varying times upon specimens of different geom-
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
etries. Tables 1 and 2 display the basic differences of each test
method and identify methods applicable for use on various
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
plastics materials.
Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical
Properties.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally
5.1 These test methods shall be used where precise dimen-
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D5947 – 11. DOI:
10.1520/D5947-18.
sions are necessary for the calculation of properties expressed
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5947−18
TABLE 1 Test Methods Suitable for Specific Materials
6.3.1.1 Apresser foot that moves in an axis perpendicular to
Material Test Method the anvil face;
Plastics specimens A, B, C, or D
6.3.1.2 The surfaces of the presser foot and anvil (which
A
Other elastomers H
contact the specimen) parallel to within 2.5 µm (see 8.3);
A
Materials with D2240 TypeAhardness of 30 to 80 (approximately equivalent to a
6.3.1.3 Aspindle, vertically oriented if a dead-weight appa-
Type D hardness of 20).
ratus;
6.3.1.4 A dial or digital indicator essentially friction-free
and capable of repeatable readings within 61 µm at zero
in physical units. They are not intended to replace practical
setting, or on a steel gauge block;
thickness measurements based on commercial portable tools,
nor is it implied that thickness measurements made by the 6.3.1.5 A frame, housing the indicator, of such rigidity that
a load of 15 N applied to the indicator housing, out of contact
procedures will agree exactly.
with the presser foot spindle (or any weight attached thereto),
5.2 Examples of machinist’s micrometers, including pic-
will produce a deflection of the frame not greater than the
tures with descriptions of their components and pictures of the
smallest scale division or digital count on the indicator; and
micrometers used can be located in Practice A1073/A1073M.
6.3.1.6 A dial diameter at least 50 mm and graduated
However, make sure the micrometer, the calibration of it, and
continuously to read directly to the nearest 2.5 µm. If
the use of it adheres to the requirements of this standard.
necessary,equipthedialwitharevolutioncounterthatdisplays
6. Apparatus the number of complete revolutions of the large hand; or
6.3.1.7 An electronic instrument having a digital readout in
6.1 Apparatus A—Machinist’s Micrometer Caliper with
place of the dial indicator is permitted if that instrument meets
Calibrated Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
the other requirements of 6.3.
6.1.1 Apparatus A is a micrometer caliper equipped with
6.3.2 The preferred design and construction of this instru-
either a calibrated ratchet or a friction thimble. The pressure
ment calls for a limit on the force applied to the presser foot.
exerted on the specimen is controllable by the use of a proper
The limit is related to the compressive characteristics of the
manipulative procedure and a calibrated spring (see Annex
material being measured.
A1).
6.1.2 Useaninstrumentconstructedwithavernierordigital 6.3.2.1 The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the
readout capable of measurement to the nearest 2.5 µm. force necessary to register a change in the indicator reading
6.1.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil and shall be less than the force that will cause deformation of the
spindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) of 6.4 6 0.1 specimen. The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the
mm. forcenecessarytojustpreventachangeintheindicatorreading
6.1.4 Use an instrument conforming to the requirements of shallbemorethantheminimumpermissibleforcespecifiedfor
8.1, 8.2, 8.5, 8.6.1, and 8.6.2. a specimen.
6.1.5 Use the micrometer with the locking device released
6.4 Apparatus D—Automatically-Operated Thickness
or disengaged, if so equipped.
Gauge:
6.1.6 Test the micrometer periodically for conformance to
6.4.1 Except as additionally defined in this section, use an
the requirements of 6.1.4.
instrument that conforms to the requirements of 6.3.An
6.2 Apparatus B—Machinist’s Micrometer Without a
electronic instrument having a digital readout in place of the
Ratchet:
dial indicator is permitted if that instrument meets the other
6.2.1 Apparatus B is a micrometer caliper.
requirements of 6.3 and 6.4.
6.2.2 Useaninstrumentconstructedwithavernierordigital
6.4.2 Use a pneumatic or motor-operated instrument having
readout capable of measurement to the nearest 2.5 µm.
a presser foot spindle that is lifted and lowered either by a
6.2.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil and
pneumatic cylinder or by a constant-speed motor through a
spindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) of 6.4 6 0.1
mechanicallinkagesuchthattherateofdescent(foraspecified
mm.
range of distances between the presser foot surface and anvil)
6.2.4 Use an instrument conforming to the requirements of
and dwell time on the specimen are within the limits specified
8.1, 8.2, 8.5.1, 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6.1, and 8.6.3.
for the material being measured.
6.2.5 Use the micrometer with the locking device released
6.4.2.1 The preferred design and construction of this instru-
or disengaged, if so equipped.
ment calls for a limit on the force applied to the presser foot.
