ASTM F2168-02
(Specification)Standard Specification for Packing Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or Textured Tape, and Die-Formed Ring
Standard Specification for Packing Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or Textured Tape, and Die-Formed Ring
SCOPE
1.1 Scope—This specification covers various types, classes, and grades of flexible graphite material in which valve media temperatures are limited to a maximum of 1050°F (966°C). Where this specification is invoked as ASTM F 2168, Sections apply. Where this specification is invoked as ASTM/DOD F 2168, Sections and the Supplementary Requirements are applicable.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
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An American National Standard
Designation: F 2168 – 02
Standard Specification for
Packing Material, Graphitic, Corrugated Ribbon or Textured
Tape, and Die-Formed Ring
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2168; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
D 4239 Test Methods for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of
1.1 Scope—This specification covers various types, classes,
Coal and Coke Using High Temperature Tube Furnace
and grades of flexible graphite material in which valve media
Combustion Methods
temperatures are limited to a maximum of 1050°F (966°C).
Where this specification is invoked asASTM F 2168, Sections
3. Terminology
1-18 apply. Where this specification is invoked asASTM/DoD
3.1 Definitions:
F 2168, Sections 1-18 and the Supplementary Requirements
3.1.1 accordion crease, n—because of the method of con-
are applicable.
struction of die-formed rings, an accordion-like linear indica-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
tion (crease) may appear singularly or in multiple locations
standard.
around the inside and outside diameter surface.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.2 corrosion inhibitors, n—additives to the products to
function in a passive or sacrificial manner to reduce galvanic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
corrosion. These additives are typically embedded zinc pow-
C 559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measure-
der, phosphorus, or barium molybdate.
ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Articles
3.1.3 corrugated ribbon, n—graphite ribbon or tape that is
C 561 Test Method for Ash in a Graphite Sample
subjected to mechanical pressure in a consistent manner to
C 816 Test Method for Sulfur in Graphite by Combustion-
apply surface indentations to the tape or ribbon.
Iodometric Titration Method
3.1.4 density, n—the mass per unit volume at a specified
C 889 Test Methods for Chemical and Mass Spectrographic
temperature.
Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd O )
2 3
3.1.5 detrimental materials, n—abrasive or chemically ac-
Powder
tiveconstituentssuchasashparticles(inhighashcontentfoils)
D 129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
or elemental materials that can cause galvanic action or
eral Bomb Method)
5 corrosion in long-term storage or service environments.
D 512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water
3.1.6 die-formed ring, n—a packing ring made by mechani-
D 1179 Test Methods for Fluoride Ion in Water
5 cally compacting winds of graphite ribbon or braided packing
D 1246 Test Method for Bromide Ion in Water
in a die or fixture.
D 3178 Test Methods for Carbon and Hydrogen in the
6 3.1.7 lot, n—all finished packing of one size, type, class,
Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
and grade produced in a continuous run or at the same time
D 3684 Test Method for Total Mercury in Coal by the
6 under essentially the same conditions.
Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Atomic Absorption Method
3.1.8 set, n—the packing components required to pack one
D 3761 Test Method for Total Fluorine in Coal by the
valve.
Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective Electrode
3.1.9 size, n—refers to the physical dimensions of the
Method
packing material.
4. Classification
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.02 on
4.1 Classification—The material shall be of the following
Insulation Systems.
types, classes, and grades as specified (see Section 5).
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 2002. Published April 2002.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01. 4.1.1 Type I—Corrugated ribbon or textured tape.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 12.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
6 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.06. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2168–02
TABLE 2 Detrimental Materials (Class 2 Only (See 13.6))
4.1.2 Type II—Die-formed ring.
4.1.3 Class 1—For use where detrimental material content Maximum Total Allowable Impurity
Element
Levels in Parts per Million (ppm)
of the packing need not be controlled beyond normal manu-
Mercury (Hg) 10
facturing limit (commercial grade).
Sulfur (S) 750
4.1.4 Class 2—For use where detrimental material content
Total halogens (chlorine, bromine, and fluorine) 500
must be controlled to the limits specified herein.
Chlorine (Cl) 250
Bromine (Br) 250
4.1.5 Grade A—Treated with corrosion inhibitor.
Fluorine (F) 250
4.1.6 Grade B—No corrosion inhibitor.
5. Ordering Information
6.1.4 Mercury Exclusion—During manufacturing, fabrica-
5.1 Contracts or orders for the units under this specification
shall include the following information: tion, handling, packaging, and packing, the packing material
shall not come in contact with mercury or mercury containing
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.
5.1.2 Type, class, and grade. compounds.
5.1.3 Type of corrosion inhibitor (see 6.1.3 and Supplemen-
7. Properties
tary Requirements).
