ASTM D5182-97e1

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Capacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method, the Forschungstelle fr Zhnrder und Getriebebau (Research Site for Gears and Transmissions) Visual Method, commonly referred to as the FZG Visual Method, is intended to measure the scuffing load capacity of oils used to lubricate hardened steel gears. Scoring, a form of abrasive wear, is also included as a failure criteria in this test method. It is primarily used to assess the resistance to scuffing of mild additive treated oils such as industrial gear oils, transmission fluids, and hydraulic fluids. High EP type oils, for example, those oils meeting the requirements of API GL-4 and GL-5, generally exceed the capacity of the test rig and, therefore, cannot be differentiated with this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety information, see Section 7, Section 8, 9.2, and 9.3.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-1997
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.L0.11 - Tribological Properties of Industrial Fluids and Lubricates

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5182-97(2002)e1 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Capacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 5182 – 97 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Scuffing Load Capacity of Oils (FZG Visual
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5182; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Annex A3 was added editorially in June 1998.
1. Scope placement, or both, of material from a surface by the action of
abrasive particles or protuberances sliding across the surfaces.
1.1 This test method, the Forschungstelle für Záhnräder und
3.1.2 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard
Getriebebau (Research Site for Gears and Transmissions)
protuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface.
Visual Method, commonly referred to as the FZG Visual
3.1.3 adhesive wear (scuffıng)—wear due to localized bond-
Method, is intended to measure the scuffing load capacity of
ing between contacting solid surfaces leading to material
oils used to lubricate hardened steel gears. Scoring, a form of
transfer between the two surfaces or loss from either surface.
abrasive wear, is also included as a failure criteria in this test
3.1.4 scoring—a severe form of wear characterized by the
method. It is primarily used to assess the resistance to scuffing
formation of extensive grooves and scratches in the direction of
of mild additive treated oils such as industrial gear oils,
sliding.
transmission fluids, and hydraulic fluids. High EP type oils, for
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
example, those oils meeting the requirements of API GL-4 and
3.2.1 polishing—a mild form of abrasive wear resulting in
GL-5, generally exceed the capacity of the test rig and,
minor loss of material and typically characterized by a smooth
therefore, cannot be differentiated with this test method.
finish and removal of all or part of the initial grinding marks.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 An FZG Gear Test Machine is operated at constant
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
speed (1450 rpm) for a fixed period (21700 revolutions—
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
approximately 15 min) at successively increasing loads until
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the failure criteria is reached; the initial oil temperature is 90°C
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
beginning at load stage four (see Table 1). The test gears are
2. Referenced Documents examined initially and after the prescribed duration at each
load stage for cumulative damage (scuffing) to the gear tooth
2.1 ASTM Standards:
flanks.
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
2
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
5. Significance and Use
3
G 40 Terminology Relating to Erosion and Wear
4 5.1 The transmission of power in many automotive and
2.2 DIN Standard:
industrial applications is accomplished through the use of
DIN 51 354 Teil 1: FZG Zahnrad Verspannungs Prüf
geared systems. At higher operating speeds it is well known
maschine—Allgemeine Arbeitsgrundlagen
that the lubricant/additive system can be a significant factor in
3. Terminology preventing scuffing (adhesive wear) damage to gears. This test
method is used to screen the scuffing load capacity of oils used
3.1 Definitions:
to lubricate spur and helical (parallel axis) gear units.
3.1.1 scratches—the result of mechanical removal or dis-
5.2 The test method is limited by the capabilities of the
equipment (test rig and gears), and the performance observed
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on may not directly relate to scuffing performance observed with
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
spiral bevel on hypoid gearing. It is also limited to discrimi-
D02.L0.11 on Tribological Properties of Industrial Fluid Lubricants.
nating between oils with mild EP additives or less. Lubricants
Current edition approved Apr. 10, 1997. Published October 1997. Originally
containing higher levels of additives, that is, those meeting the
published as D 5182 – 91. Last previous edition D 5182 – 91.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
requirements of API GL4 or GL5, generally exceed the
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
maximum l
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