6.2.6 Examine and test the micrometer periodically for
The limit is related to the compressive characteristics of the
conformance to the requirements of 6.2.4.
material being measured.
6.3 Apparatus C—Manually Operated, Thickness Gauge:
6.4.2.2 The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the
6.3.1 Use a dead-weight or spring-loaded, dial-type gauge
force necessary to register a change in the indicator reading
or digital readout in accordance with the requirements of 8.1,
shall be less than the force that will cause deformation of the
8.3, 8.4, 8.6.1, and 8.6.4 having the following:
specimen. The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the
forcenecessarytojustpreventachangeintheindicatorreading
mustbemorethantheminimumpermissibleforcespecifiedfor
Hereinafter referred to as a machinist’s micrometer.
Herein referred to as a gauge. a specimen.
D5947−18
TABLE 2 Test Method Parameter Differences
A
Diameter of Presser Foot Pressure on Specimen,
Elastic Modulus Range
Test Method Apparatus
MPa or Spindle, mm Approximate, kPa
A1 A from >35 to <275 6.4 40 to 180
A2 A from >276 to <700 6.4 40 to 300
A3 A >701 6.4 40 to 900
BB 6.4 unknown
C C 6.4 to 12.7 5 to 900
D D 6.4 to 12.7 5 to 900
HC 6.4 30
A
Determined by Test Method D638 or Test Method D790.
7. Test Specimens 8.2.1.3 Move the screw-thread-pitch wire or plug gauge to a
differentpositionbetweenthepresserfootandanvil,andrepeat
7.1 The test specimens shall be prepared from plastics
8.2.1.1 and 8.2.1.2; and
materials in sheet, plate, or molded shapes that have been cut
8.2.1.4 If the difference between any pair of readings is
to the required dimensions or molded to the desired finished
greater than 2.5 µm, the surfaces are not parallel.
dimensions for the particular test.
8.3 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instrument
7.2 Prepare and condition each specimen to equilibrium in
manufacturer, confirm the requirements for parallelism of
accordance with Practice D618 unless otherwise specified by
dial-type micrometers given in 6.3.1.2 by placing a hardened
the relevant ASTM material specification.
steel ball (such as that used in a ball bearing) of suitable
7.3 For each specimen, take precautions to prevent damage
diameter between the presser foot and anvil. Mount the ball in
orcontaminationthatmightaffectthemeasurementsadversely.
afork-shapedholdertoallowittobemovedconvenientlyfrom
7.4 Unless otherwise specified, make all dimension mea-
one location to another between the presser foot and anvil.The
surements at the standard laboratory atmosphere in accordance
balls used commercially in ball bearings are almost perfect
with Practice D618.
spheres having diameters constant within 0.2 µm.
NOTE 3—Exercise care with this procedure. Calculations using the
8. Calibration (General Considerations for Care and Use
equations given in X1.3.2 show that the use of a 680 g mass weight on a
of Each of the Various Pieces of Apparatus for
ball between the hardened surfaces of the presser foot and anvil can result
Dimensional Measurements)
in dimples in the anvil or presser foot surfaces caused by exceeding the
yield stress of the surfaces.
8.1 Good testing practices require clean anvil and presser
foot surfaces for any micrometer instrument. Prior to calibra-
8.3.1 Observe and record the diameter as measured by the
tion or dimensional measurements, clean such surfaces by
micrometer at one location.
insertingapieceofsmooth,cleanbondpaperbetweentheanvil
8.3.2 Move the ball to another location and repeat the
and presser foot and slowly moving the bond paper between
measurement.
thesurfaces.Checkthezerosettingfrequentlyduringmeasure-
8.3.3 If the difference between any pair of readings is
ments.Failuretorepeatthezerosettingmaybeevidenceofdirt
greater than 2.5 µm, the surfaces are not parallel.
on the surfaces.
8.4 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instrument
NOTE 2—Avoid pulling any edge of the bond paper between the
manufacturer, confirm the flatness of the anvil and the spindle
surfaces to reduce the probability of depositing any lint particles on the
surface of a micrometer or dial gauge by the use of an optical
surfaces.
flat that has clean surfaces. Surfaces shall be flat within 1 µm.
8.2 The parallelism requirements for machinists’ microm-
8.4.1 Aftercleaningthemicrometersurfaces(see8.1),place
eters demand that observed differences of readings on a pair of
the optical flat on the anvil and close the presser foot as
screw-thread-pitch wires or a pair of standard 6.4-mm nominal
described in 8.6.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.4,or 8.6.5, as appropriate.
diameter plug gauges be not greater than 2.5 µm. Spring-wire
8.4.2 When illuminated by diffused daylight, interference
stockormusic-wireofknowndiameteraresuitablesubstitutes.
bands are formed between the surfaces of the flat and those of
The wire (or the plug gauge) has a diameter dimension that is
the micrometer. The shape, location, and number of these
known to be within 61 µm. Diameter dimensions may vary by
bands indicate the deviation from flatness in increments of half
an amount approximately equal to the axial movement of the
the average wavelengths of white light, which is taken as 0.25
spindle when the wire (or the plug gauge) is rotated through
µm.