5.1.4 Specify density of die-formed rings.
7.1 Chemical and Physical Properties—Unless otherwise
5.1.5 Inspection, testing, and certification of the material
specified, the properties of the finished packing shall conform
should be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier
to the requirements of Table 1. Class 2 also requires compli-
as part of the purchase contract (see Sections 14 and 16).
ance with Table 2.
5.1.6 When die-formed (Type II) packing rings are desired,
7.2 Prohibited Additions—There shall be no intentional
the ring height, inside diameter, outside diameter, number of
additions of any of the detrimental materials of Table 2 or
cuts, and number of packing rings required per set (see 9.2 and
antimony (Sb), arsenic (As), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd),
9.3).
gallium(Ga),indium(In),lead(Pb),mercury(Hg),silver(Ag),
5.1.7 Marking requirements (see Section 17 and Supple-
or tin (Sn) during the manufacturing, fabrication, handling,
mentary Requirements).
packaging, and packing of the product.
5.1.8 Packaging requirements (see Section 18 and Supple-
mentary Requirements). 8. Other Requirements
5.1.9 Application data (to include operating pressure, oper-
8.1 No other requirements noted.
ating temperature, and media).
5.1.10 Specify thickness of Type I.
9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
9.1 TypeIRibbonPacking—Unlessotherwisespecified(see
6. Materials and Manufacture
Section 5), the packing shall be uniformly coiled, spooled, or
6.1 Material—Requirements specified herein apply to Class
reeled in accordance with Table 3.
1 and Class 2 and GradeAand Grade B packing, except where
9.2 Type II Die-Formed Packing—Unless otherwise speci-
noted.
fied (see Section 5), the tolerances for Type II packing shall be
6.1.1 Type I—The packing shall be made entirely of flexible
in accordance with Table 4. The tolerance applies to finished
graphitic material having no binders and meeting the require-
rings before any cutting operations.
ments of Tables 1 and 2.
9.3 Split Rings—The number of cuts (zero, one, or two)
6.1.2 Type II—Die-formed packing rings shall be manufac-
shall be as specified (see Section 5). Cuts shall be made at
tured from flexible graphitic material conforming to the re-
approximately a 45° angle such that an overlapping joint is
quirements of Tables 1 and 2.
formed in the compressed state. When two cuts are required
6.1.3 Coating and Corrosion-Inhibiting Treatments:
(separating the ring into two parts), the resulting parts shall be
6.1.3.1 Grade A—GradeApacking shall be provided with a
approximately the same dimension. If the number of cuts is not
powdered zinc active corrosion-inhibiting treatment or a pas-
specified, single-cut rings shall be provided.
sive inhibiting treatment such as phosphorous or barium
molybdate, as specified (see Section 5). If the use of inhibitors
10. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
is required, both passive and active inhibitors shall be permit-
10.1 Workmanship—The packing shall be free from extra-
ted to be used.
neous material and visual defects that may affect its service-
6.1.3.2 Grade B—Grade B packing shall not contain
ability, as defined in Table 5.
corrosion-inhibiting additives.
TABLE 3 Dimensions for Type I
TABLE 1 Chemical and Physical Properties
Width Length, min
Property Value Unit Test
0.25 6 0.030 in (6 6 0.075 mm) 25 ft (7.62 m)
Density, bulk as specified kg/m 13.5 0.50 6 0.030 in (12 6 0.075 mm) 25 ft (7.62 m)
Ash 1 % by mass, max 13.3 0.75 6 0.030 in (18 6 0.075 mm) 50 ft (15.24 m)
Graphite purity 99 %, min 13.4 1.00 6 0.030 in (25 6 0.075 mm) 50 ft (15.24 m)
F2168–02
TABLE 4 Tolerances for Type II Packing
Inside Diameter Outside Diameter
Thickness
(i.d.) (o.d.)
to 1 in. (25 mm) +0.010 in. (0.25 mm) +0.000 in. (0.000 mm) 60.020 in. (0.50 mm)
o.d. -0.000 in. (0.000 mm) -0.010 in. (0.25 mm)
1 in. (25 mm) +0.015 in. (0.38 mm) +0.000 in. (0.000 mm) 60.030 in. (0.75 mm)
and above o.d. -0.000 in. (0.000 mm) -0.015 in. (0.38 mm)
TABLE 5 Classification of Visual Defects
13.4 Graphite Purity—The sample shall be dried to a
Item Category—Major constant mass at 300 6 5°F (149 6 3°C) before testing. For
Grade A packing only, the test shall be conducted before the
Type I corrugated ribbon Void.
or textured tape Rip or tear in ribbon.
corrosion-inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corro-
Particulate or extraneous matter on surface that is
sion inhibitor shall be determined and subtracted from the base
not easily removed without damaging the packing.
mass of the sample. The percent carbon shall be based upon
Noncontinuous length (no joints).