180°.
8.4.2.1 Aflat surface forms straight parallel fringes at equal
8.2.1 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instru-
intervals.
ment manufacturer, confirm the parallelism requirements of
8.4.2.2 A grooved surface forms straight parallel fringes at
machinist’s micrometers using the following procedure:
unequal intervals.
8.2.1.1 Closethemicrometeronthescrew-thread-pitchwire
orpluggaugeaccordingtothecalibrationprocedureof8.6.2or 8.4.2.3 A symmetrical concave or convex surface forms
8.6.3, as appropriate; concentric circular fringes. Their number is a measure of the
8.2.1.2 Observe and record the thickness indicated; deviation from flatness.
D5947−18
8.4.2.4 An unsymmetrical concave or convex surface forms procedures in 8.1 to 8.6 at least once per year in accordance
a series of curved fringes that cut the periphery of the with the manufacturers’ recommendations. Periodic verifica-
micrometer surface. The number of fringes cut by a straight tions with the gauge blocks shall be conducted to assure
line connecting the terminals of any fringes is a measure of the calibration has been maintained.
deviation from flatness.
8.6.2 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus A, Machinist’s
Micrometer with Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
8.5 Machinist’s Micrometer Requirements:
8.6.2.1 Calibrate the ratchet spring or friction thimble in
8.5.1 The requirements for a zero reading of machinist’s
accordance with Annex A1.
micrometers are met when ten closings of the spindle onto the
8.6.2.2 Rotate the spindle so as to close the micrometer on
anvil, in accordance with 8.6.2.3 or 8.6.3.3, as appropriate,
the gauge block or other calibrating device. Reverse the
result in ten zero readings. The condition of zero reading is
rotation so as to open the micrometer 100 to 150 µm.
satisfied when examinations with a low-power magnifying
glass show that at least 66 % of the width of the zero 8.6.2.3 Using the ratchet knob or friction thimble, close the
graduation mark on the barrel coincides with at least 66 % of micrometer again slowly on the calibrating device so that the
the width of the reference mark. scale divisions may be counted easily as they move past the
8.5.2 Proper maintenance of a machinist’s micrometer may reference mark. This rate approximates about 50 µm/s.
require adjusting the instrument for wear of the micrometer
8.6.2.4 Continue the closing motion until the ratchet clicks
screw so that the spindle has no perceptible lateral or longitu-
three times or the friction thimble slips.
dinal looseness, yet rotates with a torque load of less than
8.6.2.5 Observe and record the dimension reading.
1.8E-3 Nm. Replace the instrument if this is not achievable
8.6.2.6 Repeat the procedures described in 8.6.2.2 – 8.6.2.5
after disassembly, cleaning, and lubrication.
using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of
8.5.3 After the zero reading has been checked, use the
different dimensions covering the range of measurement with
calibration procedure of 8.6.2 and 8.6.3 (as appropriate, for the
this micrometer.
machinist’s micrometer under examination) to check for the
8.6.2.7 Construct a calibration correction curve that will
maximum acceptable error in the machinist’s micrometer
provide the corrections for application to the observed dimen-
screw.
sion of specimens tested, using this calibrated micrometer.
8.5.3.1 Use selected feeler-gauge blades with known thick-
8.6.3 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus B, Machinist’s
ness to within 60.5 µm to check micrometers calibrated in
Micrometer Without Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
metric units at approximately 50, 100, and 200-µm points. Use
8.6.3.1 Rotate the spindle so as to close the micrometer on
standard gauge blocks at points greater than 200 µm.
the gauge block or other calibrating device. Reverse the
8.5.3.2 Take ten readings at each point checked. Calculate
rotation so as to open the micrometer 100 to 150 µm.
the arithmetic mean of these ten readings.
8.6.3.2 Close the micrometer again so slowly on the cali-
8.5.3.3 The machinist’s micrometer screw error is within
brating device that the scale divisions may be counted easily as
requirements if the difference between the mean value of
they move past the reference mark. This rate approximates
8.5.3.2andthegaugeblock(orfeeler-gaugeblade)thicknessis
about 50 µm/s.
not more than 2.5 µm.
8.6.3.3 Continue the closing motion until the spindle face
8.5.4 Calibration of Spindle Pressure in Machinist’s Mi-
contacts the surface of the gauge block (or other calibrating
crometer with Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
device). Contact is made when frictional resistance develops
8.5.4.1 See Annex A1, which details the apparatus and
initially to the movement of the calibrating device between the
procedure required for this calibration. The spindle pressure
anvil and spindle face.
shall be calibrated to a value within one of theA-ranges listed
8.6.3.4 Observe and record the dimension reading.
inTable2.Theserangesarebasedontheelasticmodulusofthe
material determined by Test Method D638 or Test Method 8.6.3.5 Repeat the procedures described in 8.6.3.1 – 8.6.3.4
using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of
D790. The spindle pressure shall be calibrated to value within
the range for the lowest elastic modulus material that may be different dimensions covering the range of measurement with
this micrometer.
tested.
8.6.3.6 Construct a calibration correction curve that will
8.6 Calibration of Micrometers:
provide the corrections for application to the observed dimen-
8.6.1 Calibrate all micrometers in a standard laboratory
sions of specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
atmosphere maintained at 50 % relative humidity and 23°C or
8.6.4 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus C, Manually
some other standard condition as mutually agreed upon be-
Operated, Thickness Gauge:
tween the seller and the purchaser. Use standard gauge blocks
8.6.4.1 Using the procedures detailed in Section 9 pertinent
or other metallic objects of known dimension. The known
to the material to be measured, collect calibration data from
dimensional accuracy of such blocks shall be within 610 % of
observations using several gauge blocks (or other calibration
the smallest scale division of the micrometer dial or scale.
devices) of different dimensions covering the range of mea-
Thus, if an instrument’s smallest scale division is 2 µm, the
surement with this micrometer.
standardgaugeblockdimensionshallbeknowntowithin 60.2
µm. Perform calibration procedures only after the instrument 8.6.4.2 Construct a calibration correction curve that will
has been checked and found to meet the requirements of the provide the corrections for application to the observed dimen-
pertinent preceding paragraphs of these test methods. Perform sions of specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
D5947−18
8.6.5 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus D, 100 µm beyond the expected reading, and move the specimen
Automatically-Operated Thickness Gauge: to the measurement position. For specimens with a draft angle
8.6.5.1 Using the procedures detailed in Section 9 pertinent oneachsideofthespecimen,takethemeasurementofwidthat
to the material to be measured, collect calibration data from the edge of the non-cavity surface (the wider of the two
observations using several gauge blocks (or other calibration surfaces). Position the center of the micrometer’s anvil and
devices) of different dimensions covering the range of mea- presser foot on this edge. For measurement of specimen
surement with this micrometer. thickness position the micrometer’s anvil and pressure foot at
8.6.5.2 Construct a calibration correction curve that will the center of the specimen width.
provide the corrections for application to the observed dimen-
9.2.5.2 Using the ratchet, or the friction thimble, close the
sions of specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
micrometer at such a rate that the scale divisions may be
counted easily as they pass the reference mark. This rate is
9. Procedure
approximately 50 µm/s.
NOTE 4—In this section, the word “method” denotes a combination of
9.2.5.3 Continue the closing motion until the ratchet clicks
both a specific apparatus and a procedure describing its use.
three times or the friction thimble slips. Observe the indicated
9.1 The selection of a method for measurement of dimen-
dimension.
sion is influenced by the characteristics of the solid plastic for
9.2.5.4 Correct the observed indicated dimension using the
measurement. Each material will differ in its response to test
calibration chart obtained in accordance with 8.6, and record
method parameters, which include, but may not be limited to,
the corrected dimension value.
compressibility, rate of loading, ultimate load, dwell time, and
9.2.5.5 Move the specimen to another measurement
dimensions of the presser foot and anvil. For a specific plastic
position, and repeat the steps given in 9.2.5.1 – 9.2.5.4.
material, these responses may cause measurements made using
9.2.5.6 Unless otherwise specified, make and record at least
one method to differ significantly from measurements made
three dimension measurements on each specimen. The arith-
using another method. The procedures that follow are catego-
metic mean of all dimension values is the dimension of the
rizedaccordingtothematerialstowhicheachapplies.Seealso
specimen.
Appendix X1.
9.2.6 Test Method B:
9.2 Test Methods App
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5947 − 11 D5947 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Physical Dimensions of Solid Plastics Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5947; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the physical dimensions of solid plastic specimens where the dimensions are used
directly in determining the results of tests for various properties. Use these test methods except as otherwise required in material
specifications.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 16012 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A1073/A1073M Practice for Using Hand Micrometers to Measure the Thickness of Uncoated Steel Sheet and Nonmetallic and
Metallic-Coated Steel Sheet
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 472 Plastics—Vocabulary
ISO 16012 Plastics—Determination of Linear Dimensions of Test Specimens
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—See Terminology D883 and ISO 472 for definitions pertinent to these test methods.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 absolute uncertainty (of a measurement), n—the smallest division that may be read directly on the instrument used for
measurement.