Lack of corrugation or textured surface area.
mass of the dried sample. This determination shall be made in
Creasing or crimping.
accordance with Test Methods D 3178 or an alternate method
Type II die-formed rings Holes or voids.
of analysis with equal or improved accuracy and precision (see
Particulate or extraneous matter on surface that is
not easily removed without damaging the packing.
Table 1).
Delaminations (laminated rings).
13.5 Bulk Density—ThebulkdensityoftheTypeIandType
Gouges (minor indentations less than 0.005 in. in
II materials shall be determined in accordance with Test
depth resulting from normal production and
handling are acceptable).
Method C 559.
Split rings not cut cleanly.
13.6 Detrimental Material Tests—For determination of the
Lack of corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only).
Wrong corrosion inhibitor (Grade A only). detrimental materials listed in Table 2 for Class 2 only, the test
Presence of corrosion inhibitor (Grade B only).
methods of Table 6 or alternate methods of equal or improved
Cracking (crevices of no appreciable width
accuracy and precision shall be used.
associated with folds (accordion creases), ply
terminations, or plies of die molded ribbon
packing rings are acceptable.)
14. Inspection and Testing
14.1 Inspection and testing of the material should be agreed
upon between the purchaser and the supplier as part of the
11. Quality Assurance
purchase contract (see 5.1.5).
11.1 Quality Systems—Manufacturers shall be prepared to
document use of a quality system such as compliance with an 15. Rejection
ISO 9000 series program or similar program.
15.1 Materials that fail to conform to the requirements of
this specification shall be rejected. Rejection shall be reported
12. Specimen Preparation
to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of
12.1 Specimen Preparation—Buyer and seller shall agree
dissatisfaction with the results of testing, the producer shall
on specimen preparation.
make claim for a rehearing or provide for third party testing.
13. Test Methods
13.1 Tests—In the event tests are required as part of the
TABLE 6 Detrimental Materials Tests
purchasing requirements (see 5.1.5), tests shall be made in
Element Preparation/Analysis Test Methods
accordance with the following tests or by way of alternate
Chlorine (Cl), (l) pyrohydrolysis (C 889)/ion chromatographic analysis
methods of analysis with equal to or improved accuracy and
bromine (Br)
(2) D 129/D 512
precision. The use of an alternate analytical method requires
(3) D 1246 (for bromine)
the prior written consent of the purchasing party before
acceptance will be allowed. Except for the corrosion-inhibiting
Fluorine (F) (l) pyrohydrolysis (C 889)/selective ion electrode or
ion chromatographic analysis
treatment exceptions of 13.3 and 13.4, all testing shall be
(2) D 129/D 1179
performed on final product after completion of all processing,
(3) D 3761 (sample preparation and analysis)
including application of any binders and, if required, corrosion
Sulfur (S) (1) high temperature combustion in 100 % oxygen/
inhibitors.
nondispersive infrared analysis or ion chromatographic
13.2 Size—The size shall be determined by measuring each
analysis
sample selected for visual examination (see Table 4).
(2) C 816 (sample preparation and analysis)
(3) D 4239 Method 3 (sample preparation and
13.3 Ash Content—The ash content shall be determined in
analysis)
accordancewithTestMethodC 561(seeTable1).ForGradeA
packing only, the test shall be conducted before the corrosion- Mercury (Hg) (1) direct analysis of volatile elements (Hg) by
emission spectrographic method
inhibiting treatment or the added mass of the corrosion
(2) direct analysis of volatile elements by atomic
inhibitor shall be determined and subtracted from the base
absorption per D 3684
mass of the sample.
F2168–02
16. Certification includingchangestorawmaterial,binders,orinhibitors(Grade
A) shall require additional testing to form the basis for future
16.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, the
certifications.
purchaser shall be furnished certification that samples repre-
senting each lot have been tested and the requirements have
17. Product Marking
been met. When specified in the purchase order or contract, a
17.1 Marking—For commercial shipment, marking shall be
report of the test results shall be furnished.
inaccordancewithacceptedindustrypracticesorasrequiredin
16.2 Detrimental Materials Control—For Class 2 material
the purchase contract (see 5.1.1). Marking shall include type of
only, the vendor shall provide certification that the limits of
corrosion inhibitor, if any.
Table 2 have been met and that low melting metals (Sb,As, Bi,
18. Packagin
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