3.2.2 calibration—the set of operations that establishes, under specified conditions, the relationship between values measured
or indicated by an instrument or system, and the corresponding reference standard or known values derived from the appropriate
reference standards.
3.2.3 micrometer, n—an instrument for measuring any dimension within absolute uncertainty of 25 μm or smaller.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2011Aug. 1, 2018. Published January 2012August 2018. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D5947 – 06.D5947 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D5947-11.10.1520/D5947-18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5947 − 18
3.2.4 verification—proof, with the use of calibrated standards or standard reference materials, that the calibrated instrument is
operating within specified requirements.
3.2.5 1 mil, n—a dimension equivalent to 25 μm (0.0010 in.).
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 These test methods provide five different test methods for the measurement of physical dimensions of solid plastic
specimens. The test methods (identified as Test Methods A through D, and H) use different micrometers that exert various pressures
for varying times upon specimens of different geometries. Tables 1 and 2 display the basic differences of each test method and
identify methods applicable for use on various plastics materials.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 These test methods shall be used where precise dimensions are necessary for the calculation of properties expressed in
physical units. They are not intended to replace practical thickness measurements based on commercial portable tools, nor is it
implied that thickness measurements made by the procedures will agree exactly.
5.2 Examples of machinist’s micrometers, including pictures with descriptions of their components and pictures of the
micrometers used can be located in Practice A1073/A1073M. However, make sure the micrometer, the calibration of it, and the
use of it adheres to the requirements of this standard.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Apparatus A—Machinist’s Micrometer Caliper with Calibrated Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
6.1.1 Apparatus A is a micrometer caliper equipped with either a calibrated ratchet or a friction thimble. The pressure exerted
on the specimen is controllable by the use of a proper manipulative procedure and a calibrated spring (see Annex A1).
6.1.2 Use an instrument constructed with a vernier or digital readout capable of measurement to the nearest 2.5 μm.
6.1.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil and spindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) of 6.4 6 0.1 mm.
6.1.4 Use an instrument conforming to the requirements of 8.1, 8.2, 8.5, 8.6.1, and 8.6.2.
6.1.5 Use the micrometer with the locking device released or disengaged, if so equipped.
6.1.6 Test the micrometer periodically for conformance to the requirements of 6.1.4.
6.2 Apparatus B—Machinist’s Micrometer Without a Ratchet:
6.2.1 Apparatus B is a micrometer caliper.
6.2.2 Use an instrument constructed with a vernier or digital readout capable of measurement to the nearest 2.5 μm.
6.2.3 Use an instrument with the diameter of the anvil and spindle surfaces (which contact the specimen) of 6.4 6 0.1 mm.
6.2.4 Use an instrument conforming to the requirements of 8.1, 8.2, 8.5.1, 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6.1, and 8.6.3.
6.2.5 Use the micrometer with the locking device released or disengaged, if so equipped.
6.2.6 Examine and test the micrometer periodically for conformance to the requirements of 6.2.4.
6.3 Apparatus C—Manually Operated, Thickness Gauge:
6.3.1 Use a dead-weight or spring-loaded, dial-type gauge or digital readout in accordance with the requirements of 8.1, 8.3,
8.4, 8.6.1, and 8.6.4 having the following:
6.3.1.1 A presser foot that moves in an axis perpendicular to the anvil face;
6.3.1.2 The surfaces of the presser foot and anvil (which contact the specimen) parallel to within 2.5 μm (see 8.3);
6.3.1.3 A spindle, vertically oriented if a dead-weight apparatus;
6.3.1.4 A dial or digital indicator essentially friction-free and capable of repeatable readings within 61 μm at zero setting, or
on a steel gauge block;
6.3.1.5 A frame, housing the indicator, of such rigidity that a load of 15 N applied to the indicator housing, out of contact with
the presser foot spindle (or any weight attached thereto), will produce a deflection of the frame not greater than the smallest scale
division or digital count on the indicator; and
6.3.1.6 A dial diameter at least 50 mm and graduated continuously to read directly to the nearest 2.5 μm. If necessary, equip
the dial with a revolution counter that displays the number of complete revolutions of the large hand; or
TABLE 1 Test Methods Suitable for Specific Materials
Material Test Method
Plastics specimens A, B, C, or D
A
Other elastomers H
A
Materials with D2240 Type A hardness of 30 to 80 (approximately equivalent to a
Type D hardness of 20).
Hereinafter referred to as a machinist’s micrometer.
Herein referred to as a gauge.
D5947 − 18
TABLE 2 Test Method Parameter Differences
A
Diameter of Presser Foot Pressure on Specimen,
Elastic Modulus Range
Test Method Apparatus
MPa or Spindle, mm Approximate, kPa
A1 A from >35 to <275 6.4 40 to 180
A2 A from >276 to <700 6.4 40 to 300
A3 A >701 6.4 40 to 900
B B 6.4 unknown
C C 6.4 to 12.7 5 to 900
D D 6.4 to 12.7 5 to 900
H C 6.4 30
A
Determined by Test Method D638 or Test Method D790.
6.3.1.7 An electronic instrument having a digital readout in place of the dial indicator is permitted if that instrument meets the
other requirements of 6.3.
6.3.2 The preferred design and construction of this instrument calls for a limit on the force applied to the presser foot. The limit
is related to the compressive characteristics of the material being measured.
6.3.2.1 The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the force necessary to register a change in the indicator reading shall
be less than the force that will cause deformation of the specimen. The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the force
necessary to just prevent a change in the indicator reading shall be more than the minimum permissible force specified for a
specimen.
6.4 Apparatus D—Automatically-Operated Thickness Gauge:
6.4.1 Except as additionally defined in this section, use an instrument that conforms to the requirements of 6.3. An electronic
instrument having a digital readout in place of the dial indicator is permitted if that instrument meets the other requirements of
6.3 and 6.4.
6.4.2 Use a pneumatic or motor-operated instrument having a presser foot spindle that is lifted and lowered either by a
pneumatic cylinder or by a constant-speed motor through a mechanical linkage such that the rate of descent (for a specified range
of distances between the presser foot surface and anvil) and dwell time on the specimen are within the limits specified for the
material being measured.
6.4.2.1 The preferred design and construction of this instrument calls for a limit on the force applied to the presser foot. The
limit is related to the compressive characteristics of the material being measured.
6.4.2.2 The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the force necessary to register a change in the indicator reading shall
be less than the force that will cause deformation of the specimen. The force applied to the presser foot spindle and the force
necessary to just prevent a change in the indicator reading must be more than the minimum permissible force specified for a
specimen.
7. Test Specimens
7.1 The test specimens shall be prepared from plastics materials in sheet, plate, or molded shapes that have been cut to the
required dimensions or molded to the desired finished dimensions for the particular test.
7.2 Prepare and condition each specimen to equilibrium in accordance with Practice D618 unless otherwise specified by the
relevant ASTM material specification.
7.3 For each specimen, take precautions to prevent damage or contamination that might affect the measurements adversely.
7.4 Unless otherwise specified, make all dimension measurements at the standard laboratory atmosphere in accordance with
Practice D618.
8. Calibration (General Considerations for Care and Use of Each of the Various Pieces of Apparatus for Dimensional
Measurements)
8.1 Good testing practices require clean anvil and presser foot surfaces for any micrometer instrument. Prior to calibration or
dimensional measurements, clean such surfaces by inserting a piece of smooth, clean bond paper between the anvil and presser
foot and slowly moving the bond paper between the surfaces. Check the zero setting frequently during measurements. Failure to
repeat the zero setting may be evidence of dirt on the surfaces.
NOTE 2—Avoid pulling any edge of the bond paper between the surfaces to reduce the probability of depositing any lint particles on the surfaces.
8.2 The parallelism requirements for machinists’ micrometers demand that observed differences of readings on a pair of
screw-thread-pitch wires or a pair of standard 6.4-mm nominal diameter plug gauges be not greater than 2.5 μm. Spring-wire stock
or music-wire of known diameter are suitable substitutes. The wire (or the plug gauge) has a diameter dimension that is known
to be within 61 μm. Diameter dimensions may vary by an amount approximately equal to the axial movement of the spindle when
the wire (or the plug gauge) is rotated through 180°.
D5947 − 18
8.2.1 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instrument manufacturer, confirm the parallelism requirements of
machinist’s micrometers using the following procedure:
8.2.1.1 Close the micrometer on the screw-thread-pitch wire or plug gauge according to the calibration procedure of 8.6.2 or
8.6.3, as appropriate;
8.2.1.2 Observe and record the thickness indicated;
8.2.1.3 Move the screw-thread-pitch wire or plug gauge to a different position between the presser foot and anvil, and repeat
8.2.1.1 and 8.2.1.2; and
8.2.1.4 If the difference between any pair of readings is greater than 2.5 μm, the surfaces are not parallel.
8.3 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instrument manufacturer, confirm the requirements for parallelism of dial-type
micrometers given in 6.3.1.2 by placing a hardened steel ball (such as that used in a ball bearing) of suitable diameter between
the presser foot and anvil. Mount the ball in a fork-shaped holder to allow it to be moved conveniently from one location to another
between the presser foot and anvil. The balls used commercially in ball bearings are almost perfect spheres having diameters
constant within 0.2 μm.
NOTE 3—Exercise care with this procedure. Calculations using the equations given in X1.3.2 show that the use of a 680 g mass weight on a ball between
the hardened surfaces of the presser foot and anvil can result in dimples in the anvil or presser foot surfaces caused by exceeding the yield stress of the
surfaces.
8.3.1 Observe and record the diameter as measured by the micrometer at one location.
8.3.2 Move the ball to another location and repeat the measurement.
8.3.3 If the difference between any pair of readings is greater than 2.5 μm, the surfaces are not parallel.
8.4 Lacking a detailed procedure supplied by the instrument manufacturer, confirm the flatness of the anvil and the spindle
surface of a micrometer or dial gauge by the use of an optical flat that has clean surfaces. Surfaces shall be flat within 1 μm.
8.4.1 After cleaning the micrometer surfaces (see 8.1), place the optical flat on the anvil and close the presser foot as described
in 8.6.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.4, or 8.6.5, as appropriate.
8.4.2 When illuminated by diffused daylight, interference bands are formed between the surfaces of the flat and those of the
micrometer. The shape, location, and number of these bands indicate the deviation from flatness in increments of half the average
wavelengths of white light, which is taken as 0.25 μm.
8.4.2.1 A flat surface forms straight parallel fringes at equal intervals.
8.4.2.2 A grooved surface forms straight parallel fringes at unequal intervals.
8.4.2.3 A symmetrical concave or convex surface forms concentric circular fringes. Their number is a measure of the deviation
from flatness.
8.4.2.4 An unsymmetrical concave or convex surface forms a series of curved fringes that cut the periphery of the micrometer
surface. The number of fringes cut by a straight line connecting the terminals of any fringes is a measure of the deviation from
flatness.
8.5 Machinist’s Micrometer Requirements:
8.5.1 The requirements for a zero reading of machinist’s micrometers are met when ten closings of the spindle onto the anvil,
in accordance with 8.6.2.3 or 8.6.3.3, as appropriate, result in ten zero readings. The condition of zero reading is satisfied when
examinations with a low-power magnifying glass show that at least 66 % of the width of the zero graduation mark on the barrel
coincides with at least 66 % of the width of the reference mark.
8.5.2 Proper maintenance of a machinist’s micrometer may require adjusting the instrument for wear of the micrometer screw
so that the spindle has no perceptible lateral or longitudinal looseness, yet rotates with a torque load of less than 1.8E-3 Nm.
Replace the instrument if this is not achievable after disassembly, cleaning, and lubrication.
8.5.3 After the zero reading has been checked, use the calibration procedure of 8.6.2 and 8.6.3 (as appropriate, for the
machinist’s micrometer under examination) to check for the maximum acceptable error in the machinist’s micrometer screw.
8.5.3.1 Use selected feeler-gauge blades with known thickness to within 60.5 μm to check micrometers calibrated in metric
units at approximately 50, 100, and 200-μm points. Use standard gauge blocks at points greater than 200 μm.
8.5.3.2 Take ten readings at each point checked. Calculate the arithmetic mean of these ten readings.
8.5.3.3 The machinist’s micrometer screw error is within requirements if the difference between the mean value of 8.5.3.2 and
the gauge block (or feeler-gauge blade) thickness is not more than 2.5 μm.
8.5.4 Calibration of Spindle Pressure in Machinist’s Micrometer with Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
8.5.4.1 See Annex A1, which details the apparatus and procedure required for this calibration. The spindle pressure shall be
calibrated to a value within one of the A-ranges listed in Table 2. These ranges are based on the elastic modulus of the material
determined by Test Method D638 or Test Method D790. The spindle pressure shall be calibrated to value within the range for the
lowest elastic modulus material that may be tested.
8.6 Calibration of Micrometers:
8.6.1 Calibrate all micrometers in a standard laboratory atmosphere maintained at 50 % relative humidity and 23°C or some
other standard condition as mutually agreed upon between the seller and the purchaser. Use standard gauge blocks or other metallic
objects of known dimension. The known dimensional accuracy of such blocks shall be within 610 % of the smallest scale division
D5947 − 18
of the micrometer dial or scale. Thus, if an instrument’s smallest scale division is 2 μm, the standard gauge block dimension shall
be known to within 60.2 μm. Perform calibration procedures only after the instrument has been checked and found to meet the
requirements of the pertinent preceding paragraphs of these test methods. Perform procedures in 8.1 to 8.6 at least once per year
in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations. Periodic verifications with the gauge blocks shall be conducted to assure
calibration has been maintained.
8.6.2 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus A, Machinist’s Micrometer with Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
8.6.2.1 Calibrate the ratchet spring or friction thimble in accordance with Annex A1.
8.6.2.2 Rotate the spindle so as to close the micrometer on the gauge block or other calibrating device. Reverse the rotation so
as to open the micrometer 100 to 150 μm.
8.6.2.3 Using the ratchet knob or friction thimble, close the micrometer again slowly on the calibrating device so that the scale
divisions may be counted easily as they move past the reference mark. This rate approximates about 50 μm/s.
8.6.2.4 Continue the closing motion until the ratchet clicks three times or the friction thimble slips.
8.6.2.5 Observe and record the dimension reading.
8.6.2.6 Repeat the procedures described in 8.6.2.2 – 8.6.2.5 using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of different
dimensions covering the range of measurement with this micrometer.
8.6.2.7 Construct a calibration correction curve that will provide the corrections for application to the observed dimension of
specimens tested, using this calibrated micrometer.
8.6.3 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus B, Machinist’s Micrometer Without Ratchet or Friction Thimble:
8.6.3.1 Rotate the spindle so as to close the micrometer on the gauge block or other calibrating device. Reverse the rotation so
as to open the micrometer 100 to 150 μm.
8.6.3.2 Close the micrometer again so slowly on the calibrating device that the scale divisions may be counted easily as they
move past the reference mark. This rate approximates about 50 μm/s.
8.6.3.3 Continue the closing motion until the spindle face contacts the surface of the gauge block (or other calibrating device).
Contact is made when frictional resistance develops initially to the movement of the calibrating device between the anvil and
spindle face.
8.6.3.4 Observe and record the dimension reading.
8.6.3.5 Repeat the procedures described in 8.6.3.1 – 8.6.3.4 using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of different
dimensions covering the range of measurement with this micrometer.
8.6.3.6 Construct a calibration correction curve that will provide the corrections for application to the observed dimensions of
specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
8.6.4 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus C, Manually Operated, Thickness Gauge:
8.6.4.1 Using the procedures detailed in Section 9 pertinent to the material to be measured, collect calibration data from
observations using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of different dimensions covering the range of measurement
with this micrometer.
8.6.4.2 Construct a calibration correction curve that will provide the corrections for application to the observed dimensions of
specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
8.6.5 Calibration Procedure for Apparatus D, Automatically-Operated Thickness Gauge:
8.6.5.1 Using the procedures detailed in Section 9 pertinent to the material to be measured, collect calibration data from
observations using several gauge blocks (or other calibration devices) of different dimensions covering the range of measurement
with this micrometer.
8.6.5.2 Construct a calibration correction curve that will provide the corrections for application to the observed dimensions of
specimens tested using this calibrated micrometer.
9. Procedure
NOTE 4—In this section, the word “method” denotes a combination of both a specific apparatus and a procedure describing its use.
9.1 The selection of a method for measurement of dimension is influenced by the characteristics of the solid plastic for
measurement. Each material will differ in its response to test method parameters, which include, but may not be limited to,
compressibility, rate of loading, ultimate load, dwell time, and dimensions of the presser foot and anvil. For a specific plastic
material, these responses may cause measurements made using one method to differ significantly from measurements made using
another method. The procedures that follow are categorized according to the materials to which each applies. See also Appendix
X1.
9.2 Test Methods Applicable to Solid Plastic Specimens:
9.2.1 Except as otherwise specified in other applicable documents, use either Test Methods A, B, C, or D for plastic specimens.
9.2.2 When testing specimens by Test Methods A, B, C, or D, use apparatus that conforms to the requirements of the appropriate
parts of Section 6 and Table 2, including the requirement for accuracy of zero setting. Warning— Cleaning the presser foot and
anvil surfaces as described in 8.1 can cause damage to digital electronic gauges, which may then require very expensive repairs
by the instrument manufacturer. Obtain procedures for cleaning such electronic gauges from the instrument manufacturer to
prevent these costs.
D5947 − 18
NOTE 5—An electronic indicator may be substituted for the dial gauge or vernier if the presser foot and anvil meet the requirements of that test method.
9.2.3 When testing specimens using Test Method D, use an instrument that has a drop rate between 750 and 1500 μm/s between
625 and 25 μm on the dial and a capacity of at least 775 μm.
9.2.4 The presence of contaminating substances on the surfaces of the test specimens, presser foot, anvil, or spindle can interfere
with dimension measurements and result in erroneous readings. To help prevent this interference, select only clean
...